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Elections in Kerala
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Elections in Kerala are regularly held to appoint government officials at various levels, both within the state of Kerala and in India as a whole. These elections encompass national elections as well as regional elections for local bodies and panchayats.
The Kerala Assembly has the authority to enact laws concerning the conduct of local body elections independently. However, any modifications made by the state legislature to the procedures of state-level elections require approval from the Parliament of India. In addition, the state legislature may be dismissed by the Parliament according to Article 356 of the Indian Constitution and President's rule may be imposed.
The Election Commission of India (ECI) prepares the electoral rolls for elections to the Parliament of India (Lok Sabha) and the Kerala Legislative Assembly, and conducts these elections.
Kerala State Election Commission (SEC) prepares the electoral rolls of Panchayats, Municipalities and Municipal Corporations and conduct their elections. The State Election Commissioner is also the Chairman of the Delimitation Commission.
Types of elections
Elections in Kerala include elections for:
- Members of Parliament in the Rajya Sabha (Upper House)
- Members of Parliament in the Lok Sabha (Lower House)
- Members of the Kerala Legislative Assembly (State Assembly)
- Members of local governance bodies (municipal bodies and panchayats)
- A by-election is held when the seat-holder of a particular constituency dies, resigns, or is disqualified.
Lok Sabha elections
Members of parliament in the Lok Sabha (Lower House) from Kerala are directly elected by being voted upon by all adult citizens of the state from a set of candidates who stand in their respective constituencies. Every adult citizen of Kerala can vote only in their constituency. Candidates who win the Lok Sabha elections are called "Members of Parliament" and hold their seats for five years or until the body is dissolved by the president of India on the advice of the council of ministers. The house meets in the Lok Sabha Chamber of the Sansad Bhavan in New Delhi on matters relating to the creation of new laws or removing or improving the existing laws that affect all citizens of India. Elections take place once every five years to elect 20 members from Kerala. The leader of the majority party or alliance in the country takes oath as prime minister of India. Indian General Elections in Kerala has been mainly contested between two political parties since the formation of the state. The Indian National Congress which currently leads United Democratic Front (UDF) alliance and the Communist Party of India (Marxist) which currently leads Left Democratic Front (LDF) alliance. The Indian National Congress has been in lead, 11 out of 16 election from 1957 in Kerala. The elections for both Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha are conducted by the Election Commission of India (ECI). |+style="text-align:left;"|Legislative Assembly election results |[[File:Kerala Constituency wise Loksabha Results 2009.svg|center|thumb|250px|[[15th Lok Sabha]] ([[2009 Indian general election in Kerala|2009]])]] |[[File:Kerala Constituency wise Loksabha Results 2014.svg|center|thumb|250px|[[16th Lok Sabha]] ([[2014 Indian general election in Kerala|2014]])]] |[[File:Constituency wise Loksabha Results 2019 - Kerala.svg|center|thumb|250px|[[17th Lok Sabha]] ([[2019 Indian general election in Kerala|2019]])]] |[[File:2024 Lok Sabha Kerala Result Map.svg|center|thumb|280px|[[18th Lok Sabha]] ([[2024 Indian general election in Kerala|2024]])]]
Party Wise Results
| Lok Sabha | Election Year | 1st Party | 2nd Party | 3rd Party | 4th Party | Others | Total Seats | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2nd Lok Sabha | 1957 | Communist Party of India}}" | CPI 9 | INC}}" | INC 6 | Praja Socialist Party}}" | PSP 1 | |||
| 3rd Lok Sabha | 1962 | Communist Party of India}}" | CPI 6 | INC}}" | INC 5 | Indian Union Muslim League}}" | IUML 2 | |||
| 4th Lok Sabha | 1967 | Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}" | CPI(M) 9 | Communist Party of India}}" | CPI 3 | Samyukta Socialist Party}}" | SSP 3 | |||
| 5th Lok Sabha | 1971 | Indian National Congress (R)}}" | INC(R) 6 | Communist Party of India}}" | CPI 3 | Kerala Congress}}" | KC 3 | |||
