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Texas's 23rd congressional district

U.S. House district for Texas

U.S. House district for Texas

FieldValue
stateTexas
district number23
image name{{switcher
{{maplinkframeyesplain=yesfrom=Texas's 23rd congressional district (2023–).mapframe-height=300frame-width=400zoom=6overlay-horizontal-alignment=rightoverlay-vertical-alignment=bottomoverlay=[[File:Texas's 23rd congressional district (since 2023).svg100px]]}}
{{maplinkframeyesplain=yesfrom=Texas's 23rd congressional district (2027–).mapframe-height=300frame-width=400zoom=6overlay-horizontal-alignment=rightoverlay-vertical-alignment=bottomoverlay=[[File:Texas's 23rd congressional district (since 2027).svg100px]]}}
image captionInteractive map of district boundaries
representativeTony Gonzales
partyRepublican
residenceSan Antonio
distribution ref
percent urban78.09
percent rural21.91
population806,011
population year2024
median income$81,908
percent white28.4
percent black3.3
percent asian2.4
percent more than one race2.1
percent hispanic62.9
percent other race0.8
cpviR+7

| |From 2023 to 2027, starting with the 2022 elections | |From 2027, starting with the 2026 elections | percent more than one race = 2.1 Texas's 23rd congressional district stretches across the southwestern portion of Texas. It is a majority Hispanic district and has been represented by Republican Tony Gonzales since 2021.

The 23rd district runs along the majority of Texas' border with Mexico, north of the Rio Grande. It stretches from western San Antonio to El Paso, encompassing numerous county seats and towns of regional economic importance.

The district is predominantly rural. Campaigning is difficult due to its size and disparate influences; the population density is one of the lowest in any congressional district. Economic activities include farming, ranching, oil, and mineral extraction; also recreation, manufacturing, and tourism, as it encompasses all of Big Bend National Park and Big Bend Ranch State Park.

The 2010s iteration of this district was the only one in the U.S. to vote for the Republican candidate for President in 2012, flip to the Democratic presidential candidate in 2016, and then flip back to the Republican candidate in 2020.

Recent election results from statewide races

2023–2027 boundaries

YearOfficeResults
2008PresidentMcCain 53% - 46%
2012PresidentRomney 56% - 44%
2014SenateCornyn 65% - 35%
GovernorAbbott 61% - 39%
2016PresidentTrump 50% - 45%
2018SenateCruz 51% - 49%
GovernorAbbott 56% - 42%
Lt. GovernorPatrick 52% - 46%
Attorney GeneralPaxton 50% - 47%
Comptroller of Public AccountsHegar 52% - 44%
2020PresidentTrump 53% - 46%
SenateCornyn 54% - 43%
2022GovernorAbbott 54% - 44%
Lt. GovernorPatrick 54% - 43%
Attorney GeneralPaxton 53% - 44%
Comptroller of Public AccountsHegar 56% - 41%
2024PresidentTrump 57% - 42%
SenateCruz 53% - 44%

2027–2033 boundaries

YearOfficeResults
2008PresidentMcCain 56% - 43%
2012PresidentRomney 58% - 42%
2014SenateCornyn 67% - 33%
GovernorAbbott 63% - 37%
2016PresidentTrump 51% - 44%
2018SenateCruz 51% - 48%
GovernorAbbott 57% - 41%
Lt. GovernorPatrick 52% - 45%
Attorney GeneralPaxton 51% - 46%
Comptroller of Public AccountsHegar 54% - 42%
2020PresidentTrump 53% - 46%
SenateCornyn 54% - 43%
2022GovernorAbbott 54% - 44%
Lt. GovernorPatrick 54% - 43%
Attorney GeneralPaxton 53% - 44%
Comptroller of Public AccountsHegar 56% - 41%
2024PresidentTrump 57% - 42%
SenateCruz 53% - 45%

Composition

For the 118th and successive Congresses (based on redistricting following the 2020 census), the district contains all or portions of the following counties and communities:

Bexar County (12)

: Cross Mountain, Fair Oaks Ranch, Grey Forest, Helotes, Lackland AFB, Macdona, San Antonio (part; also 20th, 21st, 28th, 35th; shared with Comal and Medina counties), Scenic Oaks, Shavano Park, Somerset, Timberwood Park, Von Ormy

Brewster County (4)

: All 4 communities

Crane County (1)

: Crane

Crockett County (1)

: Ozona

Culberson County (1)

: Van Horn

Dimmit County (6)

: All 6 communities

Edwards County (2)

