From Surf Wiki (app.surf) — the open knowledge base
List of prime ministers of Portugal
None
None
|Top left: Pedro de Sousa Holstein, 1st Duke of Palmela was the first prime minister to be referred as such. |Top right: António de Oliveira Salazar was the longest serving head of government. |Bottom left: Aníbal Cavaco Silva was the longest serving prime minister in democracy. |Bottom right: Luís Montenegro is the incumbent prime minister.}}
The prime minister of the Portuguese Republic () is the head of the Government of Portugal. The officeholder coordinates the actions of all ministers, represents the Government as a whole, reports their actions and is accountable to the Assembly of the Republic, in addition to keeping the president of the Republic informed.
There is no limit to the number of mandates as prime minister. They are appointed by the president of the Republic, after the legislative elections and after an audience with every leader of a party represented at the Assembly. It is usual for the leader of the party which receives a plurality of votes in the elections to be named prime minister.
The official residence of the prime minister is a mansion next to São Bento Palace, which, in confusion, is also often called "São Bento Palace", although many prime ministers did not live in the palace during their full mandate.
History
The origins of present office of prime minister of Portugal fall back to the beginning of the Portuguese monarchy in the 12th century. Typically, a senior official of the king of Portugal prevailed over the others, ensuring the coordination of the administration of the kingdom as a kind of prime minister. Throughout history, the prominent position fell successively on the Mayor of the Palace (Portuguese Mordomo-Mor), on the Chancellor (Chanceler-Mor), on the king's private secretary (Escrivão da Puridade) and on the secretary of state (Secretário de Estado).
In 1736, three offices of secretary of state were created, with the Secretary of State of the Internal Affairs of the Kingdom (Secretário de Estado dos Negócios Interiores do Reino) occupying a prominent position over the others.
Since the Liberal Revolution of 1820, liberalism and parliamentarism were installed in the country. In the first liberal period, there were three to six secretaries of state with equal position in the hierarchy, but with the secretary the Internal Affairs of the Kingdom (usually known by Minister of the Kingdom) continuing to occupy a prominent position. Occasionally there was a Minister Assistant to the Dispatch (Ministro Assistante ao Despacho), a coordinator of all secretaries of state, and with a post similar to that of a prime minister. After a brief absolutistic restoration, the second liberalism started. With the beginning of the Constitutional Monarchy, the office of President of the Council of Ministers (Presidente do Conselho de Ministros) was created. The presidents of the council were clearly the heads of government of the kingdom, holding the executive power that absolute monarchs had, but were restricted by the controlling power of the National Congress.
With the advent of the Republic in the 5 October 1910 revolution, the head of government was renamed President of the Ministry (Presidente do Ministério). During this period the heads of government were under the strong power of the parliament and often fell due to parliamentary turmoils and social instability.
With the 28 May 1926 coup d'état, and eventually, after the formation of the Estado Novo quasi-fascist dictatorial regime of António de Oliveira Salazar, the prime minister was again named President of the Council of Ministers, and was nominally the most important figure in the country. First Salazar and then Marcello Caetano occupied this post for almost 42 years.
With the Carnation Revolution came the prime minister, which replaced the president of the council.
Prime ministers
The official numbering of the prime ministers starts with the first president of the Council of Ministers of the constitutional monarchy. A second column is added after the establishment of the Republic, numbering the prime ministers from there to the present day. Another column is added for the numbering inside the three regimes: First Republic, the Second Republic and Third Republic, with a fourth column in the Second Republic to mark the numbering of prime ministers since the 1926 revolution that established the National Dictatorship and since the replacement of the National Dictatorship with the Salazarist Estado Novo. In the Third Republic, a fourth column is also used to distinguish the prime ministers of the provisional governments that existed during the period immediately following the Carnation Revolution of 1974 from the prime ministers that assumed office after the entry into force of Portugal's current democratic Constitution adopted 1976.
At the right hand side, a column indicates the official numbering of the Constitutional Governments. The numbering of the Constitutional Governments is not the same as the numbering of prime ministers since the Constitution because, whenever elections for a new parliament take place, a new constitutional government is installed, even if the prime minister remains the same; however, there is also a change of constitutional government when the prime minister is replaced, even if in mid-parliament. So, because some prime ministers managed to remain in office after fresh elections (thus serving as prime ministers under more than one parliament), there are more constitutional governments than there are prime ministers.
The colors indicate the political affiliation of each prime minister.
/independent
Constitutional Monarchy – Second Liberalism (1834–1910)
| No. | Portrait | Name | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Birth–Death) | Term of office | |||||
| — | ||||||
| Electoral mandates | Political party | Government | Monarch | |||
| (Reign) | ||||||
| 1 | [[File:D. Pedro de Sousa Holstein, 1º Duque de Palmela - Domingos Sequeira.jpg | 70px]] | Pedro de Sousa Holstein, | |||
| Marquis of Palmela | ||||||
| (1781–1850) | 24 September | |||||
| 1834 | 4 May | |||||
| 1835 | Chartist/"Chamorro" | 1st Dev. | ||||
| 1834 | ||||||
| Portugal's first official prime minister; First Devourism government. | ||||||
| 2 | [[File:Conde de Linhares.jpg | 70px]] | Vitório Maria de Sousa Coutinho, | |||
| Count of Linhares | ||||||
| (1790–1857) | 4 May | |||||
| 1835 | 27 May | |||||
| 1835 | "Chamorro" | |||||
| — | ||||||
| 3 | [[File:Saldanha.PNG | 70px]] | João Carlos de Saldanha Oliveira e Daun, | |||
| Marquis of Saldanha | ||||||
| (1790–1876) | 27 May | |||||
| 1835 | 18 November | |||||
| 1835 | Independent | 2nd Dev. | ||||
| — | ||||||
| Second Devourism government; Resigned after the auction of estuarine lands of the Tejo and Sado River and for military aid to Spanish Queen Isabella II. | ||||||
| 4 | [[File:José Jorge Loureiro.jpg | 70px]] | José Jorge Loureiro | |||
| (1791–1860) | 18 November | |||||
| 1835 | 20 April | |||||
| 1836 | Independent | 3rd Dev. | ||||
| — | ||||||
| Third Devourism government; Government fell after failure to pass a budget. | ||||||
| 5 | [[File:Retrato do Duque da Terceira.jpg | 70px]] | António José Severim de Noronha, | |||
| Duke of Terceira and Marquis of Vila Flor | ||||||
| (1792–1860) | 20 April | |||||
| 1836 | 10 September | |||||
| 1836 | "Chamorro" | 4th Dev. | ||||
| Jul.1836 | ||||||
| Fourth and last Devourism government; September 1836 Revolution. | ||||||
| 6 | [[File:Conde de Lumiares.jpg | 70px]] | José da Gama Carneiro e Sousa, | |||
| Count of Lumiares | ||||||
| (1788–1849) | 10 September | |||||
| 1836 | 4 November | |||||
| 1836 | Septemberist | 1st Set. | ||||
| — | ||||||
| Belenzada attempted coup by Queen Maria II of Portugal to remove the government; Resigned in the aftermath. | ||||||
| — | José Bernardino de Portugal e Castro, | |||||
| Marquis of Valença and Count of Vimioso | ||||||
| (1780–1840) | ||||||
| (did not take office) | 4 November | |||||
| 1836 | 5 November | |||||
| 1836 | Independent | — | ||||
| — | ||||||
| Did not take office. | ||||||
| 7 | [[File:Sa da Bandeira.jpg | 70px]] | Bernardo de Sá Nogueira de Figueiredo, | |||
| Viscount of Sá da Bandeira | ||||||
| (1795–1876) | 5 November | |||||
| 1836 | 1 June | |||||
| 1837 | Septemberist | 2nd Set. | ||||
| Nov.1836 | ||||||
| Local government reform by minister Passos Manuel; Abolition of slavery traffic in Portuguese colonies. | ||||||
| 8 | [[File:António Dias de Oliveira (cropped).jpg | 70px]] | António Dias de Oliveira | |||
| (1804–1863) | 1 June | |||||
| 1837 | 2 August | |||||
| 1837 | Septemberist | 3rd Set. | ||||
| — | ||||||
| Revolt of the Marshals. | ||||||
| 9 | [[File:Sa da Bandeira.jpg | 70px]] | Bernardo de Sá Nogueira de Figueiredo, | |||
| Viscount of Sá da Bandeira | ||||||
| (1795–1876) | ||||||
| (2nd time) | 2 August | |||||
| 1837 | 18 April | |||||
| 1839 | Septemberist | 4th Set. | ||||
| 1838 | ||||||
