California Republican Party

History

The Republican Party was born in 1854 as a primary vehicle to oppose the expansion of slavery in the United States. In 1856, Republicans nominated John C. Frémont, one of California's inaugural senators, for the 1856 presidential election, but he lost the state by a wide margin to Democrat and eventual winner James Buchanan, though he did win the state of New York. Later in 1860, Abraham Lincoln was elected to the presidency as the first Republican president. The Republican Party would emerge as primary opposition to the Democratic Party until the present day.

California Republicans and Democrats were competitive throughout the late 19th century. In 1878, Republican California Senator Aaron A. Sargent introduced the language that would become the 19th Amendment to the Constitution, which would allow women the right to vote.

Republicans dominated state politics for most of the 20th century (they controlled the state senate from 1891 to 1958) until the 1960s when the Democrats once again became competitive with the rightward shift of the Republican Party, exemplified by their nomination of Barry Goldwater in 1964 (Goldwater lost California in a landslide). Republicans still saw ample success up until the 1990s. George H. W. Bush carried the state in 1988 after Ronald Reagan twice carried the state in 1984 and 1980. Pete Wilson was elected Senator in 1982 and 1988, and John Seymour was the last Republican Senator from California after being appointed to the seat in 1991.

California's Latino and Asian populations grew significantly in the 1990s and the growing segment of voters were turned off by the Republican Party's hard-line stance on immigration (the Party closely tied itself to Proposition 187). Democrats have won most elections at the state, local, and federal levels since the 2000s by comfortable margins. For example, despite failing to win the presidency, Hillary Clinton won a higher percentage of votes than any candidate since Franklin D. Roosevelt.

Still, California elected Arnold Schwarzenegger twice for governor. Schwarzenegger and Steve Poizner, who later became an independent, are the last Republicans to win statewide elections in California.

California has two Republican presidents in U.S. history: Richard Nixon, who was a U.S. representative and senator from California, and Ronald Reagan, who was a governor of California (1967–1975). Herbert Hoover also studied in California and lived there for a number of years. Other notable California Republicans include former Governor and Chief Justice Earl Warren, former Governor and Senator Hiram Johnson, and former Senator and founder of Stanford University Leland Stanford.

In 2018, the California Republican Party had fewer registered voters than voters registered with a no party preference option, but that trend reversed in 2020.

The California Republican Party is known for its culture-war style politics; the state party platform advocates for a near-total ban on abortion access, banning same-sex marriage, and privatizing education.

Elected officials

The following is a list of Republican statewide, federal, and legislative officeholders:

Members of Congress

U.S. Senate

• None

Both of California's U.S. Senate seats have been held by Democrats since 1992. John F. Seymour is the last Republican to have represented California in the U.S. Senate. Appointed in 1991 by Pete Wilson who resigned his Class I Senate seat because he was elected governor in 1990, Seymour lost the 1992 special election to Democratic challenger Dianne Feinstein for the remainder of the term expiring in 1995. Feinstein held the seat until her death in 2023. Pete Wilson is the last Republican to have won an election to represent California in the U.S. Senate, when he won in 1988. He is also the last Republican to represent California for a full term in the U.S. Senate from 1983 to 1989.

The last Republican to hold the other senatorial seat (the Class 3 seat) was Thomas Kuchel who held the seat for three terms, from 1953 to 1969. Kuchel ran for a fourth term, but lost the Republican primary.

With the passage of Prop 14 in 2010 setting up a jungle primary system in California, there was a period of 10 years (2012–2022) in which no Republican made the general election for the US Senate, as Republicans were locked out from the general elections in both the 2016 election and the 2018 election.

U.S. House of Representatives

Out of the 52 seats California is apportioned in the U.S. House of Representatives, 8 are held by Republicans:

• CA-03: Kevin Kiley
• CA-05: Tom McClintock
• CA-20: Vince Fong
• CA-22: David Valadao
• CA-23: Jay Obernolte
• CA-40: Young Kim
• CA-41: Ken Calvert
• CA-48: Darrell Issa

Statewide offices

• None

California has not had a Republican in a state-wide elected office since January 2011. Republicans were last elected to a statewide office in 2006, when Arnold Schwarzenegger was re-elected as governor and Steve Poizner was elected as insurance commissioner. In 2010, term limits prevented Schwarzenegger from seeking a third term while Poizner chose not to seek re-election as California's Insurance Commissioner, instead making an unsuccessful bid for the Republican nomination for governor. In 2018, Poizner attempted to run again for his old seat of insurance commissioner, but did so without the affiliation to the Republican Party.

