Circuit de la Sarthe

Track modifications

The road racing track, which was a triangle from Le Mans down south to Mulsanne, northwest to Arnage, and back north to Le Mans, has undergone many modifications over the years, with CIRCUIT N°15 being in use since 2018. Even with the modifications over the years, the Sarthe circuit remains very fast, with prototype cars achieving average lap speeds in excess of 240 km/h.

In the 1920s, the cars drove from the present pits on Rue de Laigné straight into the city, then took a sharp right-hand corner near the river Huisne Pontlieue bridge (a hairpin removed from the circuit in 1929). They left the city on the rather straight section now named Avenue Georges Durand after the race's founder. Then 17.261 km long and unpaved, a bypass within the city shortened the track in 1929. The city was bypassed completely in 1932 with the addition of the section from the pits via the Dunlop Bridge and the Esses to Tertre Rouge. This classic configuration was 13.492 km long and remained almost unaltered even after the 1955 tragedy. Its frighteningly narrow pit straight was further narrowed to make room for the pits and was part of the road itself, without the road becoming wider around the pits, and no separation. The pit straight then was about 12 ft wide, further widened in 1956 after the tragedy, but the race track and pits were not separated for another 15 years.

Car speeds increased dramatically in the 1960s, pushing the limits of the "classic circuit" and sparking criticism of the track as being unsafe after drivers died during trials. In 1965, a smaller Bugatti Circuit was added which shares the pit lane facilities and the first corner (including the famous Dunlop bridge) with the full "Le Mans" circuit. For the 1968 race, the Ford chicane was added before the pits to slow down the cars. The circuit was fitted with Armco barriers for the 1969 race. The "Maison Blanche" kink was particularly harrowing, claiming many cars over the years (including three Ferrari 512 variants) and several lives, including the legendary John Woolfe in 1969 behind the wheel of a Porsche 917. The circuit has been modified ten more times — 1971, a year when prototypes were averaging over 240 km/h, was the last year the classic circuit was used. That year, an Armco barrier was added to the pit straight to separate the track from the pits. In 1972, the race track was considerably revamped, at a cost of 300 million francs, with modification of the pit area and the first and final straights, the addition of the quick Porsche curves bypassing "Maison Blanche", the signalling area being moved to the exit of the slow Mulsanne corner, and the track being resurfaced.

In 1979, due to the construction of a new public road, the profile of "Tertre Rouge" had to be changed. This redesign led to a faster double-apex corner and saw the removal of the second Dunlop Bridge. In 1986, construction of a new roundabout at the Mulsanne corner demanded the addition a new portion of track in order to avoid the roundabout. This created a right hand kink before Mulsanne corner. In 1987, a chicane was added to the very fast Dunlop curve, where cars would go under the Dunlop bridge at 180 mph. Now they would be slowed to 110 mph.

Le Mans was most famous for its 6 km long straight, called Ligne Droite des Hunaudières, a part of the route départementale (for the Sarthe département) D338 (formerly Route Nationale N138). As the Hunaudières leads to the village of Mulsanne, it is often called the Mulsanne Straight in English, even though the proper Route du Mulsanne is the one from or to Arnage.

After exiting the Tertre Rouge corner, cars spent almost half of the lap at full throttle, before braking for Mulsanne Corner. The Porsche 917 long tail, used from 1969 to 1971, had reached 362 km/h. After engine size was limited, the top speed dropped until powerful turbo engines were allowed, like in the 1978 Porsche 935, which was clocked at 367 km/h. Speeds on the straight by the Group C prototypes reached over 400 km/h during the late 1980s. At the beginning of the 1988 24 Hours of Le Mans race, Roger Dorchy driving for Welter Racing in a "Project 400" car, which sacrificed reliability for speed, was clocked by radar travelling at 407 km/h. Jean-Louis Lafosse and Jo Gartner would ultimately suffer from fatal high speed accidents in 1981 and 1986, respectively, leading to concerns with the growing speeds on the 3.7 mi straight.