| Portuguese Constitution of 1838; Rossio massacre. | ||||||
| 10 | [[File:Barão de Ribeira de Sabrosa.jpg | 70px]] | Rodrigo Pinto Pizarro de Almeida Carvalhais, | |||
| Baron of Ribeira de Sabrosa | ||||||
| (1788–1841) | 18 April | |||||
| 1839 | 26 November | |||||
| 1839 | Septemberist | 5th Set. | ||||
| — | ||||||
| Last fully Septemberist government. | ||||||
| 11 | [[File:GP Conde de pd-bonfim.jpg | 70px]] | José Lúcio Travassos Valdez, | |||
| Count of Bonfim | ||||||
| (1787–1862) | 26 November | |||||
| 1839 | 9 June | |||||
| 1841 | Septemberist | 6th Set. | ||||
| 1840 | ||||||
| Coalition government; Resume of diplomatic relations with other European powers, including Spain and the Holy See. | ||||||
| 12 | [[File:Joaquim António de Aguiar.jpg | 70px]] | Joaquim António de Aguiar | |||
| (1792–1884) | 9 June | |||||
| 1841 | 7 February | |||||
| 1842 | Septemberist | 7th Set. | ||||
| — | ||||||
| Known as the "Friar-Killer" due to his role in the dissolution of the monasteries in Portugal; Collapse of the Portuguese Constitution of 1838; Resigned after the restoration of the Constitutional Charter of 1826. | ||||||
| 13 | [[File:D. Pedro de Sousa Holstein, 1º Duque de Palmela - Domingos Sequeira.jpg | 70px]] | Pedro de Sousa Holstein, | |||
| Marquis of Palmela | ||||||
| (1781–1850) | ||||||
| (2nd time) | 7 February | |||||
| 1842 | 9 February | |||||
| 1842 | Independent | G.E. | ||||
| — | ||||||
| 3-day "Shrovetide Government"; Beginning of Cabralism. | ||||||
| 14 | [[File:Retrato do Duque da Terceira.jpg | 70px]] | António José Severim de Noronha, | |||
| Duke of Terceira and Marquis of Vila Flor | ||||||
| (1792–1860) | ||||||
| (2nd time) | 9 February | |||||
| 1842 | 20 May | |||||
| 1846 | Chartist | 1st R. Cart. | ||||
| 1842, 1845 | ||||||
| Known as the "Restoration Government"; Torres Novas revolt; Resigned after the Revolution of Maria da Fonte; Fled to exile in Madrid; End of Cabralism. | ||||||
| 15 | [[File:D. Pedro de Sousa Holstein, 1º Duque de Palmela - Domingos Sequeira.jpg | 70px]] | Pedro de Sousa Holstein, | |||
| Marquis of Palmela | ||||||
| (1781–1850) | ||||||
| (3rd time) | 20 May | |||||
| 1846 | 6 October | |||||
| 1846 | Chartist | 2nd R. Cart. | ||||
| — | ||||||
| Emboscada palace coup. | ||||||
| 16 | [[File:Saldanha.PNG | 70px]] | João Carlos de Saldanha Oliveira e Daun, | |||
| Duke of Saldanha | ||||||
| (1790–1876) | ||||||
| (2nd time) | 6 October | |||||
| 1846 | 18 June | |||||
| 1849 | Chartist | 3rd R. Cart. | ||||
| 1847 | ||||||
| Patuleia or Little Civil War that resulted in a Chartist victory; Convention of Gramido. | ||||||
| 17 | [[File:Marquês de Tomar.jpg | 70px]] | António Bernardo da Costa Cabral, | |||
| Count of Tomar | ||||||
| (1803–1889) | 18 June | |||||
| 1849 | 26 April | |||||
| 1851 | Chartist | 4th R. Cart. | ||||
| — | ||||||
| Returned from exile; Resigned due to political and military unrest. | ||||||
| 18 | [[File:Retrato do Duque da Terceira.jpg | 70px]] | António José Severim de Noronha, | |||
| Duke of Terceira and Marquis of Vila Flor | ||||||
| (1792–1860) | ||||||
| (3rd time) | 26 April | |||||
| 1851 | 1 May | |||||
| 1851 | Regenerator | 5th R. Cart. | ||||
| — | ||||||
| Military insurrection of 1 May 1851; Beginning of the Regeneration. | ||||||
| 19 | [[File:Saldanha.PNG | 70px]] | João Carlos de Saldanha Oliveira e Daun, | |||
| Duke of Saldanha | ||||||
| (1790–1876) | ||||||
| (3rd time) | 1 May | |||||
| 1851 | 6 June | |||||
| 1856 | Regenerator | 1st Reg. | ||||
| 1851, 1852 | Pedro V | |||||
| [[File:Coats of arms of the Kingdom of Portugal and Algarves (1834 to 1910) - Lesser.png | 70px]] | |||||
| (1853–1861) | ||||||
| Death of queen Maria II; Pedro V ascends the throne. | ||||||
| 20 | [[File:Duque de Loulé.jpg | 70px]] | Nuno José Severo de Mendonça Rolim de Moura Barreto, | |||
| Duke of Loulé | ||||||
| (1804–1875) | 6 June | |||||
| 1856 | 16 March | |||||
| 1859 | Historic | 2nd Reg. | ||||
| 1856, 1858 | ||||||
| Opening of the first railway line in Portugal on 28 October 1856. | ||||||
| 21 | [[File:Retrato do Duque da Terceira.jpg | 70px]] | António José Severim de Noronha, | |||
| Duke of Terceira and Marquis of Vila Flor | ||||||
| (1792–1860) | ||||||
| (4th time) | 16 March | |||||
| 1859 | 1 May | |||||
| 1860 (died) | Regenerator | 3rd Reg. | ||||
| 1860 | ||||||
| Died in office of pneumonia. | ||||||
| 22 | [[File:Joaquim António de Aguiar.jpg | 70px]] | Joaquim António de Aguiar | |||
| (1792–1884) | ||||||
| (2nd time) | 1 May | |||||
| 1860 | 4 July | |||||
| 1860 | Regenerator | |||||
| — | ||||||
| 23 | [[File:Duque de Loulé.jpg | 70px]] | Nuno José Severo de Mendonça Rolim de Moura Barreto, | |||
| Duke of Loulé | ||||||
| (1804–1875) | ||||||
| (2nd time) | 4 July | |||||
| 1860 | 17 April | |||||
| 1865 | Historic | 4th Reg. | ||||
| 1861, 1864 | Luis I | |||||
| [[File:Coats of arms of the Kingdom of Portugal and Algarves (1834 to 1910) - Lesser.png | 70px]] | |||||
| (1861–1889) | ||||||
| Death of king Pedro V; Luís I ascends the throne. | ||||||
| 24 | [[File:Sa da Bandeira.jpg | 70px]] | Bernardo de Sá Nogueira de Figueiredo, | |||
| Marquis of Sá da Bandeira | ||||||
| (1795–1876) | ||||||
| (3rd time) | 17 April | |||||
| 1865 | 4 September | |||||
| 1865 | Reformist | 5th Reg. | ||||
| — | ||||||
| 25 | [[File:Joaquim António de Aguiar.jpg | 70px]] | Joaquim António de Aguiar | |||
| (1792–1884) | ||||||
| (3rd time) | 4 September | |||||
| 1865 | 4 January | |||||
| 1868 | Regenerator (with the Historic Party) | 6th Reg. | ||||
| 1865, 1867 | ||||||
| Nicknamed the "Ministry of Fusion"; Forced to resign after the Janeirinha uprising. | ||||||
| 26 | [[File:Retrato do Duque d’Ávila e Bolama - Miguel Ângelo Lupi, 1880.png | 70px]] | António José de Ávila, | |||
| Duke of Ávila and Bolama | ||||||
| (1807–1881) | 4 January | |||||
| 1868 | 22 July | |||||
| 1868 | Independent | |||||
| (with Reformists) | 7th Reg. | |||||
| — | ||||||
| Repeal of the tax that ignited the Janeirinha uprising; Resigned due to the bad economic situation of the country. | ||||||
| 27 | [[File:Sa da Bandeira.jpg | 70px]] | Bernardo de Sá Nogueira de Figueiredo, | |||
| Marquis of Sá da Bandeira | ||||||
| (1795–1876) | ||||||
| (4th time) | 22 July | |||||
| 1868 | 11 August | |||||
| 1869 | Reformist | 8th Reg. | ||||
| 1868, 1869 | ||||||
| Abolition of slavery in all Portuguese territories. | ||||||
| 28 | [[File:Duque de Loulé.jpg | 70px]] | Nuno José Severo de Mendonça Rolim de Moura Barreto, | |||
| Duke of Loulé | ||||||
| (1804–1875) | ||||||
| (3rd time) | 11 August | |||||
| 1869 | 19 May | |||||
| 1870 | Historic | |||||
| (with Reformists) | 9th Reg. | |||||
| Mar.1870 | ||||||
| Forced to resign after the "Ajudada" and "Saldanhada" coups, led by the Duke of Saldanha. | ||||||
| 29 | [[File:Saldanha.PNG | 70px]] | João Carlos de Saldanha Oliveira e Daun, | |||
| Duke of Saldanha | ||||||
| (1790–1876) | ||||||
| (4th time) | 19 May | |||||
| 1870 | 29 August | |||||
| 1870 | Regenerator | 10th Reg. | ||||
| — | ||||||
| Dismissed by King Luis I. | ||||||
| 30 | [[File:Sa da Bandeira.jpg | 70px]] | Bernardo de Sá Nogueira de Figueiredo, | |||
| Marquis of Sá da Bandeira | ||||||
| (1795–1876) | ||||||
| (5th time) | 29 August | |||||
| 1870 | 29 October | |||||
| 1870 | Reformist | 11th Reg. | ||||
| Sep.1870 | ||||||
| Nominated by King Luis I. | ||||||
| 31 | [[File:Retrato do Duque d’Ávila e Bolama - Miguel Ângelo Lupi, 1880.png | 70px]] | António José de Ávila, | |||
| Marquis of Ávila | ||||||
| (1807–1881) | ||||||
| (2nd time) | 29 October | |||||
| 1870 | 13 September | |||||
| 1871 | Reformist | 12th Reg. | ||||
| 1871 | ||||||
| 32 | [[File:Fontes Pereira de Melo.jpg | 70px]] | António Maria de Fontes Pereira de Melo | |||
| (1819–1887) | 13 September | |||||
| 1871 | 6 March | |||||
| 1877 | Regenerator | 13th Reg. | ||||
| 1874 | ||||||
| Longest serving Prime Minister in the Constitutional Monarchy (3 separate terms) and 2nd longest in Portuguese history; Conducted dynamic industrial and public infrastructure policy; educational reform; start of industrialization process. | ||||||
| 33 | [[File:Retrato do Duque d’Ávila e Bolama - Miguel Ângelo Lupi, 1880.png | 70px]] | António José de Ávila, | |||
| Marquis of Ávila | ||||||
| (1807–1881) | ||||||
| (3rd time) | 6 March | |||||
| 1877 | 26 January | |||||
| 1878 | Reformist | 14th Reg. | ||||
| — | ||||||
| 34 | [[File:Fontes Pereira de Melo.jpg | 70px]] | António Maria de Fontes Pereira de Melo | |||
| (1819–1887) | ||||||
| (2nd time) | 26 January | |||||
| 1878 | 29 May | |||||
| 1879 | Regenerator | 15th Reg. | ||||
| 1878 | ||||||
| Resigned due to a financial scandal surrounding the National Overseas Bank. | ||||||
| 35 | [[File:Anselmo José Braamcamp de Almeida Castelo Branco.jpg | 70px]] | Anselmo José Braamcamp de Almeida Castelo Branco | |||
| (1817–1885) | 29 May | |||||
| 1879 | 23 March | |||||
| 1881 | Progressist | 16th Reg. | ||||
| 1879 | ||||||
| Government fell after a motion of no confidence was presented. | ||||||
