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Virginia's 1st congressional district

U.S. House district for Virginia

Field	Value
state	Virginia
district number	1
image name
image caption	Interactive map of district boundaries since 2023
representative	Rob Wittman
party	Republican
residence	Montross
distribution ref
percent urban	69.54
percent rural	30.46
population	823,798
population year	2024
median income	$100,817
percent white	70
percent hispanic	6
percent black	13
percent asian	6
percent more than one race	4
percent other race	1
cpvi	R+3

| percent more than one race = 4

Virginia's 1st congressional district from January 3, 2023

Virginia's first congressional district is a United States congressional district in the commonwealth of Virginia. It streches from the Richmond suburbs towards the Northern Neck and Middle Peninsula. The district encompasses the Historic Triangle of Jamestown, Williamsburg, and Yorktown. It has been represented by Republican Rob Wittman since 2007.

The district is sometimes referred to as "America's First District" since it includes the Historic Triangle of Jamestown, Williamsburg, and Yorktown. In the 18th and early 19th century, it comprised northwestern Virginia (that became Frederick County, Virginia as well as the Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia after the American Civil War). The district includes major military installations and has been represented by Republican Rob Wittman since 2007.

In 2016, the adjacent 3rd district was ruled unconstitutional. New districts have been drawn.

Recent district election results from statewide races

Year	Office	Results
2008	President	McCain 58% - 41%
Senate	Warner 57% - 42%
2009	Governor	McDonnell 70% - 30%
Lt. Governor	Bolling 67% - 33%
Attorney General	Cuccinelli 69% - 31%
2012	President	Romney 59% - 39%
Senate	Allen 57% - 42%
2013	Governor	Cuccinelli 53% - 36%
Lt. Governor	Jackson 51% - 48%
Attorney General	Obenshain 60% - 40%
	2014	Senate	Gillespie 58% - 39%
	2016	President	Trump 54% - 40%
2017	Governor	Gillespie 55% - 44%
Lt. Governor	Vogel 57% - 43%
Attorney General	Donley Adams 57% - 43%
	2018	Senate	Stewart 50% - 48%
2020	President	Trump 52% - 46%
Senate	Gade 53% - 47%
2021	Governor	Youngkin 58% - 41%
Lt. Governor	Earle-Sears 58% - 42%
Attorney General	Miyares 58% - 42%
2024	President	Trump 52% - 47%
Senate	Cao 52% - 48%
2025	Governor	Spanberger 51% - 49%
Lt. Governor	Reid 51% - 49%
Attorney General	Miyares 54% - 46%

Composition

For the 118th and successive Congresses (based on redistricting following the 2020 census), the district contains all or portions of the following counties and communities:

Chesterfield County (4)

: Bon Air, Brandermill, Midlothian, Woodlake Essex County (1) : Tappahannock

Gloucester County (2)

: Gloucester Courthouse, Gloucester Point

Hanover County (3)

: Ashland, Hanover, Mechanicsville

Henrico County (5)

: Glen Allen (part; also 4th), Innsbrook, Short Pump, Tuckahoe, Wyndham

James City County (0)

: No incorporated or census-recognized communities

King and Queen County (1)

: King and Queen Court House

King William County (3)

: All 3 communities

Lancaster County (5)

: All 5 communities

Mathews County (2)

: Gwynn, Mathews

Middlesex County (3)

: All 3 communities

New Kent County (1)

: New Kent

Northumberland County (1)

: Heathsville, Kilmarnock (shared with Lancaster County)

Richmond County (1)

: Warsaw

Westmoreland County (2)

: Colonial Beach, Montross

York County (2)

: Bethel Manor, Yorktown

Independent cities (2)

: Poquoson, Williamsburg

Historic district boundaries

The Virginia First District started in 1788 covering the counties of Berkeley, Frederick, Hampshire, Hardy, Harrison, Monongalia, Ohio, Randolph and Shenandoah. Of these only Shenandoah and Frederick Counties are in Virginia today; the rest are now part of West Virginia. The modern counties of Clarke, Warren and most of Page as well as the independent city of Winchester were included as part of Frederick and Shenandoah counties in 1788. In West Virginia all the current state north and east of a generalized line running from Wood County to Pocahontas County was in the congressional district. The one exception was that Pendleton County, West Virginia was in Virginia's 3rd congressional district.

In the redistribution which followed the 1850 census (in force 1853–1863), the First District comprised sixteen counties in eastern Virginia. The counties included (amongst others) Accomack, Essex, Gloucester, James City, King and Queen, Mathews, Middlesex, New Kent, Richmond, Warwick and Westmoreland. In an 1862 Union special election three out of the sixteen counties in the Union district supplied returns.