The last Republican to serve as lieutenant governor is Abel Maldonado, who was appointed in 2010 by Schwarzenegger to fill the vacancy when John Garamendi resigned to take a seat in Congress. Maldonado lost the election in 2010 for a full term, and left office in January 2011. The last Republican elected to the position is Mike Curb, who was elected in 1978 and served until January 1983.

The last Republican to serve as Attorney general is Dan Lungren who was elected in 1990, reelected in 1994, and served until January 1999.

The last Republican to serve as Secretary of State is Bruce McPherson, who was appointed to the position in 2005 when the previous Secretary of State, Kevin Shelley, resigned. McPherson lost the election for a full term in 2006 and left office in January 2007. The last Republican elected to the position is Bill Jones who was elected in 1994, reelected in 1998 and served until January 2003.

The last Republican to serve as State treasurer is Matt Fong, who was elected in 1994 and served until January 1999. Fong chose not to run for re-election to a second term in office in 1998, choosing instead to run unsuccessfully for the US Senate seat.

The last Republican to serve as State controller is Houston I. Flournoy, who was elected in 1966, reelected in 1970, and served until January 1975.

The last Republican to serve as the Superintendent of Public Instruction (which is officially a non-partisan position) is Max Rafferty, who was elected in 1962, reelected in 1966, and served until January 1971.

Board of Equalization, State Senate and Assembly

Board of Equalization

Republicans hold one of the four non-ex-officio seats on the State Board of Equalization:

• 1st District: Ted Gaines

State Senate

Republicans are in the minority, holding ten of the 40 seats in the State Senate. Republicans have been the minority party in the Senate since 1970.

• SD-1: Megan Dahle
• SD-4: Marie Alvarado-Gil
• SD-8: Roger Niello
• SD-12: Shannon Grove
• SD-19: Rosilicie Ochoa Bogh
• SD-23: Suzette Martinez Valladares
• SD-32: Kelly Seyarto
• SD-36: Tony Strickland
• SD-37: Steven Choi
• SD-40: Brian Jones (Minority Leader)

State Assembly

Republicans hold 20 of the 80 seats in the State Assembly. The last time the Republicans were the majority party in the Assembly was during the 1994–1996 session.

• AD-1: Heather Hadwick
• AD-3: James Gallagher (Minority Leader)
• AD-5: Joe Patterson
• AD-7: Josh Hoover
• AD-8: David Tangipa
• AD-9: Heath Flora
• AD-22: Juan Alanis
• AD-32: Stan Ellis
• AD-33: Alexandra Macedo
• AD-34: Tom Lackey
• AD-36: Jeff Gonzalez
• AD-47: Greg Wallis
• AD-58: Leticia Castillo
• AD-59: Phillip Chen
• AD-63: Natasha Johnson
• AD-70: Tri Ta
• AD-71: Kate Sanchez
• AD-72: Diane Dixon
• AD-74: Laurie Davies
• AD-75: Carl DeMaio

Mayoral offices

Of California's ten largest cities, two have Republican mayors as of July 2022:

• Fresno (5): Jerry Dyer
• Bakersfield (9): Karen Goh

Other notable mayors include:

• Glendale (24): Ara Najarian

Rules for presidential primary elections

How delegates are awarded

As of the 2024 Republican National Convention, the California Republican Party gets to send 169 delegates to the quadannual Presidential nominating convention, the most of any state party. From the 2004 presidential primary until the 2020 presidential primary, the California Republican Party awarded three delegates to the winner of the primary within each one of the state's congressional districts, with the balance (about a dozen delegates) awarded proportionally based on the statewide result.

Ahead of the 2024 National Convention, the state party changed its rules for awarding delegates in order to comply with the rules of the national party (failure to do so would have resulted in a cut of 50% to the number of delegates the state party gets to send to the national convention). Under the new system, delegates are awarded based on the statewide results, rather than results within the individual districts. At the urging of the Donald Trump presidential campaign, the rules were also changed that if a candidate receives more than 50% of the primary votes, the candidate gets 100% of the state's 169 allotted delegates. If no candidate gets 50% of the primary vote, then delegates are awarded proportionally.