| 36 | [[File:Rodrigues Sampaio.jpg | 70px]] | António Rodrigues Sampaio | |||
| (1806–1882) | 23 March | |||||
| 1881 | 14 November | |||||
| 1881 | Regenerator | 17th Reg. | ||||
| 1881 | ||||||
| 37 | [[File:Fontes Pereira de Melo.jpg | 70px]] | António Maria de Fontes Pereira de Melo | |||
| (1819–1887) | ||||||
| (3rd time) | 14 November | |||||
| 1881 | 16 February | |||||
| 1886 | Regenerator | |||||
| 1884 | ||||||
| Lifetime terms in the Chamber of Most Worthy Peers; Portuguese Army reforms. | ||||||
| 38 | [[File:Luciano de Castro.jpg | 70px]] | José Luciano de Castro Pereira Côrte-Real | |||
| (1834–1914) | 16 February | |||||
| 1886 | 14 January | |||||
| 1890 | Progressist | 18th Reg. | ||||
| 1887, 1889 | Carlos I | |||||
| [[File:Coats of arms of the Kingdom of Portugal and Algarves (1834 to 1910) - Lesser.png | 70px]] | |||||
| (1889–1908) | ||||||
| Pink Map crisis; Death of king Luís I; Carlos I ascends the throne; 1890 British Ultimatum. | ||||||
| 39 | [[File:Serpa Pimentel.jpg | 70px]] | António de Serpa Pimentel | |||
| (1825–1900) | 14 January | |||||
| 1890 | 11 October | |||||
| 1890 | Regenerator | 19th Reg. | ||||
| 1890 | ||||||
| Resigned due to the proposed Anglo-Portuguese Treaty of 1891. | ||||||
| 40 | [[File:Joao Crisostomo de Sousa.jpg | 70px]] | João Crisóstomo de Abreu e Sousa | |||
| (1811–1895) | 11 October | |||||
| 1890 | 18 January | |||||
| 1892 | Independent | 20th Reg. | ||||
| — | ||||||
| 31 January 1891 rebellion in Porto; Signing of the Anglo-Portuguese Treaty of 1891. | ||||||
| 41 | [[File:José Dias Ferreira.jpg | 70px]] | José Dias Ferreira | |||
| (1837–1909) | 18 January | |||||
| 1892 | 22 February | |||||
| 1893 | Independent | 21st Reg. | ||||
| 1892 | ||||||
| Crisis of "Rotativism" between Regenerators and Progressives; Formed what was known as the "Party calming government". | ||||||
| 42 | [[File:Hintze Ribeiro.jpg | 70px]] | Ernesto Rodolfo Hintze Ribeiro | |||
| (1849–1907) | 22 February | |||||
| 1893 | 5 February | |||||
| 1897 | Regenerator | 22nd Reg. | ||||
| 1894, 1895 | ||||||
| Insular autonomy for Azores and Madeira islands; Pharmacies' law; Forest's law. | ||||||
| 43 | [[File:Luciano de Castro.jpg | 70px]] | José Luciano de Castro Pereira Côrte-Real | |||
| (1834–1914) | ||||||
| (2nd time) | 5 February | |||||
| 1897 | 26 July | |||||
| 1900 | Progressist | 23rd Reg. | ||||
| 1897, 1899 | ||||||
| Sanitary siege of Porto in 1899 due to bubonic plague. | ||||||
| 44 | [[File:Hintze Ribeiro.jpg | 70px]] | Ernesto Rodolfo Hintze Ribeiro | |||
| (1849–1907) | ||||||
| (2nd time) | 26 July | |||||
| 1900 | 20 October | |||||
| 1904 | Regenerator | 24th Reg. | ||||
| 1900, 1901, 1904 | ||||||
| "Ignoble crap" electoral law that prevented the election of opponents of the Regenerators. | ||||||
| 45 | [[File:Luciano de Castro.jpg | 70px]] | José Luciano de Castro Pereira Côrte-Real | |||
| (1834–1914) | ||||||
| (3rd time) | 20 October | |||||
| 1904 | 19 March | |||||
| 1906 | Progressist | 25th Reg. | ||||
| 1905 | ||||||
| "Tobacco Issue". | ||||||
| 46 | [[File:Hintze Ribeiro.jpg | 70px]] | Ernesto Rodolfo Hintze Ribeiro | |||
| (1849–1907) | ||||||
| (3rd time) | 19 March | |||||
| 1906 | 19 May | |||||
| 1906 | Regenerator | 26th Reg. | ||||
| Apr.1906 | ||||||
| Police brutality against republicans upon the arrival of Bernardino Machado in Lisbon; Resigned after just 57 days in government. | ||||||
| 47 | [[File:O conselheiro João Franco, último presidente do Conselho de Dom Carlos.png | 70px]] | João Ferreira Franco Pinto Castelo-Branco | |||
| (1855–1929) | 19 May | |||||
| 1906 | 4 February | |||||
| 1908 | Liberal Regenerator | 27th Reg. | ||||
| Aug.1906 | ||||||
| Establishment of an authoritarian government; Academic Strike of 1907; 28 January 1908 Coup; Lisbon Regicide and death of King Carlos I and other royal family members; Manuel II ascends the throne. | ||||||
| 48 | [[File:Francisco Joaquim Ferreira do Amaral.jpg | 70px]] | Francisco Joaquim Ferreira do Amaral | |||
| (1844–1923) | 4 February | |||||
| 1908 | 26 December | |||||
| 1908 | Independent | 28th Reg. | ||||
| 1908 | ||||||
| "Government of calm" following the assassination of King Carlos I | ||||||
| 49 | [[File:Artur de Campos Henriques (Arquivo Histórico Parlamentar).png | 70px]] | Artur Alberto de Campos Henriques | |||
| (1853–1922) | 26 December | |||||
| 1908 | 11 April | |||||
| 1909 | Independent | |||||
| (Regenerator and Progressist) | 29th Reg. | |||||
| — | ||||||
| 50 | [[File:Sousa Telles.jpg | 70px]] | Sebastião Custódio de Sousa Teles | |||
| (1847–1921) | 11 April | |||||
| 1909 | 14 May | |||||
| 1909 | Independent | 30th Reg. | ||||
| — | ||||||
| 1909 Benavente earthquake | ||||||
| 51 | [[File:Wenceslau Pereira de Lima.jpg | 70px]] | Venceslau de Sousa Pereira de Lima | |||
| (1858–1919) | 14 May | |||||
| 1909 | 22 December | |||||
| 1909 | Independent | 31st Reg. | ||||
| — | ||||||
| 52 | [[File:Francisco da Veiga Beirão.png | 70px]] | Francisco António da Veiga Beirão | |||
| (1841–1916) | 22 December | |||||
| 1909 | 26 June | |||||
| 1910 | Regenerator | 32nd Reg. | ||||
| — | ||||||
| 53 | [[File:Teixeira de Sousa.jpg | 70px]] | António Teixeira de Sousa | |||
| (1857–1917) | 26 June | |||||
| 1910 | 5 October | |||||
| 1910 | Regenerator | 33rd Reg. | ||||
| 1910 | ||||||
| 5 October 1910 revolution; End of Monarchy; royal family is exiled in the United Kingdom. |
First Republic (1910–1926)
| No. | Portrait | Name | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Birth–Death) | Term of office | |||||
| — | ||||||
| Electoral mandates | Political party | Government | President | |||
| (Mandate) | ||||||
| 54 | [[File:Teofilo Braga.jpg | 70px]] | Joaquim Teófilo Fernandes Braga | |||
| (1843–1924) | 5 October | |||||
| 1910 | 4 September | |||||
| 1911 | Republican | 1st | ||||
| 1911 | ||||||
| 5 October 1910 revolution; 1911 Constitution of Portugal; New flag and national anthem; Catholic Church assets nationalized and public manifestations of worship supervised; Severance of relations between the Holy See and Portugal. | ||||||
| 55 | [[File:Joao Pinheiro Chagas.jpg | 70px]] | João Pinheiro Chagas | |||
| (1863–1925) | 4 September | |||||
| 1911 | 13 November | |||||
| 1911 | Republican | 2nd | ||||
| — | ||||||
| 56 | [[File:AugustodeVasconcelos.jpg | 70px]] | Augusto César de Almeida de Vasconcelos Correia | |||
| (1867–1951) | 13 November | |||||
| 1911 | 16 June | |||||
| 1912 | Republican | 3rd | ||||
| — | ||||||
| 57 | [[File:Duarte Leite.png | 70px]] | Duarte Leite Pereira da Silva | |||
| (1864–1950) | 16 June | |||||
| 1912 | 23 September | |||||
| 1912 | Republican | 4th | ||||
| — | ||||||
| Royalist attack on Chaves. | ||||||
| — | [[File:AugustodeVasconcelos.jpg | 70px]] | Augusto César de Almeida de Vasconcelos Correia (1867–1951) | |||
| (interim) | 23 September | |||||
| 1912 | 30 September | |||||
| 1912 | Republican | |||||
| — | ||||||
| [[File:Duarte Leite.png | 70px]] | Duarte Leite Pereira da Silva | ||||
| (1864–1950) | 30 September | |||||
| 1912 | 9 January | |||||
| 1913 | Republican | |||||
| — | ||||||
| 58 | [[File:Afonso Costa.jpg | 70px]] | Afonso Augusto da Costa | |||
| (1871–1937) | 9 January | |||||
| 1913 | 9 February | |||||
| 1914 | Democratic | 5th | ||||
| — | ||||||
| "Radical Revolt" attempted coup of 27 April 1913; Formation of the White Ant Movement, a semi-clandestine praetorian guard of the Democratic Party; Monarchist Conspiracy of 1913. | ||||||
| 59 | [[File:Bernardino Machado.jpg | 70px]] | Bernardino Luís Machado Guimarães | |||
| (1851–1944) | 9 February | |||||
| 1914 | 12 December | |||||
| 1914 | Democratic | 6th, 7th | ||||
| — | ||||||
| Portugal in World War I; Water-Foot monarchist revolt. | ||||||
| 60 | [[File:VictorAzevedoCoutinho.png | 70px]] | Victor Hugo de Azevedo Coutinho | |||
| (1871–1955) | 12 December | |||||
| 1914 | 28 January | |||||
| 1915 | Democratic | 8th | ||||
| — | ||||||
| 61 | [[File:Pimenta de Castro.jpg | 70px]] | Joaquim Pereira Pimenta de Castro | |||
| (1846–1918) | 28 January | |||||
| 1915 | 14 May | |||||
| 1915 | Independent | 9th | ||||
| — | ||||||
| Ruled as a dictator; Removed from power after the May 14 Revolt. | ||||||
| — | Constitutional Junta composed of: | |||||
| José Norton de Matos | ||||||
| António Maria da Silva | ||||||
| José de Freitas Ribeiro | ||||||
| Alfredo de Sá Cardoso | ||||||
| Álvaro de Castro | 14 May | |||||
| 1915 | 15 May | |||||
| 1915 | None | — | ||||
| — | ||||||
| — | [[File:Joao Pinheiro Chagas.jpg | 70px]] | João Pinheiro Chagas | |||
| (1863–1925) | ||||||
| (did not take office) | 15 May | |||||
| 1915 | 17 May | |||||
| 1915 | Independent | 10th, 11th | ||||
| — | ||||||
| 62 | [[File:José de Castro.png | 70px]] | José Augusto Soares Ribeiro de Castro | |||
| (1868–1929) | 17 May | |||||
| 1915 | 29 November | |||||
| 1915 | Democratic | Teófilo Braga | ||||
| [[File:Coat of arms of Portugal (Lesser).svg | 70px]] | |||||
| (1915) | ||||||