The First District is noted for its strong presence of military institutions, including the Naval Surface Warfare Center. Increasing numbers of military and retired voters have swung the district to the right.

Recent election results

List of members representing the district

Representative	Party	Years	Cong
ress	Electoral history
District established March 4, 1789
Alexander White
(Woodville)		Pro-Administration	nowrap	March 4, 1789 –
March 3, 1793		Elected in 1789.
Re-elected in 1790.
Lost re-election.
Robert Rutherford
(Charles Town)		Anti-Administration	nowrap	March 4, 1793 –
March 3, 1795		Elected in 1793.
Re-elected in 1795.
Lost re-election.
	Democratic-Republican	nowrap	March 4, 1795 –
March 3, 1797
[[File:DanielMorgan.jpeg	100px]]
Daniel Morgan
(Winchester)		Federalist	nowrap	March 4, 1797 –
March 3, 1799		Elected in 1797.
Retired.
Robert Page
(Frederick County)		Federalist	nowrap	March 4, 1799 –
March 3, 1801		Elected in 1799.
Retired.
[[File:John S. Smith, head-and-shoulders portrait, right profile LCCN2007675907.tif	100px]]
John Smith
(Hackwood)		Democratic-Republican	nowrap	March 4, 1801 –
March 3, 1803		Elected in 1801.
Redistricted to the .
[[File:Johngeorgejackson.jpg	100px]]
John G. Jackson
(Clarksburg)		Democratic-Republican	nowrap	March 4, 1803 –
September 28, 1810		Elected in 1803.
Re-elected in 1805.
Re-elected in 1807.
Re-elected in 1809.
Resigned.
Vacant	nowrap	September 29, 1810 –
December 20, 1810
William McKinley
(Ohio County)		Democratic-Republican	nowrap	December 21, 1810 –
March 3, 1811	Elected in to finish Jackson's term.
Lost re-election.
[[File:ThomasWilsonVA.jpg	100px]]
Thomas Wilson
(Morgantown)		Federalist	nowrap	March 4, 1811 –
March 3, 1813		Elected in 1811.
Lost re-election.
[[File:Johngeorgejackson.jpg	100px]]
John G. Jackson
(Clarksburg)		Democratic-Republican	nowrap	March 4, 1813 –
March 3, 1817		Elected in 1813.
Re-elected in 1815.
Retired.
James Pindall
(Clarksburg)		Federalist	nowrap	March 4, 1817 –
July 26, 1820		Elected in 1817.
Re-elected in 1819.
Resigned.
Vacant	nowrap	July 27, 1820 –
October 22, 1820
Edward B. Jackson
(Clarksburg)		Democratic-Republican	nowrap	October 23, 1820 –
March 3, 1823		Elected to finish Pindall's term.
Re-elected in 1821.
Retired.
[[File:Portrait of Thomas Newton, Jr. (1768-1847).jpg	100px]]
Thomas Newton Jr.
(Norfolk)		Democratic-Republican	nowrap	March 4, 1823 –
March 3, 1825		Redistricted from the and re-elected in 1823.
Re-elected in 1825.
Re-elected in 1827.
Election invalidated.
	Anti-Jacksonian	nowrap	March 4, 1825 –
March 9, 1830
George Loyall
(Norfolk)		Jackson	nowrap	March 9, 1830 –
March 3, 1831		Won election contest.
Lost re-election.
[[File:Portrait of Thomas Newton, Jr. (1768-1847).jpg	100px]]
Thomas Newton Jr.
(Norfolk)		Anti-Jacksonian	nowrap	March 4, 1831 –
March 3, 1833		Elected in 1831.
Retired.
George Loyall
(Norfolk)		Jackson	nowrap	March 4, 1833 –
March 3, 1837		Elected in 1833.
Re-elected in 1835.
Retired.
Francis Mallory
(Hampton)		Whig	nowrap	March 4, 1837 –
March 3, 1839		Elected in 1837.
Lost re-election.
[[File:Joel Holleman.jpg	100px]]
Joel Holleman
(Burwell Bay)		Democratic	nowrap	March 4, 1839 –
December 1, 1840		Elected in 1839.
Resigned.
Vacant	nowrap	December 2, 1840 –
December 27, 1840
Francis Mallory
(Hampton)		Whig	nowrap	December 28, 1840 –
March 3, 1843		Elected to finish Holleman's term.
Re-elected in 1841.
Retired.
100px
Archibald Atkinson
(Smithfield)		Democratic	nowrap	March 4, 1843 –
March 3, 1849		Elected in 1843.
Re-elected in 1845.
Re-elected in 1847.
Retired.
[[File:JohnMillson.jpg	100px]]
John S. Millson
(Norfolk)		Democratic	nowrap	March 4, 1849 –
March 3, 1853		Elected in 1849.
Re-elected in 1851.
Redistricted to the .
[[File:Thomas H. Bayly.jpg	100px]]
Thomas H. Bayly
(Accomac)		Democratic	nowrap	March 4, 1853 –
June 23, 1856		Elected in 1853.
Re-elected in 1855.
Died.
Vacant	nowrap	June 24, 1856 –
November 30, 1856
[[File:MuscoeRHGarnett.jpg	100px]]
Muscoe R. H. Garnett
(Loretto)		Democratic	nowrap	December 1, 1856 –
March 3, 1861		Elected to finish Bayly's term.
Re-elected in 1857.
Re-elected in 1859.
Retired.
Vacant	nowrap	March 4, 1861 –
October 24, 1861
[[File:Joseph Segar.jpg	100px]]
Joseph E. Segar
(Elizabeth City)		Unionist	nowrap	October 24, 1861 –
February 11, 1862	Elected in 1861.
Declared by the House to be not entitled to the seat.
Vacant	nowrap	February 11, 1862 –
March 16, 1862
[[File:Joseph Segar.jpg	100px]]
Joseph E. Segar
(Elizabeth City)		Unionist	nowrap	March 16, 1862 –
May 17, 1864		Elected to finish his own term.