| 6th Lok Sabha | 1977 | INC}}" | INC 9 | Communist Party of India}}" | CPI 4 | Indian Union Muslim League}}" | IUML 2 | |||
| 7th Lok Sabha | 1980 | Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}" | CPI(M) 6 | INC}}" | INC (I) 4 | Indian National Congress (U)}}" | INC (U) 3 | |||
| 8th Lok Sabha | 1984 | INC}}" | INC 13 | Kerala Congress (Jacob)}}" | KC (J) 2 | Indian Union Muslim League}}" | IUML 2 | |||
| 9th Lok Sabha | 1989 | INC}}" | INC 14 | Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}" | CPI(M) 2 | Indian Union Muslim League}}" | IUML 2 | |||
| 10th Lok Sabha | 1991 | INC}}" | INC 13 | Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}" | CPI(M) 3 | Indian Union Muslim League}}" | IUML 2 | |||
| 11th Lok Sabha | 1996 | INC}}" | INC 7 | Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}" | CPI(M) 5 | Communist Party of India}}" | CPI 2 | |||
| 12th Lok Sabha | 1998 | INC}}" | INC 8 | Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}" | CPI(M) 4 | Communist Party of India}}" | CPI 2 | |||
| 13th Lok Sabha | 1999 | INC}}" | INC 8 | Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}" | CPI(M) 4 | Indian Union Muslim League}}" | IUML 2 | |||
| 14th Lok Sabha | 2004 | Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}" | CPI(M) 12 | Communist Party of India}}" | CPI 3 | Indian Union Muslim League}}" | IUML 1 | |||
| 15th Lok Sabha | 2009 | INC}}" | INC 13 | Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}" | CPI(M) 4 | Indian Union Muslim League}}" | IUML 2 | |||
| 16th Lok Sabha | 2014 | INC}}" | INC 8 | Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}" | CPI(M) 7 | Indian Union Muslim League}}" | IUML 2 | |||
| 17th Lok Sabha | 2019 | INC}}" | INC 15 | Indian Union Muslim League}}" | IUML 2 | Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}" | CPI(M) 1 | |||
| 18th Lok Sabha | 2024 | INC}}" | INC 14 | Indian Union Muslim League}}" | IUML 2 | Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}" | CPI(M) 1 |
Alliance Wise Results
| Year | Lok Sabha Election | 1st Alliance | Seats won | 2nd Alliance | Seats won | Other parties | Seats won | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1957 | 2nd | Communist Party of India}}" | CPI | 9 | Indian National Congress}}" | INC | 6 | ||
| 1962 | 3rd | United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" | INC/PSP/IUML | 8 | Communist Party of India}}" | CPI | 6 | ||
| 1967 | 4th | Communist Party of India}}" | United Front | 17 | Indian National Congress}}" | INC | 1 | ||
| 1971 | 5th | United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" | United Front | 16 | Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}" | CPI(M) | 2 | ||
| 1977 | 6th | 20 | 0 | 0 | |||||
| 1980 | 7th | Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" | LDF | 12 | United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" | UDF | 8 | ||
| 1984 | 8th | United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" | UDF | 18 | Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" | LDF | 2 | ||
| 1989 | 9th | 17 | 3 | 0 | |||||
| 1991 | 10th | 15 | 5 | 0 | |||||
| 1996 | 11th | 10 | 10 | 0 | |||||
| 1998 | 12th | 11 | 9 | 0 | |||||
| 1999 | 13th | 11 | 9 | 0 | |||||
| 2004 | 14th | Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" | LDF | 18 | United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" | UDF | 1 | ||
| 2009 | 15th | United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" | UDF | 16 | Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" | LDF | 4 | ||
| 2014 | 16th | 12 | 8 | 0 | |||||
| 2019 | 17th | 19 | 1 | 0 | |||||
| 2024 | 18th | 18 | 1 | NDA | 1 |
State Legislative Assembly Elections
Members of the Kerala Legislative Assembly are directly elected by being voted upon by all adult citizens of the state from a set of candidates who stand in their respective constituencies. Every adult citizen of Kerala can vote only in their constituency. Candidates who win the legislative assembly elections are called "Members of the Legislative Assembly" and hold their seats for five years or until the body is dissolved by the governor of Kerala on the advice of the council of ministers. The house meets in the Assembly Chamber of the Chief Secretariat in Thiruvananthapuram on matters relating to the creation of new laws or removing or improving the existing laws that affect all citizens of Kerala. Elections take place once every five years to elect 140 members to the legislative assembly. The leader of the majority party or alliance takes oath as chief minister of Kerala.