| 1915 | ||||||
| 63 | [[File:Afonso Costa.jpg | 70px]] | Afonso Augusto da Costa | |||
| (1871–1937) | ||||||
| (2nd time) | 29 November | |||||
| 1915 | 16 March | |||||
| 1916 | Democratic | 12th | ||||
| — | ||||||
| Germany declares war on Portugal. | ||||||
| 64 | [[File:Antonio Jose de Almeida.jpg | 70px]] | António José de Almeida | |||
| (1866–1929) | 16 March | |||||
| 1916 | 25 April | |||||
| 1917 | Sacred Union | |||||
| (Evolutionist Party with the | ||||||
| Democrats) | 13th | |||||
| — | ||||||
| 65 | [[File:Afonso Costa.jpg | 70px]] | Afonso Augusto da Costa | |||
| (1871–1937) | ||||||
| (3rd time) | 25 April | |||||
| 1917 | 7 October | |||||
| 1917 | Democratic | 14th | ||||
| — | ||||||
| Sacred Union government; Potato Revolt with state of siege in Lisbon and Porto. | ||||||
| — | [[File:Norton de Matos (retrato).jpg | 70px]] | José Maria Mendes Ribeiro Norton de Matos | |||
| (1867–1955) | ||||||
| (interim) | 7 October | |||||
| 1917 | 25 October | |||||
| 1917 | Democratic | |||||
| — | ||||||
| [[File:Afonso Costa.jpg | 70px]] | Afonso Augusto da Costa | ||||
| (1871–1937) | 25 October | |||||
| 1917 | 17 November | |||||
| 1917 | Democratic | |||||
| — | ||||||
| [[File:Norton de Matos (retrato).jpg | 70px]] | José Maria Mendes Ribeiro Norton de Matos | ||||
| (1867–1955) | ||||||
| (interim) | 17 November | |||||
| 1917 | 8 December | |||||
| 1917 | Democratic | |||||
| — | ||||||
| December 1917 coup d'état. | ||||||
| 66 | [[File:Sidónio Pais.jpg | 70px]] | Sidónio Bernardino Cardoso da Silva Pais | |||
| (1872–1918) | 8 December | |||||
| 1917 | 14 December | |||||
| 1918 (died) | National Republican | 15th, 16th | ||||
| 1918 | ||||||
| Known as the President-King; establishment of an authoritarian regime; Spanish flu outbreak; assassinated. | ||||||
| 67 | [[File:Canto e Castro.jpg | 70px]] | João do Canto e Castro da Silva Antunes Júnior | |||
| (1862–1934) | 14 December | |||||
| 1918 | 23 December | |||||
| 1918 | National Republican | João do Canto e Castro | ||||
| [[File:Coat of arms of Portugal (Lesser).svg | 70px]] | |||||
| (1918–1919) | ||||||
| — | ||||||
| 68 | [[File:Joao tamagnini barbosa 1.jpg | 70px]] | João Tamagnini de Sousa Barbosa | |||
| (1883–1948) | 23 December | |||||
| 1918 | 27 January | |||||
| 1919 | National Republican | 17th, 18th | ||||
| — | ||||||
| Monarchy of the North. | ||||||
| — | [[File:Avô Henrique wiki2.jpg | 70px]] | *Henrique de Paiva Couceiro | |||
| (1861–1944)* | ||||||
| (disputed) | *19 January | |||||
| 1919* | *14 February | |||||
| 1919* | President of the Government Junta of the Kingdom of Portugal | — | ||||
| — | ||||||
| Monarchy of the North (in opposition to the republican government in Lisbon). | ||||||
| 69 | [[File:José Relvas.jpg | 70px]] | José Maria Mascarenhas Relvas | |||
| (1858–1929) | 27 January | |||||
| 1919 | 30 March | |||||
| 1919 | Independent | 19th | ||||
| — | ||||||
| 70 | [[File:DomingosLeitePereira.png | 70px]] | Domingos Leite Pereira | |||
| (1882–1956) | 30 March | |||||
| 1919 | 30 June | |||||
| 1919 | Independent | 20th | ||||
| — | ||||||
| 71 | [[File:Alfredo Ernesto de Sá Cardoso (Arquivo Histórico Parlamentar).png | 70px]] | Alfredo Ernesto de Sá Cardoso | |||
| (1864–1950) | 30 June | |||||
| 1919 | 15 January | |||||
| 1920 | Democratic | 21st | ||||
| 1919 | ||||||
| — | [[File:Fernandes Costa (Album Republicano, 1908).png | 70px]] | Francisco José Fernandes Costa | |||
| (1857–1925) | ||||||
| (did not take office) | 15 January | |||||
| 1920 | Republican Liberal | 22nd | António José de Almeida | |||
| [[File:Coat of arms of Portugal (Lesser).svg | 70px]] | |||||
| (1919–1923) | ||||||
| — | ||||||
| Resigned before being sworn in; Known as the "Five minutes government". | ||||||
| — | [[File:Alfredo Ernesto de Sá Cardoso (Arquivo Histórico Parlamentar).png | 70px]] | Alfredo Ernesto de Sá Cardoso | |||
| (1864–1950) | ||||||
| (reconducted) | 15 January | |||||
| 1920 | 21 January | |||||
| 1920 | Democratic | 21st | ||||
| — | ||||||
| Invited again to form government; Lasted just 6 days in office. | ||||||
| 72 | [[File:DomingosLeitePereira.png | 70px]] | Domingos Leite Pereira | |||
| (1882–1956) | ||||||
| (2nd time) | 21 January | |||||
| 1920 | 8 March | |||||
| 1920 | Independent | 23rd | ||||
| — | ||||||
| 73 | [[File:Antonio Maria Baptista.jpg | 70px]] | António Maria Baptista | |||
| (1866–1920) | 8 March | |||||
| 1920 | 6 June | |||||
| 1920 (Died) | Democratic | 24th | ||||
| — | ||||||
| Died during a meeting of the council of ministers, due to a stroke, after reading an insulting letter. | ||||||
| 74 | [[File:José Ramos Preto.png | 70px]] | José Ramos Preto | |||
| (1871–1949) | 6 June | |||||
| 1920 | 26 June | |||||
| 1920 | Democratic | |||||
| — | ||||||
| Resigned just 12 days after being sworn in due to backlash for increasing salaries of members of ministerial cabinets. | ||||||
| 75 | [[File:Antonio Maria da Silva.jpg | 70px]] | António Maria da Silva | |||
| (1872–1950) | 26 June | |||||
| 1920 | 19 July | |||||
| 1920 | Democratic | |||||
| (with the Socialists and Populars) | 25th | |||||
| — | ||||||
| 76 | [[File:António Granjo.JPG | 70px]] | António Joaquim Granjo | |||
| (1881–1921) | 19 July | |||||
| 1920 | 20 November | |||||
| 1920 | Republican Liberal | |||||
| (with the Reconstitution Party) | 26th | |||||
| — | ||||||
| 77 | [[File:Alvaro de Castro1.jpg | 70px]] | Álvaro Xavier de Castro | |||
| (1878–1928) | 20 November | |||||
| 1920 | 30 November | |||||
| 1920 | Democratic | |||||
| (with Reconstitution Party and Populars) | 27th | |||||
| — | ||||||
| Held office for just 10 days. | ||||||
| 78 | [[File:Liberato Pinto.jpg | 70px]] | Liberato Damião Ribeiro Pinto | |||
| (1880–1949) | 30 November | |||||
| 1920 | 2 March | |||||
| 1921 | Democratic | |||||
| (with Reconstitution Party and Populars) | 28th | |||||
| — | ||||||
| Social unrest; Calls to take power in a dictatorship. | ||||||
| 79 | [[File:Bernardino Machado.jpg | 70px]] | Bernardino Luís Machado Guimarães | |||
| (1851–1944) | ||||||
| (2nd time) | 2 March | |||||
| 1921 | 23 May | |||||
| 1921 | Democratic | |||||
| (with Reconstitution Party and Populars) | 29th | |||||
| — | ||||||
| Accused of planning a coup to overthrow President António José de Almeida; Forced to resign. | ||||||
| 80 | [[File:Tomé José de Barros Queirós.jpg | 70px]] | Tomé José de Barros Queirós | |||
| (1872–1925) | 23 May | |||||
| 1921 | 30 August | |||||
| 1921 | Republican Liberal | 30th | ||||
| — | ||||||
| Economic crisis; Request for a loan of 50 million dollars from the United States. | ||||||
| 81 | [[File:António Granjo.JPG | 70px]] | António Joaquim Granjo | |||
| (1881–1921) | ||||||
| (2nd time) | 30 August | |||||
| 1921 | 19 October | |||||
| 1921 (Died) | Republican Liberal | 31st | ||||
| 1921 | ||||||
| Bloody Night revolt. Assassinated. | ||||||
| 82 | [[File:Manuel Maria Coelho.png | 70px]] | António Manuel Maria Coelho | |||
| (1857–1943) | 19 October | |||||
| 1921 | 5 November | |||||
| 1921 | Independent | 32nd | ||||
| — | ||||||
| Resigned because of fears of a foreign intervention, due to the social and political chaos, by English, French and Spanish warships. | ||||||
| 83 | [[File:Carlos Maia Pinto.jpg | 70px]] | Carlos Henrique da Silva Maia Pinto | |||
| (1866–1932) | 5 November | |||||
| 1921 | 16 December | |||||
| 1921 | Independent | 33rd | ||||
| — | ||||||
| Resigned after just 40 days in office due to lack of legitimacy after the fallout of the Bloody Night revolt. | ||||||
| 84 | [[File:Francisco Pinto da Cunha Leal (Arquivo Histórico Parlamentar).png | 70px]] | Francisco Pinto da Cunha Leal | |||
| (1888–1970) | 16 December | |||||
| 1921 | 7 February | |||||
| 1922 | Democratic | 34th | ||||
| — | ||||||
| Social and political unrest; Resigned after a small diplomatic clash with the United Kingdom. | ||||||
| 85 | [[File:Antonio Maria da Silva.jpg | 70px]] | António Maria da Silva | |||
| (1872–1950) | ||||||
| (2nd time) | 7 February | |||||
| 1922 | 15 November | |||||
| 1923 | Democratic | 35th, 36th, 37th | ||||
| 1922 | ||||||
| First aerial crossing of the South Atlantic. | ||||||
| Nationalist Republican Party (Portugal)}}; color:white;" | 86 | [[File:Antonio ginestal machado.jpg | 70px]] | António Ginestal Machado | ||
| (1874–1940) | 15 November | |||||
| 1923 | 18 December | |||||
| 1923 | Nationalist Republican | 38th | ||||
| — | ||||||
| 10 December 1923 failed coup; Resigned due to the fallout. | ||||||
| Nationalist Republican Party (Portugal)}}; color:white;" | 87 | [[File:Alvaro de Castro1.jpg | 70px]] | Álvaro Xavier de Castro | ||
| (1878–1928) | ||||||
| (2nd time) | 18 December | |||||
| 1923 | 7 July | |||||
| 1924 | Nationalist Republican | |||||
| (with the Democratics) | 39th | |||||
| — | ||||||
| Conflict between the government and the military aviation; Fights in a duel one of the members of the military aviation revolt; Resigns shortly after. | ||||||