As the combination of high speed and high downforce caused tyre and engine failures, two roughly equally spaced chicanes were consequently added to the Mulsanne Straight before the 1990 race to limit the maximum achievable speed. The chicanes were also added because the FIA decreed it would no longer sanction a circuit which had a straight longer than 2 km, which is roughly the length of the Döttinger Höhe straight at the Nürburgring Nordschleife. The fastest qualifying lap average speed though only dropped from 249.826 to 243.329 km/h in 1992. In 1994, the Dunlop chicane was tightened.

In 2002, the run to the Esses was reconfigured in the wake of renovations to the Bugatti Circuit. The Le Mans circuit was changed between the Dunlop Bridge and Esses, with the straight now becoming a set of fast sweeping turns. This layout allowed for a better transition from the Le Mans circuit to the Bugatti circuit. This layout change would also require the track's infamous carnival to be moved near the Porsche curves, and in 2006, the ACO redeveloped the area between the Dunlop Curve and Tertre Rouge, moving the Dunlop Chicane in even tighter to create more run-off area, while also turning the area after the Dunlop Chicane into an even larger set of fast, sweeping turns, known as the Esses en route to Tertre Rouge. As part of the development, a new extended pit lane exit was created for the Bugatti Circuit. This second pit exit re-enters the track just beyond the Dunlop Chicane and before the Dunlop Bridge.

Following the fatal crash of Danish driver Allan Simonsen at the 2013 race at the exit of Tertre Rouge into D338, Tertre Rouge was re-profiled again. The radius was moved in approximately 200 m for safety reasons with new tyre barriers at the exit. The current version of the track has been in use since 2018.

Image:Circuit De La Sarthe map.JPG|An on site map of the circuit Image:Dunlop curves 2006 run off modifications.JPG|The area before the Dunlop bridge, modified for 2006 Image:Circuit de la Sarthe Ford Chicanes.jpg|The Ford Chicanes Image:Mulsanne Le Mans.jpg|A large portion of the track still consists of Sarthe Route Départementale D338. Image:Le Mans location map.jpg|Circuit location between Le Mans and Mulsanne, France

Layout evolution of Circuit de la Sarthe

File:Circuit-de-la-sarthe-1906-(openstreetmap).png|Circuit de la Sarthe (1906) File:Circuit-de-la-sarthe-1911-1913-(openstreetmap).png|Circuit de la Sarthe (1911–1913) File:Circuit-de-la-sarthe-1906-1921-(openstreetmap).png|Comparison of Circuit de la Sarthe layouts between 1906 and 1921 File:Circuit de la Sarthe Le Mans 1921-1928.png|Circuit de la Sarthe (1921–1928) File:Circuit de la Sarthe Le Mans 1929-1931.png|Circuit de la Sarthe (1929–1931) File:Circuit de La Sarthe Le Mans 1932-1967.png|Circuit de la Sarthe (1932–1967) File:Circuit de la Sarthe Le Mans 1968-1971.png|Circuit de la Sarthe (1968–1971) File:Circuit de la Sarthe Le Mans 1972-1978.png|Circuit de la Sarthe (1972–1978) File:Circuit de la Sarthe Le Mans 1979-1985.png|Circuit de la Sarthe (1979–1985) File:Circuit de la Sarthe Le Mans 1986.png|Circuit de la Sarthe (1986) File:Circuit de la Sarthe Le Mans 1987-1989.png|Circuit de la Sarthe (1987–1989) File:Circuit de la Sarthe Le Mans 1990-2001.png|Circuit de la Sarthe (1990–2001) File:Circuit de la Sarthe track map.svg|Circuit de la Sarthe (2002–present) File:Le Mans Circuit comparison.png|Layout evolution of Circuit de la Sarthe

Lap records

Fastest race laps of Circuit de la Sarthe

As of June 2025, the fastest official race lap records at the Circuit de la Sarthe for different classes are listed as:

Speed record

In 1988, Team WM Peugeot were well aware of their slim chance of winning the 24-hour endurance race outright, but they knew that their Welter Racing designed car had exceptional straight line aerodynamics. Thus they nicknamed their 1988 entry "Project 400" (aiming to be the first car to achieve a speed of 400 km/h on the famous straight), although the official team entry was named WM Secateva.