| Year | Election | Chief Minister | Ruling Party |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1957 | 1st Assembly | E. M. S. Namboodiripad | |
| 1962 | 2nd Assembly | Pattom A. Thanu Pillai | |
| 1965 | No Majority | No party won a majority | |
| 1967 | 3rd Assembly | E. M. S. Namboodiripad | |
| 1971 | 4th Assembly | C. Achutha Menon | |
| 1977 | 5th Assembly | K. Karunakaran | |
| 1980 | 6th Assembly | E. K. Nayanar | |
| 1982 | 7th Assembly | K. Karunakaran | |
| 1987 | 8th Assembly | E. K. Nayanar | |
| 1991 | 9th Assembly | K. Karunakaran | |
| 1996 | 10th Assembly | E. K. Nayanar | |
| 2001 | 11th Assembly | A. K. Antony | |
| 2006 | 12th Assembly | V. S. Achuthanandan | |
| 2011 | 13th Assembly | Oommen Chandy | |
| 2016 | 14th Assembly | Pinarayi Vijayan | |
| 2021 | 15th Assembly | ||
| 2026 | 16th Assembly |
Party wise election results
| Election Year | 1st Party | 2nd Party | 3rd Party | 4th Party | Others | Total Seats | Party | Seats | Party | Seats | Party | Seats | Party | Seats | 1957 | 126 | 1960 | 126 | 1965 | 133 | 1967 | 133 | 1970 | 133 | 1977 | 140 | 1980 | 140 | 1982 | 140 | 1987 | 140 | 1991 | 140 | 1996 | 140 | 2001 | 140 | 2006 | 140 | 2011 | 140 | 2016 | 140 | 2021 | 140 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Communist Party of India}}" | Communist Party of India | 60 | INC}}" | Indian National Congress | 43 | Praja Socialist Party}}" | Praja Socialist Party | 9 | 14 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| INC}}" | Indian National Congress | 63 | Communist Party of India}}" | Communist Party of India | 29 | Praja Socialist Party}}" | Praja Socialist Party | 20 | Indian Union Muslim League}}" | Indian Union Muslim League | 11 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}" | Communist Party of India (Marxist) | 40 | INC}}" | Indian National Congress | 36 | Kerala Congress}}" | Kerala Congress | 23 | Samyukta Socialist Party}}" | Samyukta Socialist Party | 13 | 21 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}" | Communist Party of India (Marxist) | 52 | Communist Party of India}}" | Communist Party of India | 19 | Samyukta Socialist Party}}" | Samyukta Socialist Party | 19 | Indian Union Muslim League}}" | Indian Union Muslim League | 14 | 29 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| INC}}" | Indian National Congress | 30 | Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}" | Communist Party of India (Marxist) | 29 | Communist Party of India}}" | Communist Party of India | 16 | Kerala Congress}}" | Kerala Congress | 12 | 46 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| INC}}" | Indian National Congress | 38 | Communist Party of India}}" | Communist Party of India | 23 | Kerala Congress}}" | Kerala Congress | 20 | Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}" | Communist Party of India (Marxist) | 17 | 42 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}" | Communist Party of India (Marxist) | 35 | Indian National Congress (U)}}" | Indian National Congress (U) | 21 | Communist Party of India}}" | Communist Party of India | 17 | INC}}" | Indian National Congress (I) | 17 | 50 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}" | Communist Party of India (Marxist) | 28 | Indian National Congress}}" | Indian National Congress (I) | 20 | Congress (A)}}" | Congress (A) | 15 | Indian Union Muslim League}}" | Indian Union Muslim League | 14 | 63 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}" | Communist Party of India (Marxist) | 38 | Indian National Congress}}" | Indian National Congress | 33 | Communist Party of India}}" | Communist Party of India | 16 | Indian Union Muslim League}}" | Indian Union Muslim League | 15 | 38 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Indian National Congress}}" | Indian National Congress | 55 | Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}" | Communist Party of India (Marxist) | 28 | Indian Union Muslim League}}" | Indian Union Muslim League | 19 | Communist Party of India}}" | Communist Party of India | 12 | 26 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}" | Communist Party of India (Marxist) | 40 | Indian National Congress}}" | Indian National Congress | 37 | Communist Party of India}}" | Communist Party of India | 18 | Indian Union Muslim League}}" | Indian Union Muslim League | 13 | 32 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Indian National Congress}}" | Indian National Congress | 63 | Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}" | Communist Party of India (Marxist) | 24 | Indian Union Muslim League}}" | Indian Union Muslim League | 16 | Kerala Congress (M)}}" | Kerala Congress (M) | 9 | 28 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}" | Communist Party of India (Marxist) | 61 | Indian National Congress}}" | Indian National Congress | 24 | Communist Party of India}}" | Communist Party of India | 17 | Indian Union Muslim League}}" | Indian Union Muslim League | 7 | 31 