| 88 | [[File:Alfredo Rodrigues Gaspar (Arquivo Histórico Parlamentar).png | 70px]] | Alfredo Rodrigues Gaspar | |||
| (1865–1938) | 7 July | |||||
| 1924 | 22 November | |||||
| 1924 | Democratic | 40th | ||||
| — | ||||||
| 89 | [[File:Domigues dos santos.jpg | 70px]] | José Domingues dos Santos | |||
| (1885–1958) | 22 November | |||||
| 1924 | 15 February | |||||
| 1925 | Democratic Leftwing Republican | 41st | ||||
| — | ||||||
| Resigned after a motion of censorship in Parliament was approved. | ||||||
| 90 | [[File:Vitorino Máximo de Carvalho Guimarães (Arquivo Histórico Municipal).png | 70px]] | Vitorino Máximo de Carvalho Guimarães | |||
| (1876–1957) | 15 February | |||||
| 1925 | 1 July | |||||
| 1925 | Democratic | 42nd | ||||
| — | ||||||
| 18 April 1925 attempted coup. | ||||||
| 91 | [[File:Antonio Maria da Silva.jpg | 70px]] | António Maria da Silva | |||
| (1872–1950) | ||||||
| (3rd time) | 1 July | |||||
| 1925 | 1 August | |||||
| 1925 | Democratic | 43rd | ||||
| — | ||||||
| 19 July 1925 attempted coup; Held office for just 30 days. | ||||||
| 92 | [[File:DomingosLeitePereira.png | 70px]] | Domingos Leite Pereira | |||
| (1882–1956) | ||||||
| (3rd time) | 1 August | |||||
| 1925 | 18 December | |||||
| 1925 | Democratic | 44th | ||||
| — | ||||||
| Portuguese Bank Note Crisis, also known as the "Alves dos Reis scandal". | ||||||
| 93 | [[File:Antonio Maria da Silva.jpg | 70px]] | António Maria da Silva | |||
| (1872–1950) | ||||||
| (4th time) | 18 December | |||||
| 1925 | 30 May | |||||
| 1926 | Democratic | 45th | ||||
| 1925 | ||||||
| 28 May 1926 coup d'état; Fall of the First Republic. |
Second Republic – Dictatorship (1926–1974)
| No. | Portrait | Name | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Birth–Death) | Term of office | |||||||
| — | ||||||||
| Electoral mandates | Political party | Government | President | |||||
| (Mandate) | Ditadura Nacional – Military Dictatorship (1926–1932) | Estado Novo – New State (1932–1974) | ||||||
| 94 | [[File:President José Mendes Cabeçadas.jpg | 70px]] | José Mendes Cabeçadas Júnior | |||||
| (1883–1965) | 30 May | |||||||
| 1926 | 19 June | |||||||
| 1926 | None | 1st Dict. | José Mendes Cabeçadas | |||||
| [[File:Coat of arms of Portugal (Lesser).svg | 70px]] | |||||||
| (1926) | ||||||||
| — | ||||||||
| 28 May 1926 coup d'état; Forced to resign. | ||||||||
| 95 | [[File:Gomes da costa.jpg | 70px]] | Manuel de Oliveira Gomes da Costa | |||||
| (1863–1929) | 19 June | |||||||
| 1926 | 9 July | |||||||
| 1926 | None | 2nd Dict. | Manuel Gomes da Costa | |||||
| [[File:Coat of arms of Portugal (Lesser).svg | 70px]] | |||||||
| (1926) | ||||||||
| — | ||||||||
| 9 July 1926 Counter-revolution; Forced to resign and sent to exile in the Azores. | ||||||||
| 96 | [[File:Retrato do Presidente da República Óscar Carmona - Photographia Ingleza de J. & M. Lazarus (Museu da Presidência da República).png | 70px]] | António Óscar Fragoso Carmona | |||||
| (1869–1951) | 9 July | |||||||
| 1926 | 18 April | |||||||
| 1928 | None | 3rd Dict. | António Óscar Carmona | |||||
| [[File:Coat of arms of Portugal (Lesser).svg | 70px]] | |||||||
| (1926–1951) | ||||||||
| — | ||||||||
| February 1927 Revolt; Nomination of António de Oliveira Salazar as Finance Minister; Strong austerity and fiscal consolidation. | ||||||||
| 97 | [[File:José Vicente de Freitas.JPG | 70px]] | José Vicente de Freitas | |||||
| (1869–1952) | 18 April | |||||||
| 1928 | 8 July | |||||||
| 1929 | None | 4th Dict. | ||||||
| 5th Dict. | ||||||||
| — | ||||||||
| Resigned due to internal government disagreements over separation of church and state. | ||||||||
| 98 | [[File:Artur Ivens Ferraz - 1923.jpg | 70px]] | Artur Ivens Ferraz | |||||
| (1870–1933) | 8 July | |||||||
| 1929 | 21 January | |||||||
| 1930 | None | 6th Dict. | ||||||
| — | ||||||||
| Resigned due to disagreements with Salazar over the future of the regime. | ||||||||
| National Union (Portugal)}}; color:white;" | 99 | [[File:Domingos Oliveira.jpg | 70px]] | Domingos Augusto Alves da Costa e Oliveira | ||||
| (1873–1957) | 21 January | |||||||
| 1930 | 5 July | |||||||
| 1932 | National Union | 7th Dict. | ||||||
| — | ||||||||
| 1931 Madeira uprising; 26 August 1931 Revolt. | ||||||||
| National Union (Portugal)}}; color:white;" | 100 | [[File:António de Oliveira Salazar portrait (by Manuel Alves San Payo) – Lisboa.jpg | 70px]] | António de Oliveira Salazar | ||||
| (1889–1970) | 5 July | |||||||
| 1932 | 25 September | |||||||
| 1968 | National Union | 8th Dict. | ||||||
| 9th Dict. | ||||||||
| 10th Dict. | ||||||||
| 1934, 1938, 1942, 1945, 1949, 1953, 1957, 1961, 1965 | Francisco Craveiro Lopes | |||||||
| [[File:Coat of arms of Portugal (Lesser).svg | 70px]] | |||||||
| (1951–1958) | ||||||||
| Longest-serving prime minister in Portuguese history; Formation of the Estado Novo; Portuguese Constitution of 1933; Strong economic and fiscal stabilization; Spanish Civil War; 1936 Naval Revolt; Concordat of 1940 between Portugal and the Holy See; Portugal neutrality during World War II; Marshall Plan; Repression of civil liberties and political freedoms; co-founder of United Nations, NATO, OCDE and EFTA; 1958 Presidential election fallout; 1960s Economic expansion; loss of Portuguese India; 1961 "Abrilada" attempted coup; Portuguese Colonial War; 1962 Academic Crisis; 1967 Lisbon floods; Replaced after suffering a brain hemorrhage. | Américo Tomás | |||||||
| [[File:Coat of arms of Portugal (Lesser).svg | 70px]] | |||||||
| (1958–1974) | ||||||||
| National Union (Portugal)}}; color:white;" | 101 | [[File:Marcello caetano.jpg | 70px]] | Marcello José das Neves Alves Caetano | ||||
| (1906–1980) | 25 September | |||||||
| 1968 | 25 April | |||||||
| 1974 | National Union | |||||||
| from 1970 | ||||||||
| People's National Action | 11th Dict. | |||||||
| 1969, 1973 | ||||||||
| Marceloist Spring of 1968–70; 1969 Portugal earthquake; Economic expansion (until 1973), Portuguese Colonial War; 1973 oil crisis; Attempted March 1974 coup "Caldas Resurgence"; Carnation Revolution; Flown under custody to Madeira and, later, went into exile to Brazil. |
Third Republic (1974–present)
| No. | Portrait | Name | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Birth–Death) | Term of office | |||||||
| — | ||||||||
| Electoral mandates | Political party | Government | President | |||||
| (Mandate) | Provisional Governments of the Revolutionary Period (1974–1976) | Prime Ministers heading Constitutional Governments (1976–present) | ||||||
| — | National Salvation Junta | |||||||
| composed of:António de Spínola, Francisco da Costa Gomes | ||||||||
| Jaime Silvério Marques, Diogo Neto, Carlos Galvão de Melo | ||||||||
| José Baptista Pinheiro de Azevedo, António Alva Rosa Coutinho | 25 April | |||||||
| 1974 | 16 May | |||||||
| 1974 | None | — | António de Spínola | |||||
| [[File:Coat of arms of Portugal (Lesser).svg | 70px]] | |||||||
| (1974) | ||||||||
| — | ||||||||
| Military junta designated to maintain government following the Carnation Revolution. | ||||||||
| 102 | Adelino da Palma Carlos | |||||||
| (1905–1992) | 16 May | |||||||
| 1974 | 18 July | |||||||
| 1974 | Independent | Prov. I | ||||||
| — | ||||||||
| Lawyer, opponent of the Estado Novo, appointed by Presidential nomination; Led a broad-based cabinet; Resigned due to disagreements with the electoral calendar. | ||||||||
| 103 | Vasco dos Santos Gonçalves | |||||||
| (1921–2005) | 18 July | |||||||
| 1974 | 19 September | |||||||
| 1975 | Independent | Prov. II | ||||||
| Prov. III | ||||||||
| Prov. IV | Francisco da Costa Gomes | |||||||
| [[File:Coat of arms of Portugal (Lesser).svg | 70px]] | |||||||
| (1974–1976) | ||||||||
| Prov. V | ||||||||
| 1975 Cst. | ||||||||
| Army colonel; Beginning of the decolonization of the Portuguese colonies in Africa; Nationalization of banks and insurance companies after the events of 11 March 1975; Land reform; Introduction of a minimum wage; PREC; Dismissed by President Costa Gomes. | ||||||||
| 104 | José Baptista Pinheiro de Azevedo | |||||||
| (1917–1983) | 19 September | |||||||
| 1975 | 23 June | |||||||
| 1976 | Independent | Prov. VI | ||||||
| — | ||||||||
| Admiral; Signature of the declaration of independence of Angola and official end of the Portuguese Colonial War; November 1975 Parliament siege; Coup of 25 November 1975; Approval of the new Constitution. | ||||||||
| — | Vasco Fernando Leotte de Almeida e Costa | |||||||
| (1932–2010) | ||||||||
| interim | 23 June | |||||||
| 1976 | 23 July | |||||||
| 1976 | Independent | (Prov. VI) | ||||||
| — | ||||||||
| Minister of Internal Administration under Pinheiro de Azevedo; Becomes interim Prime Minister when Azevedo suffered a heart attack. | ||||||||
| Socialist Party (Portugal)}}; color:white;" | 105 | [[File:Mário Soares par Claude Truong-Ngoc 1978.png | 70px]] | Mário Alberto Nobre Lopes Soares | ||||
| (1924–2017) | 23 July | |||||||
| 1976 | 28 August | |||||||
| 1978 | Socialist | I | António Ramalho Eanes | |||||
| [[File:Coat of arms of Portugal (Lesser).svg | 70px]] | |||||||