Re-elected in 1863.
Declared by the House to be not entitled to the seat.
District inactive	nowrap	May 17, 1864 –
January 30, 1870		Civil War and Reconstruction
[[File:RichardSAyer.jpg	100px]]
Richard S. Ayer
(Warsaw)		Republican	nowrap	January 31, 1870 –
March 3, 1871		Elected to finish the short term.
Retired.
[[File:John Critchery.jpg	100px]]
John Critcher
(Oak Grove)		Democratic	nowrap	March 4, 1871 –
March 3, 1873		Elected in 1870.
Retired.
[[File:James Sener.jpg	100px]]
James B. Sener
(Fredericksburg)		Republican	nowrap	March 4, 1873 –
March 3, 1875		Elected in 1872.
Lost re-election.
[[File:BeverlyBDouglas.jpg	100px]]
Beverly B. Douglas
(Aylett)		Democratic	nowrap	March 4, 1875 –
December 22, 1878		Elected in 1874.
Re-elected in 1876.
Re-elected in 1878, but died before his term began.
Vacant	nowrap	December 23, 1878 –
January 22, 1879
[[File:Richard L. T. Beale - Brady-Handy.jpg	100px]]
Richard L. T. Beale
(Hague)		Democratic	nowrap	January 23, 1879 –
March 3, 1881		Elected to finish Douglas's term.
Retired.
George T. Garrison
(Accomac)		Democratic	nowrap	March 4, 1881 –
March 3, 1883		Elected in 1880.
Lost re-election.
[[File:Robert Murphy Mayo.jpg	100px]]
Robert M. Mayo
(Hague)		Readjuster	nowrap	March 4, 1883 –
March 20, 1884		Elected in 1882.
Election invalidated.
George T. Garrison
(Accomac)		Democratic	nowrap	March 20, 1884 –
March 3, 1885
Retired.
Thomas Croxton
(Tappahannock)		Democratic	nowrap	March 4, 1885 –
March 3, 1887		Elected in 1884.
Lost re-election.
[[File:Thomas H. B. Browne.jpg	100px]]
Thomas H. B. Browne
(Accomac)		Republican	nowrap	March 4, 1887 –
March 3, 1891		Elected in 1886.
Re-elected in 1888.
Lost re-election.
[[File:William Atkinson Jones later years.jpg	100px]]
William A. Jones
(Warsaw)		Democratic	nowrap	March 4, 1891 –
April 17, 1918		Elected in 1890.
Re-elected in 1892.
Re-elected in 1894.
Re-elected in 1896.
Re-elected in 1898.
Re-elected in 1900.
Re-elected in 1902.
Re-elected in 1904.
Re-elected in 1906.
Re-elected in 1908.
Re-elected in 1910.
Re-elected in 1912.
Re-elected in 1914.
Re-elected in 1916.
Died.
Vacant	nowrap	April 18, 1918 –
July 2, 1918
[[File:SOtisBland.jpg	100px]]
S. Otis Bland
(Newport News)		Democratic	nowrap	July 2, 1918 –
March 3, 1933		Elected to finish Jones's term.
Re-elected in 1918.
Re-elected in 1920.
Re-elected in 1922.
Re-elected in 1924.
Re-elected in 1926.
Re-elected in 1928.
Re-elected in 1930.
Redistricted to the .
District inactive	nowrap	March 4, 1933 –
January 3, 1935
[[File:SOtisBland.jpg	100px]]
S. Otis Bland
(Newport News)		Democratic	nowrap	January 3, 1935 –
February 16, 1950		Elected in 1934.
Re-elected in 1936.
Re-elected in 1938.
Re-elected in 1940.
Re-elected in 1942.
Re-elected in 1944.
Re-elected in 1946.
Re-elected in 1948.
Died.
Vacant	nowrap	February 16, 1950 –
May 2, 1950
[[File:Edward Robeson.jpg	100px]]
Edward J. Robeson Jr.
(Warwick)		Democratic	nowrap	May 2, 1950 –
January 3, 1959		Elected to finish Bland's term.
Re-elected in 1950.
Re-elected in 1952.
Re-elected in 1954.
Re-elected in 1956.
Lost renomination.
[[File:Thomas N. Downing.jpg	100px]]
Thomas N. Downing
(Newport News)		Democratic	nowrap	January 3, 1959 –
January 3, 1977		Elected in 1958.
Re-elected in 1960.
Re-elected in 1962.
Re-elected in 1964.
Re-elected in 1966.
Re-elected in 1968.
Re-elected in 1970.
Re-elected in 1972.
Re-elected in 1974.
Retired.
[[File:Paul Trible.jpg	100px]]
Paul Trible
(Newport News)		Republican	nowrap	January 3, 1977 –
January 3, 1983		Elected in 1976.
Re-elected in 1978.
Re-elected in 1980.
Retired to run for U.S. senator.
[[File:HerbertBateman.jpg	100px]]
Herbert H. Bateman
(Newport News)		Republican	nowrap	January 3, 1983 –
September 11, 2000		Elected in 1982.
Re-elected in 1984.
Re-elected in 1986.
Re-elected in 1988.
Re-elected in 1990.
Re-elected in 1992.
Re-elected in 1994.
Re-elected in 1996.
Re-elected in 1998.
Announced retirement, then died.
Vacant	nowrap	September 11, 2000 –
January 3, 2001
[[File:Jo ann davis 2.jpg	100px]]
Jo Ann Davis
(Gloucester)		Republican	nowrap	January 3, 2001 –
October 6, 2007		Elected in 2000.
Re-elected in 2002.
Re-elected in 2004.
Re-elected in 2006.
Died.
Vacant	nowrap	October 6, 2007 –
December 11, 2007
[[File:Rob Wittman 117th Congress.jpeg	100px]]
Rob Wittman
(Montross)		Republican	nowrap	December 11, 2007 –
present		Elected to finish Davis's term.
Re-elected in 2008.
Re-elected in 2010.
Re-elected in 2012.
Re-elected in 2014.
Re-elected in 2016.
Re-elected in 2018.
Re-elected in 2020.
Re-elected in 2022.
Re-elected in 2024.