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}" | Communist Party of India (Marxist) | 44 | Indian National Congress}}" | Indian National Congress | 39 | Indian Union Muslim League}}" | Indian Union Muslim League | 20 | Communist Party of India}}" | Communist Party of India | 13 | 24 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}" | Communist Party of India (Marxist) | 58 | Indian National Congress}}" | Indian National Congress | 22 | Communist Party of India}}" | Communist Party of India | 19 | Indian Union Muslim League}}" | Indian Union Muslim League | 18 | 23 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}" | Communist Party of India (Marxist) | 62 | Indian National Congress}}" | Indian National Congress | 21 | Communist Party of India}}" | Communist Party of India | 17 | Indian Union Muslim League}}" | Indian Union Muslim League | 15 | 25 |
Alliance wise results
| Winning Party / Coalition | Seats won | Opposition party/ Coalition | Seats won | Others | Chief Minister | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Party) | 1957 Kerala Legislative Assembly election | [[File:India Kerala Legislative Assembly 1957.svg | 150px]] | Indian National Congress}}; | Praja Socialist Party}}; | 1960 Kerala Legislative Assembly election | [[File:India Kerala Legislative Assembly 1960.svg | 150px]] | Praja Socialist Party}}; | Communist Party of India}}; | Indian National Congress}}; | 1965 Kerala Legislative Assembly election | 1967 Kerala Legislative Assembly election | [[File:India Kerala Legislative Assembly 1967.svg | 150px]] | Indian National Congress}}; | Kerala Congress}}; | 1970 Kerala Legislative Assembly election | [[File:India Kerala Legislative Assembly 1970.svg | 150px]] | Indian National Congress}}; | Kerala Congress}}; | Praja Socialist Party}}; | 1977 Kerala Legislative Assembly election | [[File:India Kerala Legislative Assembly 1977.svg | 150px]] | Indian National Congress}}; | Kerala Congress}}; | Bharatiya Lok Dal}}; | 1980 Kerala Legislative Assembly election | [[File:India Kerala Legislative Assembly 1980.svg | 150px]] | Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white" | Left Democratic Front | 93 | United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white" | United Democratic Front | 46 | Indian National Congress}}; | Praja Socialist Party}}; | 1982 Kerala Legislative Assembly election | [[File:India Kerala Legislative Assembly 1982.svg | 150px]] | United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white" | United Democratic Front | Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white" | Left Democratic Front | 1987 Kerala Legislative Assembly election | [[File:India Kerala Legislative Assembly 1987.svg | 150px]] | Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white" | Left Democratic Front | United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white" | United Democratic Front | 1991 Kerala Legislative Assembly election | [[File:India Kerala Legislative Assembly 1991.svg | 150px]] | United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white" | United Democratic Front | Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white" | Left Democratic Front | 1996 Kerala Legislative Assembly election | [[File:India Kerala Legislative Assembly 1996.svg | 150px]] | Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white" | Left Democratic Front | United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white" | United Democratic Front | 2001 Kerala Legislative Assembly election | [[File:India Kerala Legislative Assembly 2001.svg | 150px]] | United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white" | United Democratic Front | Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white" | Left Democratic Front | 2006 Kerala Legislative Assembly election | [[File:India Kerala Legislative Assembly 2006.svg | 150px]] | Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white" | Left Democratic Front | United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white" | United Democratic Front | 2011 Kerala Legislative Assembly election | [[File:India Kerala Parliament 2011.svg | 150px]] | United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white" | United Democratic Front | 72 | Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white" | Left Democratic Front | 68 | 2016 Kerala Legislative Assembly election | [[File:Kerala Assembly 2016 Seat Status.svg | 150px]] | Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white" | Left Democratic Front | 91 | United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white" | United Democratic Front | 47 | 2021 Kerala Legislative Assembly election | [[File:Niyamasabha 2021.svg | 150px]] | Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white" | Left Democratic Front | 99 | United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white" | United Democratic Front | 41 | Scheduled | |||||||||||||||