| (1976–1986) | ||||||||
| II | ||||||||
| 1976 | ||||||||
| First democratically appointed prime minister; 1976-1978 economic crisis; International Monetary Fund loan; Submission of the candidacy of Portugal to the EEC; 1977 motion of confidence defeat; Government dismissed by President Eanes after disagreements between PS and CDS. | ||||||||
| 106 | Alfredo Jorge Nobre da Costa | |||||||
| (1923–1996) | 28 August | |||||||
| 1978 | 22 November | |||||||
| 1978 | Independent | III | ||||||
| — | ||||||||
| Appointed by Presidential nomination. Resigned after his cabinet failed to gain Parliamentary support. | ||||||||
| 107 | Carlos Alberto da Mota Pinto | |||||||
| (1936–1985) | 22 November | |||||||
| 1978 | 1 August | |||||||
| 1979 | Independent | IV | ||||||
| — | ||||||||
| Appointed by Presidential nomination; Resigned after failure to pass policies in Parliament. | ||||||||
| 108 | [[File:Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo (1986) (cropped).jpg | 70px]] | Maria de Lourdes Ruivo da Silva de Matos Pintasilgo | |||||
| (1930–2004) | 1 August | |||||||
| 1979 | 3 January | |||||||
| 1980 | Independent | V | ||||||
| — | ||||||||
| Appointed by Presidential nomination. First and only female Prime Minister of Portugal; Foundation of the NHS (National Health Service). | ||||||||
| Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}}; color:white;" | 109 | [[File:Francisco Sá Carneiro.jpg | 70px]] | Francisco Manuel Lumbrales de Sá Carneiro | ||||
| (1934–1980) | 3 January | |||||||
| 1980 | 4 December | |||||||
| 1980 (died) | Social Democratic | VI | ||||||
| 1979, 1980 | ||||||||
| First centre-right prime minister since the Revolution; 1980 Azores Islands earthquake; Died in a plane crash. The accident triggered a number of conspiracy theories. | ||||||||
| Democratic and Social Centre – People´s Party}}; color:white;" | — | [[File:Professor Doutor Diogo Freitas do Amaral.png | 70px]] | Diogo Pinto de Freitas do Amaral | ||||
| (1941–2019) | ||||||||
| interim | 4 December | |||||||
| 1980 | 9 January | |||||||
| 1981 | Democratic and Social Centre | (VI) | ||||||
| — | ||||||||
| Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister under Francisco Sá Carneiro; interim Prime Minister upon Sá Carneiro's death. | ||||||||
| Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}}; color:white;" | 110 | [[File:Francisco Pinto Balsemão 1982 (cropped).jpg | 70px]] | Francisco José Pereira Pinto Balsemão | ||||
| (1937–2025) | 9 January | |||||||
| 1981 | 9 June | |||||||
| 1983 | Social Democratic | VII | ||||||
| VIII | ||||||||
| — | ||||||||
| 1982 constitutional revision; Abolition of the Revolutionary Council; Creation of the Constitutional Court; First general strike in democracy; Resigned after a poor result in the 1982 local elections. | ||||||||
| Socialist Party (Portugal)}}; color:white;" | 111 | [[File:Mário Soares par Claude Truong-Ngoc 1978.png | 70px]] | Mário Alberto Nobre Lopes Soares | ||||
| (1924–2017) | ||||||||
| (2nd time) | 9 June | |||||||
| 1983 | 6 November | |||||||
| 1985 | Socialist | IX | ||||||
| 1983 | ||||||||
| Central Bloc (PS/PSD) coalition; Portugal's entry to the EEC; Dona Branca scandal; 1983-1985 economic crisis; International Monetary Fund loan; Moimenta-Alcafache train crash; Resigned after the Central Bloc coalition split. | ||||||||
| Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}}; color:white;" | 112 | [[File:Cavaco Silva 1988.png | 70px]] | Aníbal António Cavaco Silva | ||||
| (born 1939) | 6 November | |||||||
| 1985 | 28 October | |||||||
| 1995 | Social Democratic | X | ||||||
| XI | Mário Soares | |||||||
| [[File:Coat of arms of Portugal (Lesser).svg | 70px]] | |||||||
| (1986–1996) | ||||||||
| XII | ||||||||
| 1985, 1987, 1991 | ||||||||
| Longest serving prime minister in democracy and 3rd longest in Portuguese history; economic expansion; privatization of many previously government-owned industries; 1987 motion of no confidence; First time a single party won an absolute majority since the revolution; Chiado 1988 fire; 1989 and 1992 constitutional revisions; "Secos e molhados" police protests; Signing of the Maastricht Treaty; End of the Cold War; Bicesse Accords; Gulf War; 1992 Portuguese Presidency of the Council of the European Union; Legalization of private TV channels; Early 1990s recession; Riots against tolls on 25 April Bridge. | ||||||||
| Socialist Party (Portugal)}}; color:white;" | 113 | [[File:Guterres EP 2000 (cropped).jpg | 70px]] | António Manuel de Oliveira Guterres | ||||
| (born 1949) | 28 October | |||||||
| 1995 | 6 April | |||||||
| 2002 | Socialist | XIII | ||||||
| XIV | Jorge Sampaio | |||||||
| [[File:Coat of arms of Portugal (Lesser).svg | 70px]] | |||||||
| (1996–2006) | ||||||||
| 1995, 1999 | ||||||||
| Economic expansion; Expo 98; 1998 Abortion and Regionalisation referendums; 1998 Azores Islands earthquake; Macau handover; East Timor issue; 1997 and 2001 constitutional revisions; 2000 Portuguese Presidency of the Council of the European Union; Hintze Ribeiro Bridge disaster; Decriminalization of drug use; Portugal joins the European single currency; Resigned after a poor result in the 2001 local elections. | ||||||||
| Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}}; color:white;" | 114 | [[File:Barroso EC Portrait 2005 (cropped).jpg | 70px]] | José Manuel Durão Barroso | ||||
| (born 1956) | 6 April | |||||||
| 2002 | 17 July | |||||||
| 2004 | Social Democratic | XV | ||||||
| 2002 | ||||||||
| Prestige disaster; 2003 Portuguese wildfires; Casa Pia child sexual abuse scandal; Iraq War; UEFA Euro 2004; 2004 constitutional revision; Resigned to become President of the European Commission. | ||||||||
| Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}}; color:white;" | 115 | Pedro Miguel de Santana Lopes | ||||||
| (born 1956) | 17 July | |||||||
| 2004 | 12 March | |||||||
| 2005 | Social Democratic | XVI | ||||||
| — | ||||||||
| Mayor of Lisbon (2002–2004, 2005). Replaced José Manuel Barroso as Prime Minister; Resigned due to the dissolution of Parliament by President Sampaio. | ||||||||
| Socialist Party (Portugal)}}; color:white;" | 116 | [[File:José Sócrates 2006 (cropped).jpg | 70px]] | José Sócrates de Carvalho Pinto de Sousa | ||||
| (born 1957) | 12 March | |||||||
| 2005 | 21 June | |||||||
| 2011 | Socialist | XVII | ||||||
| XVIII | Aníbal Cavaco Silva | |||||||
| [[File:Coat of arms of Portugal (Lesser).svg | 70px]] | |||||||
| (2006–2016) | ||||||||
| 2005, 2009 | ||||||||
| First time the Socialist Party won an absolute majority; 2005 constitutional revision; 2005 Portuguese wildfires; 2007 Abortion referendum; 2007 Portuguese Presidency of the Council of the European Union; Treaty of Lisbon; Independente affair; Face Oculta scandal; Nationalization of BPN; Same-sex marriage legislation; 2010 Madeira floods and mudslides; 2011 Portuguese protests; 2010–2014 Portuguese financial crisis; Resigned after failure to pass austerity measures in Parliament. | ||||||||
| Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}}; color:white;" | 117 | [[File:Pedro Passos Coelho 2014 (cropped).jpg | 70px]] | Pedro Manuel Mamede Passos Coelho | ||||
| (born 1964) | 21 June | |||||||
| 2011 | 26 November | |||||||
| 2015 | Social Democratic | XIX | ||||||
| XX | ||||||||
| 2011, 2015 | ||||||||
| 2010–2014 Portuguese financial crisis; 2011 Portuguese IMF/ECB bailout; Secret Services and Ongoing espionage scandal; 15 September 2012 mass protests; European Fiscal Union approval; 2013 governmental crisis and reshuffle; 2014 Banco Espírito Santo bankruptcy and money laundering scandal; Arrest of former Prime Minister José Sócrates; Won the 2015 election but lost his majority; Defeated in a vote of no confidence and removed from office. | ||||||||
| Socialist Party (Portugal)}}; color:white;" | 118 | [[File:António Costa- 2017 - Web Summit - 24778904437 (cropped).jpg | 70px]] | António Luís Santos da Costa | ||||
| (born 1961) | 26 November | |||||||
| 2015 | 2 April | |||||||
| 2024 | Socialist | XXI | ||||||
| XXII | Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa | |||||||
| [[File:Coat of arms of Portugal (Lesser).svg | 70px]] | |||||||
| (2016–present) | ||||||||
| XXIII | ||||||||
| 2019, 2022 | ||||||||
| First Prime Minister from the second largest party in the elections; Formed a parliamentary agreement with BE, PCP and PEV; June 2017 Portugal wildfires; Tancos arms theft scandal; October 2017 Iberian wildfires; COVID-19 pandemic; 2020 stock market crash and subsequent recession; 2021 Portuguese Presidency of the Council of the European Union; 2021–2023 inflation surge; Resigned following the Operation Influencer corruption investigation. | ||||||||
| Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}}; color:white;" | 119 | [[File:Luís Montenegro, 2025.06.26 (01) (cropped).jpg | 70px]] | Luís Filipe Montenegro Cardoso de Morais Esteves | ||||
| (born 1973) | 2 April | |||||||
| 2024 | Incumbent | Social Democratic | XXIV | |||||