Participation of "independent" voters

Since January 2001, California has had a "modified" closed primary system in which political parties can determine whether or not to allow voters who are not affiliated with any party (i.e. "independent") to participate in the party's primary. The passage of Proposition 14 limited this "modified" closed primary system to primaries for President of the United States, starting with the 2012 primaries. Since the adoption of the "modified" closed primary system, the California Republican Party has allowed "independent" voters to vote in Republican primaries only in 2004, 2006, 2008, and 2010 (for 2008, the allowance applied to all primaries except for the presidential primary).

Governance

The California Republican Party is a "political party that has detailed statutory provisions applicable to its operation", which are in division 7, part 3 of the California Elections Code. The Republican State Central Committee (RSCC), the governing body of the California Republican Party, functions pursuant to its standing rules and bylaws. The RSCC works together with the Republican county central committees and district central committees, The regular officers of the RSCC are the chairman, state vice chairman, eight regional vice chairmen, secretary, and treasurer.

County central committees

There are semi-autonomous county central committees for each of California's 58 counties. their members are either elected by supervisor district or Assembly district depending on the county.

Party chairs

• Gustave Brenner (1912–14)
• Francis V. Keesling (1914–16)
• Chester H. Rowell (1916–18)
• Raymond Benjamin (1918–22)
• Albert E. Boynton (1922–1924)
• Charles L. Neumiller (1924–28)
• Frank F. Merriam (1928–30)
• Marshal Hale (1930–34)
• Louis B. Mayer (1932–33)
• Earl Warren (1934–36)
• Justus Craemer (1936–38)
• Bradford Melvin (1938–40)
• Thomas Kuchel (1940–42)
• Edward Tickle (1942–44)
• Leo Anderson (1944–46)
• Arthur W. Carlson (1946–48)
• Sim Delapp (1948–50)
• Laughlin Waters (1950–54)
• Thomas W. Caldecott (1954–56)
• Alphonzo E. Bell, Jr. (1956–58)
• George W. Milias (1958–60)
• John Krehbiel (1960–62)
• Caspar Weinberger (1962–64)
• Gaylord Parkinson (1964–67)
• James Halley (1967–69)
• Dennis Carpenter (1969–71)
• Putnam Livermore (1971–73)
• Gordon Luce (1973–75)
• Paul Haerle (1975–77)
• Michael B. Montgomery (1977–79)
• Truman Campbell (1979–81)
• Tirso del Junco (1981–83)
• Ed Reinecke (1983–85)
• Mike Antonovich (1985–87)
• Bob Naylor (1987–89)
• Frank Visco (1989–91)
• Jim Dignan (1991–93)
• Tirso del Junco (1993–95)
• John Herrington (1995–97)
• Michael J. Schroeder (1997–99)
• John McGraw (1999–2001)
• Shawn Steel (2001–03)
• George "Duf" Sundheim (2003–07)
• Ron Nehring (2007–11)
• Tom Del Beccaro (2011–13)
• Jim Brulte (2013–19)
• Jessica Millan Patterson (2019–2025)
• Corrin Rankin (since 2025)

California Republican Party biannual conventions

The California Republican Party typically holds its convention on a biannual basis.

Recent conventions are listed below:

• February 1996: Hyatt Regency San Francisco Airport
• October 2017: Anaheim
• February 2019: Hyatt Regency, downtown Sacramento
• April 2022: Anaheim
• September/October 2023: Anaheim
• March 2025: SAFE Credit Union Convention Center, Sacramento
• September 2025: Garden Grove