Roger Dorchy and Claude Haldi would be the drivers of car 51 while Pascal Pessiot and Jean-Daniel Raulet would drive the team's other car (#52). The latter lasted only 22 laps, and car 51 went into the pits around 17:00 in the afternoon with engine problems. After spending 3.5 hours in the pits, the team had the car back on the track and they decided to go for it. The plan worked: with Roger Dorchy behind the wheel the WM P87 achieved the speed of 407 km/h. The Peugeot retired shortly after that (on lap 59) with an overheating engine. By then it had outlasted two other Group C1 entrants.

Since Peugeot had just launched its new model 405, the team agreed to advertise the new record as "405". This has led to many people mistakenly stating the record as only 405 km/h, but Dorchy's best run down the Mulsanne straight was clocked at 407 km/h.

Bugatti Circuit

Ville du Mans Grand Prix motorcycle racing French motorcycle Grand Prix (1969–1970, 1976, 1979, 1983, 1985, 1987, 1989–1990, 1994–1995, 2000–present) Vitesse du Mans motorcycle Grand Prix (1991) FIM EWC 24 Hours of Le Mans Moto (1978–present) ETRC 24 Heures Camions Le Mans (2003–present) Sidecar World Championship (1969–1970, 1976, 1979, 1983, 1985, 1987, 1989–1991, 1995, 2007–2019, 2021–2022, 2024–present) Former: World SBK (1988, 1990) DTM (2006, 2008) World Series by Renault (2005–2006, 2008–2009, 2015) F3000 (1986–1991) Formula One French Grand Prix (1967)

Bugatti Circuit is a 4.185 km permanent race track located within Circuit des 24 Heures, constructed in 1965 and named after Ettore Bugatti. The circuit uses a part of the larger circuit and a separate, purpose-built section. The sections of track on the Bugatti Circuit that are on the Circuit des 24 Heures include the Ford Chicane at the end of the lap, the pit complex, and the straight where the Dunlop Tyres bridge is located. At this point in the overlapping section of the tracks there is a left-right sweep that was added for motorcycle safety in 2002. Vehicles turning to the left continue onto the Circuit des 24 Heures, toward Tertre Rouge and Mulsanne, vehicles turning to the right at La Chapelle will continue the Bugatti Circuit. The infield section features Garage Vert, a back straight, the 'S' du Garage Bleu, and Raccordement, which joins back at the Ford chicane.

The track was home base for Pescarolo Sport, founded by famous French driver Henri Pescarolo. The circuit currently hosts the 24 Hours of Le Mans motorcycle race, and a round of the MotoGP Championship. The circuit also holds French motor club races and in the past has hosted rounds of the International Formula 3000 Championship and DTM (German Touring Car series).

In addition to motor racing, it is the venue for the 24 rollers, a 24h race on inline skates or quads.

The Bugatti Circuit was used for the 1967 French Grand Prix, though it would prove to be the only time the Formula One World Championship would use the circuit, and is the current host of the French motorcycle Grand Prix. It also forms the final round of the FIA European Truck Racing Championship, and was part of the World Series by Renault and 1988 Superbike World Championship seasons.

Fastest race laps of Bugatti Circuit

As of September 2025, the fastest official race lap records at the Bugatti Circuit are listed as:

Layout evolution of Bugatti Circuit

File:Circuit Le Mans Bugatti.png|Bugatti Circuit (1965–1985) File:Bugatti Circuit 1991-1996.png|Bugatti Circuit (1989–1996) File:Bugatti Circuit.svg|Bugatti Circuit (2002–present) File:Circuit Bugatti - Le Mans.jpg|Layout evolution of Bugatti circuit from 1965 to 2008

Events

; Current

• March: Fun Cup France
• April: FIM Endurance World Championship 24 Heures Motos, Sidecar World Championship,
• May: Grand Prix motorcycle racing French motorcycle Grand Prix, Red Bull MotoGP Rookies Cup
• June: FIA World Endurance Championship 24 Hours of Le Mans, Le Mans Cup, Ligier European Series, Ferrari Challenge Europe, Porsche Cup Brasil
• July: Le Mans Classic Le Mans Classic Legend, GT3 Revival Series
• September: European Truck Racing Championship **, Porsche Sprint Challenge France, British Truck Racing Championship