: Barksdale, Rocksprings

El Paso County (13)

: Agua Dulce, Butterfield, Clint, El Paso (part; also 16th), Fabens, Fort Bliss (part; also 16th), Homestead Meadows North, Homestead Meadows South, Horizon City (part; also 16th), Morning Glory, San Elizario, Socorro (part; also 16th), Tornillo

Frio County (6)

: All 6 communities

Hudspeth County (4)

: All 4 communities

Jeff Davis County (2)

: Fort Davis, Valentine

Kinney County (3)

: All 3 communities

La Salle County (3)

: All 3 communities

Loving County (1)

: Mentone

Maverick County (13)

: All 13 communities

Medina County (9)

: All 9 communities

Pecos County (5)

: All 5 communities

Presidio County (3)

: All 3 communities

Reagan County (1)

: Big Lake

Schleicher County (1)

: Eldorado

Sutton County (1)

: Sonora

Terrell County (1)

: Sanderson

Upton County (2)

: McCamey, Rankin

Uvalde County (5)

: All 5 communities

Val Verde County (7)

: All 7 communities

Ward County (7)

: All 7 communities

Winkler County (3)

: All 3 communities

Zavala County (6)

: All 6 communities

Demographics

According to the APM Research Lab's Voter Profile Tools (featuring the U.S. Census Bureau's 2019 American Community Survey), the district contained about 511,000 potential voters (citizens, age 18+). Of these, 64% are Latino, while 29% are White. One in ten potential voters were born outside of the U.S., now naturalized citizens. Median income among households (with one or more potential voter) in the district is about $61,800, while 11% of households live below the poverty line. As for the educational attainment of potential voters in the district, 17% of those 25 and older have not earned a high school degree, while 23% hold a bachelor's or higher degree.

Election results

Elections from 1967 to 1992

This district was created in 1967, following passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. In addition, it followed the case of Wesberry v. Sanders, resulting in Texas's previous congressional map being tossed out. Democrats held the district until 1993.

Elections from 1992 to 2002

Following the 1990 census, in 1992, the Texas Legislature created the new , mostly from the eastern portion of the 23rd. In the process, the legislature left a heavily Republican section of western San Antonio in the 23rd. Republican Henry Bonilla beat 4-term incumbent Albert Bustamante to take the seat in 1992.

Although the 23rd leaned slightly Democratic on paper, Bonilla had a very conservative voting record. Largely because of his popularity in San Antonio, he did not face a credible challenger until 2002, when the former Democratic Texas Secretary of State, Henry Cuellar, came within 2 points of unseating him.

2004 election

During the 2003 Texas redistricting, the Republican-controlled Texas Legislature shifted most of Laredo, which had been one of the bases of the 23rd from the beginning, into the . Several heavily Republican suburbs in the Texas Hill Country north of San Antonio were shifted into the 23rd district, all but ensuring Bonilla of a seventh term.

2006 election

Following the U.S. Supreme Court ruling in League of United Latin American Citizens v. Perry which found that the 23rd district violated the Voting Rights Act of 1965, the district was redrawn.

2010 election

The National Republican Congressional Committee targeted Texas's 23rd congressional district to try to regain it, and strongly supported the Republican campaign financially.