| XXV | ||||||||
| 2024, 2025 | ||||||||
| Minority governments led by the Democratic Alliance coalition; 2024 Portugal wildfires; 2024 Greater Lisbon riots; Spinumviva case; 2025 motion of confidence defeat; 2025 Iberian Peninsula blackout; 2025 Ascensor da Glória derailment; 2025 Portuguese general strike; 2026 Storm Kristin impact. |
Timeline
ImageSize = width:1300 height:auto barincrement:17 PlotArea = top:30 bottom:145 right:130 left:3 AlignBars = late
Colors = id:canvas value:rgb(0.97,0.97,0.97)
id:IND value:rgb(0.50,0.50,0.50) legend:None_(Independent) id:CHA value:rgb(0.063,0.376,0.686) legend:Chartist id:CHAM value:rgb(0.063,0.376,0.686) legend:Chamorro id:SEP value:rgb(1,0.647,0.0) legend:Septemberist id:REG value:rgb(0.063,0.376,0.686) legend:Regenerator id:HIS value:rgb(0.937,0.110,0.153) legend:Historic id:REF value:rgb(0.937,0.110,0.153) legend:Reformist id:PRO value:rgb(0.937,0.110,0.153) legend:Progressist id:PRL value:rgb(0,0.28,0.67) legend:Liberal_Regenerator id:PR value:rgb(0.04,0.85,0.31) legend:Republican id:PD value:rgb(0.945,0.475,0.475) legend:Democratic id:SU value:rgb(0.404,0.184,0.424) legend:Sacred_Union_(Evolutionist) id:PNR value:rgb(0.29,0.27,0.16) legend:National_Republican/Sidonist id:PLR value:rgb(0,0,0.55) legend:Republican_Liberal id:PRRN value:rgb(0.0,0.388,0.714) legend:Reconstitution id:PRN value:rgb(0.153,0.651,0.886) legend:Nationalist_Republican id:PRED value:rgb(0.886,0.345,0.133) legend:Democratic_Left-wing_Republican id:UN/ANP value:rgb(0,0.28,0.67) legend:National_Union/Popular_National_Action id:PS value:rgb(1,0.40,1) legend:Socialist id:PSD value:rgb(1,0.60,0) legend:Social_Democratic id:CDS-PP value:blue legend:CDS_-_People's_Party
id:gray1 value:gray(0.8) id:gray2 value:gray(0.9) id:grid value:gray(0.5)
DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy Period = from:01/01/1834 till: TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMajor = gridcolor:gray1 unit:year increment:10 start:1835 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:gray2 unit:year increment:1 start:1834
Legend = columns:1 left:150 top:110 columnwidth:230
TextData = pos:(20,115) textcolor:black fontsize:M text:"Political parties:"
BarData = barset:PM
bar:Country
bar:PedrodeSousaHolstein bar:VitórioMariaFranciscodeSousaCoutinhoTeixeiradeAndradeBarbosa bar:JoãoOliveiraeDaun bar:JoséJorgeLoureiro bar:AntónioJoséSeverimdeNoronha bar:JosédaGamaCarneiroeSousa bar:JoséBernardinodePortugaleCastro bar:BernardodeSáNogueiradeFigueiredo bar:AntónioDiasdeOliveira bar:RodrigoPintoPizarrodeAlmeidaCarvalhais bar:JoséTravassosValdez bar:JoaquimAntóniodeAguiar bar:AntónioBernardodaCostaCabral bar:NunoJoséSeverodeMendonçaRolimdeMouraBarreto bar:AntónioJosédeÁvila bar:AntónioMariadeFontesPereiradeMelo bar:AnselmoJoséBraamcamp bar:AntónioRodriguesSampaio bar:JoséLucianodeCastro bar:AntóniodeSerpaPimentel bar:JoãoCrisóstomodeAbreueSousa bar:JoséDiasFerreira bar:ErnestoRodolfoHintzeRibeiro bar:JoãoFranco bar:FranciscoJoaquimFerreiradoAmaral bar:ArturAlbertodeCamposHenriques bar:SebastiãoCustódiodeSousaTeles bar:VenceslaudeSousaPereiradeLima bar:FranciscoAntóniodaVeigaBeirão bar:AntónioTeixeiradeSousa bar:TeófiloBraga bar:JoãoPinheiroChagas bar:AugustoCésardeAlmeidadeVasconcelosCorreia bar:DuarteLeitePereiradaSilva bar:AfonsoCosta bar:BernardinoMachado bar:VítorHugodeAzevedoCoutinho bar:JoaquimPimentadeCastro bar:JuntaConstitucional bar:JoséRibeirodeCastro bar:AntónioJosédeAlmeida bar:NortondeMatos bar:SidónioPais bar:JoãodoCantoeCastro bar:JoãoTamagninideSousaBarbosa bar:JosédeMascarenhasRelvas bar:DomingosLeitePereira bar:AlfredoErnestodeSáCardoso bar:FranciscoJoséFernandesCosta bar:AntónioMariaBaptista bar:JoséRamosPreto bar:AntónioMariadaSilva bar:AntónioJoaquimGranjo bar:ÁlvaroXavierdeCastro bar:LiberatoDamiãoRibeiroPinto bar:ToméJosédeBarrosQueirós bar:ManuelMariaCoelho bar:CarlosHenriquedaSilvaMaiaPinto bar:FranciscoPintodaCunhaLeal bar:AntónioGinestalMachado bar:AlfredoRodriguesGaspar bar:JoséDominguesdosSantos bar:VitorinoMáximodeCarvalhoGuimarães bar:MendesCabeçadas bar:GomesdaCosta bar:ÓscarCarmona bar:VicentedeFreitas bar:IvensFerraz bar:CostaOliveira bar:OliveiraSalazar bar:MarcelloCaetano bar:JuntadeSalvaçãoNacional bar:PalmaCarlos bar:VascoGonçalves bar:PinheirodeAzevedo bar:AlmeidaeCosta bar:MárioSoares bar:NobredaCosta bar:MotaPinto bar:MariadeLourdesPintasilgo bar:SáCarneiro bar:FreitasdoAmaral bar:PintoBalsemão bar:CavacoSilva bar:AntónioGuterres bar:DurãoBarroso bar:SantanaLopes bar:JoséSocrates bar:PedroPassosCoelho bar:AntónioCosta bar:LuísMontenegro
Define $dy2 = 20 Define $centerpos1 = align:center shift:(0,$dy2)
Define $dy3 = 32 Define $centerpos2 = align:center shift:(0,$dy3)
LineData = at: 24/09/1834 color:grid layer:front width:0.1 at: 05/10/1910 color:grid layer:back width:0.1 at: 30/05/1926 color:grid layer:back width:0.1 at: 05/07/1932 color:grid layer:back width:0.1 at: 25/04/1974 color:grid layer:back width:0.1
PlotData = width:5 align:left fontsize:S shift:(5,-4) anchor:till barset:PM
bar:PedrodeSousaHolstein from:24/09/1834 till:04/05/1835 color:CHA from:07/02/1842 till:09/02/1842 color:IND from:20/05/1846 till:06/10/1846 color:CHA text:"Duke of Palmela" fontsize:10 bar:VitórioMariaFranciscodeSousaCoutinhoTeixeiradeAndradeBarbosa from:04/05/1835 till:27/05/1835 color:CHAM text:"Count of Linhares" fontsize:10 bar:JoãoOliveiraeDaun from:27/05/1835 till:18/11/1835 color:IND from:06/10/1846 till:18/06/1849 color:CHA from:01/05/1851 till:06/06/1856 color:REG from:19/05/1870 till:29/08/1870 color:REG text:"Duke of Saldanha" fontsize:10 bar:JoséJorgeLoureiro from:18/11/1835 till:20/04/1836 color:IND text:"Loureiro" fontsize:10 bar:AntónioJoséSeverimdeNoronha from:20/04/1836 till:10/09/1836 color:CHAM from:26/04/1851 till:01/05/1851 color:REG from:17/03/1859 till:01/05/1860 color:REG text:"Duke of Terceira" fontsize:10 bar:JosédaGamaCarneiroeSousa from:10/09/1836 till:04/11/1836 color:SEP text:"Count of Lumiares" fontsize:10 bar:JoséBernardinodePortugaleCastro from:04/11/1836 till:05/11/1836 color:IND text:"Marquis of Valença" fontsize:10 bar:BernardodeSáNogueiradeFigueiredo from:05/11/1836 till:01/06/1837 color:SEP from:02/08/1837 till:18/04/1839 color:SEP from:17/04/1865 till:04/09/1865 color:REF from:22/07/1868 till:11/08/1869 color:REF from:29/08/1870 till:29/10/1870 color:REF text:"Marquis of Sá da Bandeira" fontsize:10 bar:AntónioDiasdeOliveira from:01/06/1837 till:02/08/1837 color:SEP text:"Dias de Oliveira" fontsize:10 bar:RodrigoPintoPizarrodeAlmeidaCarvalhais from:18/04/1839 till:26/11/1839 color:SEP text:"Baron of Ribeira de Sabrosa" fontsize:10 bar:JoséTravassosValdez from:26/11/1839 till:09/06/1841 color:SEP text:"Count of Bonfim" fontsize:10 bar:JoaquimAntóniodeAguiar from:09/06/1841 till:07/02/1842 color:SEP from:01/05/1860 till:04/07/1860 color:REG from:04/09/1865 till:04/01/1868 color:REG text:"António de Aguiar" fontsize:10 bar:AntónioBernardodaCostaCabral from:09/02/1842 till:20/05/1846 color:CHA from:18/06/1849 till:26/04/1851 color:CHA text:"Costa Cabral" fontsize:10 bar:NunoJoséSeverodeMendonçaRolimdeMouraBarreto from:06/06/1856 till:17/03/1859 color:HIS from:04/07/1860 till:17/04/1865 color:HIS from:11/08/1869 till:19/05/1870 color:HIS text:"Duke of Loulé" fontsize:10 bar:AntónioJosédeÁvila from:04/01/1868 till:22/07/1868 color:IND from:29/10/1870 till:13/09/1871 color:REF from:06/03/1877 till:26/01/1878 color:REF text:"Duke of Ávila" fontsize:10 bar:AntónioMariadeFontesPereiradeMelo from:13/09/1871 till:06/03/1877 color:REG from:26/01/1878 till:29/05/1879 color:REG from:14/11/1881 till:16/02/1886 color:REG text:"Fontes Pereira de Melo" fontsize:10 bar:AnselmoJoséBraamcamp from:29/05/1879 till:23/03/1881 color:PRO text:"Braamcamp" fontsize:10 bar:AntónioRodriguesSampaio from:23/03/1881 till:14/11/1881 color:REG text:"Rodrigues Sampaio" fontsize:10 bar:JoséLucianodeCastro from:16/02/1886 till:14/01/1890 color:PRO from:05/02/1897 till:26/07/1900 color:PRO from:20/10/1904 till:19/03/1906 color:PRO text:"Luciano de Castro" fontsize:10 bar:AntóniodeSerpaPimentel from:14/01/1890 till:11/10/1890 color:REG text:"Serpa Pimentel" fontsize:10 bar:JoãoCrisóstomodeAbreueSousa from:11/10/1890 till:18/01/1892 color:IND text:"João Crisóstomo" fontsize:10 bar:JoséDiasFerreira from:18/01/1892 till:22/02/1893 color:IND text:"Dias Ferreira" fontsize:10 bar:ErnestoRodolfoHintzeRibeiro from:22/02/1893 till:05/02/1897 color:REG from:26/07/1900 till:20/10/1904 color:REG from:19/03/1906 till:19/05/1906 color:REG text:"Hintze Ribeiro" fontsize:10 bar:JoãoFranco from:19/05/1906 till:04/02/1908 color:PRL text:"João Franco" fontsize:10 bar:FranciscoJoaquimFerreiradoAmaral from:04/02/1908 till:26/12/1908 color:IND text:"Ferreira do Amaral" fontsize:10 bar:ArturAlbertodeCamposHenriques from:26/12/1908 till:11/04/1909 color:IND text:"Campos Henriques" fontsize:10 bar:SebastiãoCustódiodeSousaTeles from:11/04/1909 till:14/05/1909 color:IND text:"Sousa Teles" fontsize:10 bar:VenceslaudeSousaPereiradeLima from:14/05/1909 till:22/12/1909 color:IND text:"Venceslau