; Former

• Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters (2006, 2008)
• EuroBOSS Series (2002–2004)
• Eurocup Formula Renault 2.0 (1995, 1998, 2005–2006, 2008–2009, 2015)
• Eurocup Mégane Trophy (2005–2006, 2008–2009)
• Ferrari Challenge North America (2023)
• FIM CEV Moto3 Junior World Championship (2014–2019)
• FFSA GT Championship (1998–1999, 2001–2006, 2012–2015)
• Formula 3 Euro Series (2003, 2006, 2008)
• Formula One
  • French Grand Prix (Bugatti Circuit) (1967)
• Formula Renault 2.0 West European Cup (1971–1972, 1975–2006, 2008–2009)
• Formula Renault 3.5 Series (2005–2006, 2008–2009, 2015)
• French F4 Championship (2012–2016, 2025)
• French Formula Three Championship (1966–1967, 1980–1981, 1986–2002)
• French Supertouring Championship (1976, 1978–1981, 1986, 1989–1994, 1998–2005)
• GP Explorer (2022–2023, 2025)
• Grand Prix motorcycle racing
  • Vitesse du Mans motorcycle Grand Prix (1991)
• IMSA Ford Mustang Challenge
  • Mustang Challenge Le Mans Invitational (2025)
• International Formula 3000 (1986–1991)
• International Sports Racing Series (1998)
• Lamborghini Super Trofeo Europe (2024)
• MotoE World Championship
  • French eRace (2020–2025)
• NASCAR Whelen Euro Series (2009–2014)
• Porsche Carrera Cup Benelux (2017)
• Porsche Carrera Cup France (1987, 1989–2000, 2002–2005, 2010–2011, 2013–2017, 2020, 2023)
• Porsche Carrera Cup Germany (2000, 2006, 2020)
• Porsche Carrera Cup Great Britain (2014, 2017)
• Porsche Carrera Cup Scandinavia (2023)
• Renault Sport Trophy (2015)
• Superbike World Championship (1988, 1990)

Weather and climate

Météo France runs a weather station in Le Mans, which exhibits an oceanic climate (Köppen Cfb). With both the 24-hour races and the French MotoGP round being run before the peak of summer, high-profile races often have cool temperatures both in terms of ambient and track conditions with rainfall being a potential factor. Although nights cool off, sometimes into the single-digits, during the 24-hour car race, air frosts have never been recorded in June. The weather station is located at the local airport just a few hundred metres from the main grandstand and pit lane of the circuit.

|Jan record high C = 17.2 |Feb record high C = 21.8 |Mar record high C = 25.6 |Apr record high C = 30.3 |May record high C = 32.4 |Jun record high C = 39.7 |Jul record high C = 41.1 |Aug record high C = 40.5 |Sep record high C = 35.0 |Oct record high C = 30.0 |Nov record high C = 22.2 |Dec record high C = 18.3 |year record high C = 41.1 |Jan avg record high C = 14.4 |Feb avg record high C = 16.2 |Mar avg record high C = 20.4 |Apr avg record high C = 24.8 |May avg record high C = 28.2 |Jun avg record high C = 32.4 |Jul avg record high C = 33.9 |Aug avg record high C = 34.0 |Sep avg record high C = 29.2 |Oct avg record high C = 23.5 |Nov avg record high C = 17.6 |Dec avg record high C = 14.3 |year avg record high C = 35.4 |Jan avg record low C = -6.1 |Feb avg record low C = -5.1 |Mar avg record low C = -3.0 |Apr avg record low C = -0.6 |May avg record low C = 2.7 |Jun avg record low C = 6.8 |Jul avg record low C = 8.8 |Aug avg record low C = 7.7 |Sep avg record low C = 4.5 |Oct avg record low C = 0.8 |Nov avg record low C = -2.8 |Dec avg record low C = -5.2 |year avg record low C = -8.0 |Jan record low C = -18.2 |Feb record low C = -17.0 |Mar record low C = -11.3 |Apr record low C = -4.9 |May record low C = -3.7 |Jun record low C = 1.6 |Jul record low C = 3.9 |Aug record low C = 3.2 |Sep record low C = -0.5 |Oct record low C = -5.4 |Nov record low C = -12.0 |Dec record low C = -21.0 |year record low C = -21.0 | access-date = 10 September 2023 | access-date = 9 January 2016}}

Notes

References

Sources

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