| Communist Party of India}}; | Communist Party of India (CPI) | 60 | Indian National Congress (INC) | 43 | 9 | E. M. S. Namboodiripad | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (CPI) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Independent | 5 | Praja Socialist Party (PSP) | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Praja Socialist Party (PSP) | 20 | Communist Party of India (CPI) | 29 | 3 | Pattom Thanu Pillai | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (PSP) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Indian National Congress (INC) | 63 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Indian Union Muslim League}}; | Indian Union Muslim League (IUML) | 12 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| President's Rule | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| No single party could form a ministry commanding majority and hence this election is considered abortive. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}; | Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)) | 52 | Indian National Congress (INC) | 9 | 15 | E. M. S. Namboodiripad | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (CPI(M)) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Communist Party of India}}; | Communist Party of India (CPI) | 19 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Samyukta Socialist Party}}; | Samyukta Socialist Party (SSP) | 19 | Kerala Congress (KC) | 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Indian Union Muslim League}}; | Indian Union Muslim League (IUML) | 14 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Communist Party of India}}; | Communist Party of India (CPI) | 16 | Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}; | Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)) | 29 | 19 | C. Achutha Menon | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (CPI) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Indian National Congress (INC) | 30 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kerala Congress (KC) | 12 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Indian Union Muslim League}}; | Indian Union Muslim League (IUML) | 11 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)}}; | Revolutionary Socialist Party (RSP) | 6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Praja Socialist Party (PSP) | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Socialist Party}}; | Socialist Party (SP) | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Indian National Congress (INC) | 38 | Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}; | Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)) | 17 | 0 | K. Karunakaran | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (INC) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Communist Party of India}}; | Communist Party of India (CPI) | 23 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kerala Congress (KC) | 20 | Bharatiya Lok Dal (KC) | 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Indian Union Muslim League}}; | Indian Union Muslim League (IUML) | 13 | All-India Muslim League}}; | All India Muslim League (AIML) | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)}}; | Revolutionary Socialist Party (RSP) | 9 | Kerala Congress (B)}}; | Kerala Congress (B) (KC(B)) | 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Independents | 8 | Independents | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 0 | E. K. Nayanar | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CPI(M) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}; | Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)) | 35 | Indian National Congress (INC) | 17 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Communist Party of India}}; | Communist Party of India (CPI) | 17 | Indian Union Muslim League}}; | Indian Union Muslim League (IUML) | 14 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Indian National Congress (U)}}; | Indian National Congress (U) (INC(U)) | 21 | Kerala Congress (Jacob)}}; | Kerala Congress (Jacob) (KC(J)) | 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kerala Congress (B)}}; | Kerala Congress (B) (KC(B)) | 1 | Janata Party}}; | Janata Party (JP) | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kerala Congress (M)}}; | Kerala Congress (M) (KC(M)) | 8 | Praja Socialist Party (PSP) | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)}}; | Revolutionary Socialist Party (RSP) | 6 | Independents | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| All-India Muslim League}}; | All India Muslim League (AIML) | 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 77 | 63 | 0 | K. Karunakaran | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| INC | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 78 | 61 | 1 | E. K. Nayanar | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CPI(M) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 90 | 48 | 2 | K. Karunakaran | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| INC | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 