de Lima" fontsize:10 bar:FranciscoAntóniodaVeigaBeirão from:22/12/1909 till:26/06/1910 color:REG text:"Veiga Beirão" fontsize:10 bar:AntónioTeixeiradeSousa from:26/06/1910 till:05/10/1910 color:REG text:"Teixeira de Sousa" fontsize:10 width:5 align:left fontsize:S shift:(5,-4) anchor:till bar:TeófiloBraga from:05/10/1910 till:24/08/1911 color:PR text:"Teófilo Braga" fontsize:10 bar:JoãoPinheiroChagas from:04/09/1911 till:13/11/1911 color:PR from:15/05/1915 till:17/05/1915 color:IND text:"João Chagas" fontsize:10 bar:AugustoCésardeAlmeidadeVasconcelosCorreia from:13/11/1911 till:16/06/1912 color:PR from:23/09/1912 till:30/09/1912 color:PR text:"Augusto de Vasconcelos" fontsize:10 bar:DuarteLeitePereiradaSilva from:16/06/1912 till:23/09/1912 color:PR from:23/09/1912 till:09/01/1913 color:PR text:"Duarte Leite" fontsize:10 bar:AfonsoCosta from:09/01/1913 till:09/02/1914 color:PD from:29/11/1915 till:16/03/1916 color:PD from:25/04/1917 till:07/10/1917 color:PD from:25/10/1917 till:17/11/1917 color:PD text:"Afonso Costa" fontsize:10 bar:BernardinoMachado from:09/02/1914 till:12/12/1914 color:PD from:02/03/1921 till:23/05/1921 color:PD text:"Bernardino Machado" fontsize:10 bar:VítorHugodeAzevedoCoutinho from:12/12/1914 till:28/01/1915 color:PD text:"Azevedo Coutinho" fontsize:10 bar:JoaquimPimentadeCastro from:28/01/1915 till:14/05/1915 color:IND text:"Pimenta de Castro" fontsize:10 bar:JuntaConstitucional from:14/05/1915 till:15/05/1915 color:IND text:"Constitucional Junta" fontsize:10 bar:JoséRibeirodeCastro from:17/05/1915 till:29/11/1915 color:PD text:"José de Castro" fontsize:10 bar:AntónioJosédeAlmeida from:16/03/1916 till:25/04/1917 color:SU text:"António José de Almeida" fontsize:10 bar:NortondeMatos from:07/10/1917 till:25/10/1917 color:PD from:17/11/1917 till:08/12/1917 color:PD text:"José Norton de Matos (interim)" fontsize:10 bar:SidónioPais from:08/12/1917 till:14/12/1918 color:PNR text:"Sidónio Pais" fontsize:10 bar:JoãodoCantoeCastro from:14/12/1918 till:23/12/1918 color:PNR text:"Canto e Castro" fontsize:10 bar:JoãoTamagninideSousaBarbosa from:23/12/1918 till:27/01/1919 color:PNR text:"Tamagnini Barbosa" fontsize:10 bar:JosédeMascarenhasRelvas from:27/01/1919 till:30/03/1919 color:IND text:"José Relvas" fontsize:10 bar:DomingosLeitePereira from:30/03/1919 till:30/06/1919 color:IND from:21/01/1920 till:08/03/1920 color:IND from:01/08/1925 till:18/12/1925 color:PD text:"Domingos Pereira" fontsize:10 bar:AlfredoErnestodeSáCardoso from:30/06/1919 till:15/01/1920 color:PD from:15/01/1920 till:21/01/1920 color:PD text:"Sá Cardoso" fontsize:10 bar:FranciscoJoséFernandesCosta from:15/01/1920 till:15/01/1920 color:PLR text:"Fernandes Costa" fontsize:10 bar:AntónioMariaBaptista from:08/03/1920 till:06/06/1920 color:PD text:"António Maria Baptista" fontsize:10 bar:JoséRamosPreto from:06/06/1920 till:26/06/1920 color:PD text:"Ramos Preto" fontsize:10 bar:AntónioMariadaSilva from:26/06/1920 till:19/07/1920 color:PD from:07/02/1922 till:15/11/1923 color:PD from:01/07/1925 till:01/08/1925 color:PD from:18/12/1925 till:30/05/1926 color:PD text:"António Maria da Silva" fontsize:10 bar:AntónioJoaquimGranjo from:19/07/1920 till:20/11/1920 color:PLR from:30/08/1921 till:19/10/1921 color:PLR text:"Granjo" fontsize:10 bar:ÁlvaroXavierdeCastro from:20/11/1920 till:30/11/1920 color:PRRN from:18/12/1923 till:07/07/1924 color:PRN text:"Álvaro de Castro" fontsize:10 bar:LiberatoDamiãoRibeiroPinto from:30/11/1920 till:02/03/1921 color:PD text:"Liberato Pinto" fontsize:10 bar:ToméJosédeBarrosQueirós from:23/05/1921 till:30/08/1921 color:PLR text:"Barros Queirós" fontsize:10 bar:ManuelMariaCoelho from:19/10/1921 till:05/11/1921 color:IND text:"Coelho" fontsize:10 bar:CarlosHenriquedaSilvaMaiaPinto from:05/11/1921 till:16/12/1921 color:IND text:"Maia Pinto" fontsize:10 bar:FranciscoPintodaCunhaLeal from:16/12/1921 till:07/02/1922 color:IND text:"Cunha Leal" fontsize:10 bar:AntónioGinestalMachado from:15/11/1923 till:18/12/1923 color:PRN text:"Ginestal Machado" fontsize:10 bar:AlfredoRodriguesGaspar from:07/07/1924 till:22/11/1924 color:PD text:"Rodrigues Gaspar" fontsize:10 bar:JoséDominguesdosSantos from:22/11/1924 till:15/02/1925 color:PRED text:"Domingues dos Santos" fontsize:10 bar:VitorinoMáximodeCarvalhoGuimarães from:15/02/1925 till:01/07/1925 color:PD text:"Vitorino Guimarães" fontsize:10 bar:MendesCabeçadas from:30/05/1926 till:19/06/1926 color:IND text:"Mendes Cabeçadas" fontsize:10 bar:GomesdaCosta from:19/06/1926 till:09/07/1926 color:IND text:"Gomes da Costa" fontsize:10 bar:ÓscarCarmona from:09/07/1926 till:18/04/1928 color:IND text:"Óscar Carmona" fontsize:10 bar:VicentedeFreitas from:18/04/1928 till:08/07/1929 color:IND text:"Vicente de Freitas" fontsize:10 bar:IvensFerraz from:08/07/1929 till:21/01/1930 color:IND text:"Ivens Ferraz" fontsize:10 bar:CostaOliveira from:21/01/1930 till:06/07/1932 color:UN/ANP text:"Costa Oliveira" fontsize:10 bar:OliveiraSalazar from:05/07/1932 till:25/09/1968 color:UN/ANP text:"Salazar" fontsize:10 bar:MarcelloCaetano from:26/09/1968 till:25/04/1974 color:UN/ANP text:"Caetano" fontsize:10 bar:JuntadeSalvaçãoNacional from:25/04/1974 till:16/05/1974 color:IND text:"National Salvation Junta" fontsize:10 bar:PalmaCarlos from:16/05/1974 till:18/07/1974 color:IND text:"Palma Carlos" fontsize:10 bar:VascoGonçalves from:18/07/1974 till:19/09/1975 color:IND text:"Vasco Gonçalves" fontsize:10 bar:PinheirodeAzevedo from:19/09/1975 till:23/06/1976 color:IND text:"Pinheiro de Azevedo" fontsize:10 bar:AlmeidaeCosta from:23/06/1976 till:23/07/1976 color:IND text:"Almeida e Costa (interim)" fontsize:10 bar:MárioSoares from:23/07/1976 till:28/08/1978 color:PS from:09/06/1983 till:06/11/1985 color:PS text:"Soares" fontsize:10 bar:NobredaCosta from:28/08/1978 till:22/11/1978 color:IND text:"Nobre da Costa" fontsize:10 bar:MotaPinto from:22/11/1978 till:01/08/1979 color:IND text:"Mota Pinto" fontsize:10 bar:MariadeLourdesPintasilgo from:01/08/1979 till:03/01/1980 color:IND text:"Pintasilgo" fontsize:10 bar:SáCarneiro from:03/01/1980 till:04/12/1980 color:PSD text:"Sá Carneiro" fontsize:10 bar:FreitasdoAmaral from:04/12/1980 till:09/01/1981 color:CDS-PP text:"Freitas do Amaral (interim)" fontsize:10 bar:PintoBalsemão from:09/01/1981 till:09/06/1983 color:PSD text:"Balsemão" fontsize:10 bar:CavacoSilva from:06/11/1985 till:28/10/1995 color:PSD text:"Cavaco Silva" fontsize:10 bar:AntónioGuterres from:28/10/1995 till:06/04/2002 color:PS text:"Guterres" fontsize:10 bar:DurãoBarroso from:06/04/2002 till:17/07/2004 color:PSD text:"Durão Barroso" fontsize:10 bar:SantanaLopes from:17/07/2004 till:12/03/2005 color:PSD text:"Santana Lopes" fontsize:10 bar:JoséSocrates from:12/03/2005 till:21/06/2011 color:PS text:"Sócrates" fontsize:10 bar:PedroPassosCoelho from:21/06/2011 till:25/11/2015 color:PSD text:"Passos Coelho" fontsize:10 bar:AntónioCosta from:25/11/2015 till:02/04/2024 color:PS text:"Costa" fontsize:10 bar:LuísMontenegro from:02/04/2024 till:end color:PSD text:"Montenegro" fontsize:10
bar:Country textcolor:black fontsize:S at:24/09/1872 $centerpos2 text:"Constitutional Monarchy" at:05/10/1918 $centerpos2 text:"1st Republic" fontsize:xs at:30/05/1929 $centerpos2 text:"Dictatorship" fontsize:xs at:05/07/1953 $centerpos2 text:"Estado Novo" at:25/04/1998 $centerpos2 text:"3rd Republic" at:24/09/1872 $centerpos1 text:"(1834–1910)" at:05/10/1918 $centerpos1 text:"(1910–1926)" fontsize:xs at:30/05/1929 $centerpos1 text:"(1926–1932)" fontsize:xs at:05/07/1953 $centerpos1 text:"(1932–1974)" at:25/04/1998 $centerpos1 text:"(1974–present)"
Notes
: Minority government
| Socialist Party (PS) and Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) coalition government.
| Democratic Alliance (AD) government, composed by the Social Democratic Party (PSD), Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) and the People's Monarchist Party (PPM).
| Socialist Party (PS) and the Social Democratic Party (PSD) coalition government.
| Social Democratic Party (PSD) and CDS – People's Party (CDS–PP) coalition government.
| Social Democratic Party (PSD) and CDS – People's Party (CDS–PP) coalition government.
| Social Democratic Party (PSD) and CDS – People's Party (CDS–PP) coalition government.
|Portugal Ahead (PàF) government, composed by the Social Democratic Party (PSD) and CDS – People's Party (CDS–PP).
|Democratic Alliance (AD) government, composed by the Social Democratic Party (PSD) and CDS – People's Party (CDS–PP).
References
References
This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.
Ask Mako anything about List of prime ministers of Portugal — get instant answers, deeper analysis, and related topics.
Research with MakoFree with your Surf account
Create a free account to save articles, ask Mako questions, and organize your research.
Sign up freeThis content may have been generated or modified by AI. CloudSurf Software LLC is not responsible for the accuracy, completeness, or reliability of AI-generated content. Always verify important information from primary sources.
Report