2012 election

2014 election

2016 election

2018 election

2020 election

2022 election

2024 election

List of members representing the district

MemberPartyYearsCong
ressElectoral historyDistrict location
District established January 3, 1967
[[File:Abraham Kazen.jpg100px]]
Abraham Kazen Jr.
(Laredo)DemocraticJanuary 3, 1967 –
January 3, 1985Elected in 1966.
Re-elected in 1968.
Re-elected in 1970.
Re-elected in 1972.
Re-elected in 1974.
Re-elected in 1976.
Re-elected in 1978.
Re-elected in 1980.
Re-elected in 1982.
Lost renomination.1967–1969
1969–1973
1973–1975
1975–1983
1983–1985
[[File:Albert Bustamante.jpg100px]]
Albert Bustamante
(San Antonio)DemocraticnowrapJanuary 3, 1985 –
January 3, 1993Elected in 1984.
Re-elected in 1986.
Re-elected in 1988.
Re-elected in 1990.
Lost re-election.1985–1993
[[File:Henry Bonilla.jpg100px]]
Henry Bonilla
(San Antonio)RepublicanJanuary 3, 1993 –
January 3, 2007Elected in 1992.
Re-elected in 1994.
Re-elected in 1996.
Re-elected in 1998.
Re-elected in 2000.
Re-elected in 2002.
Re-elected in 2004.
Lost re-election.1993–2003
Brewster, Crane, Crockett, Culberson, Dimmit, Edwards, Hudspeth, Jeff Davis, Kinney, Loving, Maverick, Medina, Pecos, Presidio, Reagan, Reeves, Sutton, Terrell, Upton, Uvalde, Val Verde, Ward, Webb, Winkler, and Zavala; parts of Bexar, Ector, El Paso, and Midland
2003–2005
Brewster, Crockett, Culberson, Dimmit, Edwards, Hudspeth, Jeff Davis, Kinney, Maverick, Medina, Pecos, Presidio, Reagan, Real, Reeves, Sutton, Terrell, Upton, Uvalde, Val Verde, Webb, and Zavala; parts of Bexar and El Paso
2005–2007
[[File:TX23 109.gif300px]]
Bandera, Brewster, Crockett, Culberson, Dimmit, Edwards, Hudspeth, Jeff Davis, Kendall, Kerr, Kinney, Maverick, Medina, Pecos, Presidio, Real, Reeves, Terrell, Uvalde, Val Verde, and Zavala; parts of Bexar, El Paso, Sutton, and Webb
[[File:Ciro Rodriguez, official 110th Congress photo.JPG100px]]
Ciro Rodriguez
(San Antonio)DemocraticnowrapJanuary 3, 2007 –
January 3, 2011Elected in 2006.
Re-elected in 2008.
Lost re-election.2007–2013
[[File:TX23 110.gif300px]]
Brewster, Crockett, Culberson, Dimmit, Edwards, Hudspeth, Jeff Davis, Kinney, Maverick, Medina, Pecos, Presidio, Reeves, Terrell, Uvalde, Val Verde, and Zavala; parts of Bexar, El Paso, and Sutton
[[File:Quico Canseco, official portrait, 112th Congress.jpg100px]]
Quico Canseco
(San Antonio)RepublicannowrapJanuary 3, 2011 –
January 3, 2013Elected in 2010.
Lost re-election.
[[File:Pete Gallego official portrait.jpg100px]]
Pete Gallego
(Alpine)DemocraticnowrapJanuary 3, 2013 –
January 3, 2015Elected in 2012.
Lost re-election.2013–2023
[[File:Texas US Congressional District 23 (since 2013).tif300px]]
Brewster, Crane, Crockett, Culberson, Dimmit, Edwards, Frio, Hudspeth, Jeff Davis, Kinney, Loving, Maverick, Medina, Pecos, Presidio, Reagan, Reeves, Schleicher, Sutton, Terrell, Upton, Uvalde, Val Verde, Ward, Winkler, and Zavala; parts of Bexar, El Paso, and La Salle
[[File:Will Hurd Texas.jpg100px]]
Will Hurd
(San Antonio)RepublicannowrapJanuary 3, 2015 –
January 3, 2021Elected in 2014.
Re-elected in 2016.
Re-elected in 2018.
Retired.
[[File: Tony-Gonzales-Congress.jpg100px]]
Tony Gonzales
(San Antonio)RepublicanJanuary 3, 2021 –
presentElected in 2020.
Re-elected in 2022.
Re-elected in 2024.
2023–2027
[[File:Texas US Congressional District 23 (since 2021).tif300px]]

References

References

  1. Geography, US Census Bureau. "Congressional Districts Relationship Files (state-based)".
  2. Center for New Media & Promotion (CNMP), US Census Bureau. "My Congressional District".
  3. (April 3, 2025). "2025 Cook PVI℠: District Map and List (119th Congress)".
  4. "Just 47 House districts flipped in the last three presidential elections. What do they tell us?".
  5. "Dra 2020".
  6. "DRA 2020".
  7. [https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/cong_dist/cd118/cd_based/ST48/CD118_TX01.pdf https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/cong_dist/cd118/cd_based/ST48/CD118_TX23.pdf]
  8. (2008-03-06). "NRCC Memo Reveals 24 Democratic Targets". Roll Call.
  9. (June 2018). "2010 General Election, Election Night Returns, Unofficial Elections Results As Of: 11/3/2010 12:14:58 PM". Texas Secretary of State.
  10. (August 26, 2021). "District Population Analysis with County Subtotals {{!}} CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS - PLANC2100". Texas Legislative Council.
  11. (October 17, 2021). "District Population Analysis with County Subtotals {{!}} CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS - PLANC2193". Texas Legislative Council.
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