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Black conservatism in the United States

Movement within conservatism among African Americans

Black conservatism in the United States

Movement within conservatism among African Americans

Black conservatism in the United States is a political and social movement rooted in African-American communities that aligns largely with the American conservative movement and is part of black conservatism around the world. It is often associated with the Christian right (per 2007 data). Black conservatism emphasizes social conservatism, traditionalism, patriotism, capitalism, and free markets.

During the Reconstruction era, many black voters supported the Republican Party, at that time a liberal rather than conservative party. Booker T. Washington had a more conservative approach to politics in the United States while W. E. B. DuBois called for more radical change. Some African Americans supported Democrat Woodrow Wilson's first presidential campaign and felt betrayed by his policies once in office. Under Franklin D. Roosevelt's administration, during his first two terms, civil rights legislation was not passed; however, New Deal programs led to the black vote becoming more split. In 1960, the Kennedy-Johnson campaign promoted civil rights as a central issue and during their administration, they passed anti-discrimination legislation, gaining the black vote. Since then, the Democratic Party has held a majority of the black votes in America. Pew Research Center polling has found that the majority of African-Americans who identify as Democratic declined in the 2010s, from 75% during Barack Obama's presidency to 67% in 2020. A 2017 sample size of 10,245 voters concluded that just 8% of African-Americans identify as Republican.

Influential black Republicans in the early 21st century who have held public office include U.S. Senator Tim Scott, U.S. Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas, Virginia Lt. Gov. Winsome Sears, and Cabinet secretaries Ben Carson, Condoleezza Rice, and Colin Powell. Political commentators Candace Owens, Thomas Sowell, Shelby Steele, Armstrong Williams, Larry Elder, Walter Williams, and Jason L. Riley are influential figures in black conservatism.

Beliefs

One of the main characteristics of black conservatism is its emphasis on personal choice and responsibilities above socioeconomic status and institutional racism. Black conservatives typically support do-for-self, self reliance, and personal responsibility. Black conservatives tend to be self-critical of aspects of African-American culture that they believe have created poverty and dependency. John McWhorter's 2000 book Losing the Race: Self-Sabotage in Black America and Bill Cosby's 2004 "Pound Cake speech" exemplified this critique, though their authors did not strictly come from the Black conservative movement.

In his book, The Content of Our Character, Shelby Steele offers an interpretation of the color-blind society ideology and why people should accept it. He claims that during slavery, black individuals were forced to cling to their black identities in order to build community and have since mistakenly clung to that same rhetoric under the impression that it is still the most valuable tool to excel. He argues that this is dangerous because it frames black individuals as victims and "pulls [blacks] into war-like defensiveness at a time where [sic] there is more opportunity for development than ever before." The idea was that if black individuals ceased to see themselves as victims of oppressive forces, then they could be seen as equals to their white counterparts. According to Steele, who grew up in a segregated society and experienced considerable racism, but who nevertheless criticized certain later policies as associating blackness with permanent inferiority: "I believe that freedom of the individual — as opposed to good works or "social justice" — is by far the highest goal any society can strive for. ... I became conservative when I realized that the era of protest was over. We blacks won everything we could win through protest — but it was an idea of what others must do for us, of how others must be moral and tolerant. Conservatism is the road ahead because it is an idea of what we can do for ourselves."

A 2007 Pew Research Center survey showed that 19% of Black Americans identified as Religious Right. In 2004, though, the Pew Research Center indicated only 7% of Black Americans identified as Republican.

A National Election Pool poll showed that support for California Proposition 8 (2008) (a state constitutional amendment defining marriage as an opposite-sex union) was strong among African-American voters; 70% of those interviewed in the exit poll—a higher percentage than any other racial group—stated that they voted in favor of Proposition 8. Polls by both the Associated Press and CNN mirrored this data, reporting support among Black voters to be at 70% and 75%, respectively. African-American support was considered crucial to the Proposition's passage because African Americans made up an unusually large percentage of voters in 2008; the presence of African-American presidential candidate Barack Obama on the ballot was believed to have increased African-American voter turnout.