80 | 59 | 1 | E. K. Nayanar | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CPI(M) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 99 | 40 | 1 | A. K. Antony | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| INC | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 98 | 42 | 0 | V. S. Achuthanandan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CPI(M) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | Oommen Chandy | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| INC | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Indian National Congress}}" | Indian National Congress | 38 | Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}" | Communist Party of India (Marxist) | 45 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Indian Union Muslim League}}" | Indian Union Muslim League | 20 | Communist Party of India}}" | Communist Party of India | 13 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kerala Congress (M)}}" | Kerala Congress (M) | 9 | Janata Dal (Secular)}}" | Janata Dal (Secular) | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Socialist Janata (Democratic)}}" | Socialist Janata (Democratic) | 2 | Independent politician}}" | Independents | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kerala Congress (B)}}" | Kerala Congress (B) | 1 | Nationalist Congress Party}}" | Nationalist Congress Party | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kerala Congress (Jacob)}}" | Kerala Congress (Jacob) | 1 | Revolutionary Marxist Party of India}}" | Revolutionary Marxist Party of India | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2 | Pinarayi Vijayan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CPI(M) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}" | Communist Party of India (Marxist) | 58 | Indian National Congress}}" | Indian National Congress | 22 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Communist Party of India}}" | Communist Party of India | 19 | Indian Union Muslim League}}" | Indian Union Muslim League | 18 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Janata Dal (Secular)}}" | Janata Dal (Secular) | 3 | Kerala Congress (M)}}" | Kerala Congress (M) | 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nationalist Congress Party}}" | Nationalist Congress Party | 2 | Kerala Congress (Jacob)}}" | Kerala Congress (Jacob) | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Independent politician}}" | Independents | 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Congress (Secular)}}" | Congress (Secular) | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kerala Congress (B)}}" | Kerala Congress (B) | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| National Secular Conference}}" | National Secular Conference | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Communist Marxist Party}}" | Communist Marxist Party | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 0 | Pinarayi Vijayan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CPI(M) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}" | Communist Party of India (Marxist) | 62 | Indian National Congress}}" | Indian National Congress | 21 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Communist Party of India}}" | Communist Party of India | 17 | Indian Union Muslim League}}" | Indian Union Muslim League | 15 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kerala Congress (M)}}" | Kerala Congress (M) | 5 | Kerala Congress}}" | Kerala Congress | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Janata Dal (Secular)}}" | Janata Dal (Secular) | 2 | Kerala Congress (Jacob)}}" | Kerala Congress (Jacob) | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nationalist Congress Party}}" | Nationalist Congress Party | 2 | Revolutionary Marxist Party of India}}" | Revolutionary Marxist Party of India | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loktantrik Janata Dal}}" | Loktantrik Janata Dal | 1 | Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)}}" | Revolutionary Socialist Party | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Indian National League}}" | Indian National League | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Congress (Secular)}}" | Congress (Secular) | 1 |
List of political alliances of Kerala in power (1980–present)
| No. | Flag | Political alliance | Total days in governance | 1 | 2 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [[File:Left Democratic Front (Kerala) Logo.svg | 100px]] | Left Democratic Front (LDF) | Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" | days | |||
| [[File:UDF logo.png | 100px]] | United Democratic Front (UDF) | United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" | days |
Local Body elections
Main article: Local government in Kerala
The elections for local self-government institutions, such as panchayats and municipalities, are conducted by the Kerala State Election Commission, which is an independent constitutional authority.