References

Congressional Biographical Directory of the United States 1774–present

References

"Congressional Districts Relationship Files (state-based)". US Census Bureau Geography.
"My Congressional District". Center for New Media & Promotion (CNMP), US Census Bureau.
"My Congressional District".
"2025 Cook PVI℠: District Map and List (119th Congress)".
"Virginia Politics: Court orders redistricting". Daily Press.
Pathé, Simone. (2016-01-07). "Judges Select New Virginia Congressional Map". Rollcall.com.
"DRA 2020".
"Virginia - Congressional District 1 - Representative Robert J. Wittman".
Parsons, Stanley B., William W. Beach and Dan Hermann. ''United States Congressional Districts, 1788–1841'' (Westport: Greenwood Press, 1978) p. 7
[https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433081883278&seq=657 Statute of 20 November 1788]
"Virginia 1st District". National Journal Group Inc..
"December 11, 2007 Special Election Official Results".
"STATISTICS OF THE PRESIDENTIAL AND CONGRESSIONAL ELECTION OF November 4, 2008".
Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives. "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 2010".
"November 6, 2012 General Election Official Results". Virginia State Board of Elections.
"Election Results {{pipe}} Virginia Department of Elections".
"2016 November General". Results.elections.virginia.gov.
"2018 November General". Results.elections.virginia.gov.
(November 3, 2020). "Virginia Election Results: First Congressional District".
"November 5, 2024 General and Special Elections".
"Bioguide Search".

Info: Wikipedia Source

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