History

[[Booker T. Washington

From Reconstruction up until the New Deal, the black population tended to vote Republican. During that period, the Republican Party—particularly in the Southern United States—was seen as more racially progressive than the Democratic Party, primarily because of the role of the Southern wing of the Democratic Party as the party of racial segregation and the Republican Party's roots in the abolitionist movement (see Dixiecrats).

As the Republican party became more conservative, its association with African-American voters declined. Republican leader Herbert Hoover fired loyal African-Americans from positions within the Republican Party, in order to increase his appeal to Southern white voters. This can be considered an early example of a set of Republican Party methods that were later termed the Southern Strategy.

Blacks started to shift in significant numbers to the Democrats with the election of Franklin D. Roosevelt, who received 70% of the African-American vote. Among Truman Administration officials, the publication of Henry Lee Moon's Balance of Power spurred Democratic partisan support for African-American constituencies. Dwight D. Eisenhower was able to win back some African-American voters for the Republican party, receiving 40% of the black vote. John F. Kennedy's rebranding of the Democrats in 1960, including his embrace of civil rights, cemented the popularity of the party with African-Americans.

While in 1960, a third of African-Americans still supported the Republicans, the Barry Goldwater 1964 presidential campaign, which signalled the party's turn to conservatism, was based on a rejection of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and led to rapid departure of most of the remaining third. "The 1964 election marked a watershed for African Americans and the GOP, with black Republican support now falling to around 10%."

Black conservatism as a movement emerged in the 1970s as a response to this. "Through an influential network of African-American conservative scholars and experts that emerged in the late 1970s, the Republicans sought to educate middle and upper blacks about the benefits of free-market socioeconomic policies. However, the... African-American community perceived the new wave of black political conservatism not as an organic ideology that appeared at the grassroots level, but as a model imposed from above of the desired interracial relations in the country, from the point of view of white Americans."

This is a timeline of significant events in African-American history that have shaped the conservative movement in the United States.