Panchayat Elections is a term widely used in Kerala, India, for the polls that are held to select the Local Self-government Representatives. There are three branches of local self-government institutions in Kerala, officially known as Panchayati Raj Institutions, responsible for rural governance. They are Grama Panchayat which can be translated as Village Government, Block Panchayat and District Panchayat. A Grama Panchayat is almost an equivalent to City administration and, Block Panchayat is for a rural block (which includes several gram panchayats) District Panchayat to a County (excluding statutory cities and towns).
There are two more wings namely Municipality which is the urban local government that exists only in major towns and Municipal Corporations that come only in six major cities. Consequent to the 73rd Amendment to the Constitution of India, the local self-government institutions (LSGIs) are to function as the third tier of government.
At present, there are 1200 local governments in Kerala, which includes 941 Grama Panchayats, 152 Block Panchayats, 14 District Panchayats, 87 Municipalities and 6 Municipal Corporations.
The last Election to the Local Self-government Institutions in Kerala (Panchayat Elections) was held in 2025 december. The results were announced on 13 december 2025. Next local body elections are scheduled to be held in 2030.
| Year | Municipal Corporation Results | Total | LDF | UDF | NDA | OTH | 6 | 6 | 6 | 5 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}} | United Democratic Front (Kerala)}} | National Democratic Alliance}} | |||||||||||
| 2025 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 0 | |||||||||
| 2020 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||
| 2015 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||
| 2010 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| Year | Municipalities Results | Total | LDF | UDF | NDA | OTH | 87 | 87 | 87 | 59 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}} | United Democratic Front (Kerala)}} | National Democratic Alliance}} | |||||||||||
| 2025 | 28 | 54 | 2 | 0 | |||||||||
| 2020 | 43 | 41 | 2 | 0 | |||||||||
| 2015 | 44 | 41 | 1 | 0 | |||||||||
| 2010 | 20 | 39 | 0 | 0 |
| Year | District Panchayat Results | Total | LDF | UDF | NDA | OTH | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}} | United Democratic Front (Kerala)}} | National Democratic Alliance}} | |||||||||||
| 2025 | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||
| 2020 | 11 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||
| 2015 | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||
| 2010 | 6 | 8 | 0 | 0 |
Notes
References
- "Messages".
- "Terms of the Houses". Election Commission of India.
- "History of kerala legislature – Government of Kerala, India".
- "Kerala Assembly Election DATABASE".
- "Kerala Assembly Election Schedule 2016". Election Commission India.
- (2019-12-29). "What will force Mr Modi to change course will be the outcome of the state elections in 2020–21".
- Jha, B. K.. "All About India's Panchayati Raj System".
- "Local Self-Governance – Government of Kerala, India".
- Rajwi, Tiki. (2025-11-10). "Kerala local body elections 2025 to be held in two phases on December 9 and 11; counting on December 13". The Hindu.
- Suresh, M. K.. "Kerala to conduct local body elections in October".
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