Election results

Presidential

Gubernatorial

Notes

References

References

1. "Report of Registration as of October 20, 2025: Registration by Political Subdivision by County". [[California Secretary of State]].
2. Weber, Shirley. (October 3, 2023). "Complete Report of Registration".
3. McPhate, Mike. (2018-09-14). "The extraordinary life of Pio Pico, a son of California under 3 nations". California Sun.
4. (April 8, 2024). "About CA GOP".
5. (October 31, 2016). "After decades of Republican victories, here's how California became a blue state again".
6. [https://www.sfchronicle.com/politics/article/Republicans-are-now-a-third-party-in-12961604.php "Republicans slip to 3rd place, behind independents, as registration choice of Californians"], ''[[San Francisco Chronicle]]'', June 1, 2018
7. Siders, David. (November 28, 2020). "GOP finds silver lining in Trump's landslide California loss". [[Politico]].
8. Korte, Lara. (2023-09-30). "California GOP rejects effort to strip abortion, same sex marriage from platform".
9. "Board Members".
10. (2024-08-08). "California District 4 Sen. Marie Alvarado-Gil switches to Republican party - CBS Sacramento".
11. "Members | Assembly Internet".
12. "Mayor | City of Fresno".
13. "City of Bakersfield – Mayor".
14. Butcher, Julie. (April 17, 2025). "Najarian Named Glendale Mayor". Crescenta Valley News.
15. Mehta, Seema. (May 11, 2023). "GOP voters in liberal bastions could have outsize role in California's presidential primary". [[Los Angeles Times]].
16. Mehta, Seema. (July 29, 2023). "Tensions flare as California GOP gives Trump a boost by overhauling state primary rules". [[Los Angeles Times]].
17. "History of Political Parties That Have Adopted Party Rules Regarding No Party Preference Voters". [[California Secretary of State]].
18. ''Eu v. San Francisco County Democratic Central Committee'' (1989), [https://bulk.resource.org/courts.gov/c/US/489/489.US.214.87-1269.html 489 U.S. 214] {{Webarchive. link. (2014-03-12 . "The State of California heavily regulates its political parties. … The California Elections Code (Code) provides that the 'official governing bodies' for such a party are its 'state convention,' 'state central committee,' and 'county central committees,' …")
19. [[California Elections Code]] § 7250
20. [[California Elections Code]] § 7350
21. [http://cagop.org/documents/Party_Bylaws.pdf Standing Rules and Bylaws of the California Republican Party] {{Webarchive. link. (2014-03-12 , As Amended 6 October 2013.)
22. Bylaws § 1.03
23. with county central committees appointing delegates to the RSCC.Bylaws § 2.01.01(B)
24. Bylaws § 2.03.01(A)
25. At every direct primary election (presidential primary) or when district boundaries are redrawn,[[California Elections Code]] § 7420
26. [[California Elections Code]] division 7, part 3, chapter 4, article 1, §§ 7400 ''et seq.''
27. [http://d3n8a8pro7vhmx.cloudfront.net/lagop/pages/63/attachments/original/1391297689/RPLAC_Bylaws_20121215.pdf?1391297689 Bylaws of the Republican Party of Los Angeles County], as amended December 15, 2012, § 2(a)
28. [http://www.sandiegorepublicans.org/files/RPSDCBylaws2011-2012.pdf Bylaws of the Republican Party of San Diego County] {{webarchive. link. (2012-06-10 , § 2.01.01(A)(1))
29. [http://www.ocgop.org/bylaws.pdf Bylaws of the Republican Party of Orange County] {{Webarchive. link. (2014-04-11 , As Amended May 20, 2013, Article IV(A))
30. [[California Elections Code]] § 7401
31. Stoltze, Frank. (September 8, 2025). "Recap: CA GOP convention: Republicans vow to fight Newsom's redistricting".
32. "Standing Rules and Bylaws of the California Republican Party As Amended May 19, 2024".
33. Marinucci, Carla. (1996-02-11). "California GOP jeers Clinton, cheers Buchanan".
34. (23 October 2017). "Divide in California's GOP on display at convention: 'We're not offering anything hopeful'". [[Los Angeles Times]].
35. (February 24, 2019). "California Republicans Just Elected Their First Female Party Chairperson, But The GOP Still Faces A Daunting Comeback".
36. (26 April 2022). "Can California Republicans win statewide again?". [[Jefferson Public Radio]].
37. (30 September 2023). "In California, Republicans are divided over McCarthy's deal to avoid government shutdown". [[Los Angeles Times]].
38. Garofoli, Joe. (March 17, 2025). "California Republicans love diversity — when it’s on their terms". [[San Francisco Chronicle]].