; 1950s

  • 1954 – President Dwight Eisenhower appoints the following:
    • Archie Alexander as Governor of the U.S. Virgin Islands
    • J. Ernest Wilkins Sr. as Undersecretary of Labor for International Labor Affairs
    • E. Frederic Morrow as Administrative Officer for Special Projects ; 1960s
  • Melvin H. Evans is elected Governor of the U.S. Virgin Islands ; 1970s
  • 1975 – President Gerald Ford appoints the following:
    • William T. Coleman as Secretary of Transportation
    • James B. Parsons is named Chief Judge of the U.S. District Court in Chicago
  • 1978 – Melvin H. Evans is elected to U.S. Congress (Virgin Islands)
  • 1979 – Ethel D. Allen is appointed Secretary of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania ; 1980s
  • 1980 – NAACP President Benjamin Hooks is invited to address the Republican National Convention
  • 1981 – President Ronald Reagan appoints the following:
    • Clarence M. Pendleton Jr. as Chairman of the U.S. Civil Rights Commission
    • Samuel Pierce as United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
  • 1982 – President Reagan appoints Clarence Thomas as Chairman of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.
  • 1985 – President Reagan appoints Alan Keyes the Assistant Secretary of State for International Organization Affairs.
  • 1987 – President Reagan appoints Colin L. Powell the National Security Advisor.
  • 1989 – President George H. W. Bush appoints the following:
    • Louis Wade Sullivan as United States Secretary of Health and Human Services
    • General Colin L. Powell as Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
    • Condoleezza Rice as Senior Director of the National Security Council for Soviet and East European Affairs
    • Constance Berry Newman as Director of United States Office of Personnel Management
    • Vernon Parker as Special Assistant to the President on the White House Staff ; 1990s
  • 1990 – Arthur Fletcher is appointed as the Chairman of the United States Commission on Civil Rights
  • 1990 – President George H. W. Bush appoints George W. Haley chairman of the Postal Rate Commission
  • 1990 – Gary Franks (CT) is elected to U.S. Congress
  • 1991 – President George H. W. Bush appoints Clarence Thomas to U.S. Supreme Court
  • 1993 – President George H. W. Bush appoints John W. Shannon as United States Under Secretary of the Army
  • 1994 – Victoria Buckley elected as Secretary of State of Colorado
    • Lonna Hooks appointed as Secretary of State of New Jersey
  • 1994 – J. C. Watts (OK) elected to U.S. Congress
  • 1998 – U.S. House of Representatives elects J. C. Watts (R-OK) to be Chairman of the House Republican Conference.
  • 1998 – DeForest Soaries appointed as Secretary of State of New Jersey
  • 1998 – Ken Blackwell elected as the Ohio Secretary of State
  • 1998 – Joe Rogers elected as the Lieutenant Governor of Colorado ; 2000s
  • 2001 – President George W. Bush appoints the following:
    • General Colin Powell as the United States Secretary of State
    • Roderick R. Paige as the United States Secretary of Education
    • Condoleezza Rice as Advisor of the National Security Council
    • Alphonso Jackson as the Deputy Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
    • Claude Allen as the Deputy Secretary of Health and Human Services
    • Leo S. Mackay Jr. as the Deputy Secretary of Veterans Affairs
    • Larry D. Thompson as the United States Deputy Attorney General
    • Michael Powell as the Chairman of the Federal Communications Commission
    • Stephen A. Perry as Administrator of General Services Administration
    • Kay Coles James as Director of United States Office of Personnel Management
    • Charles E. James, Sr. as Director of Federal Contract Compliance
    • Ruth A. Davis as Director General of the Foreign Service
    • Reginald J. Brown as Assistant Secretary of the Army (Manpower and Reserve Affairs)
    • Brigadier General Francis X. Taylor as Coordinator for Counterterrorism
    • Eric M. Bost as Under Secretary of Agriculture for Food, Nutrition, and Consumer Services
    • Brian C. Roseboro as Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Financial Markets
    • Dr. Eric Motley as Deputy Associate Director, Office of Presidential Personnel
    • Pierre-Richard Prosper as United States Ambassador-at-Large for War Crimes Issues
    • Andrea Barthwell as deputy director for Demand Reduction at the Office of National Drug Control Policy
  • 2001 – Randy Daniels, Secretary of State of New York joins the GOP.
  • 2002 – President George W. Bush appoints the following:
    • Major General Claude M. Bolton Jr. as United States Assistant Secretary of the Army for Acquisition, Logistics, and Technology
    • Lynn Swann as Chairman of the President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports
    • Brigadier General Francis X. Taylor as Assistant Secretary of State for Diplomatic Security
    • Ron Christie as Special Assistant to the President
  • 2002 – Michael Steele elected as Lieutenant Governor of Maryland
  • 2002 – Jennette Bradley elected as Lieutenant Governor of Ohio
  • 2003 – President George W. Bush appoints the following:
    • Clark Ervin as Inspector General of the United States Department of Homeland Security
    • Vernon Parker as Assistant Secretary of Agriculture for Civil Rights
  • 2004 – President George W. Bush appoints the following:
    • Alphonso Jackson as United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
    • Gerald A. Reynolds as Chairman of the United States Commission on Civil Rights
    • Constance Berry Newman as Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs
    • Brian C. Roseboro as Under Secretary of the Treasury for Domestic Finance
  • 2004 – Randy Brock elected as Vermont Auditor of Accounts
  • 2005 – President George W. Bush appoints the following:
    • Condoleezza Rice as United States Secretary of State
    • Claude Allen as Director of the Domestic Policy Council
    • Admiral John O. Agwunobi as United States Assistant Secretary for Health
    • Jendayi Frazer as Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs
    • B. J. Penn as Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Installation and Environment)
  • 2005 – Jennette Bradley is appointed Ohio State Treasurer
  • 2006 – President George W. Bush appoints the following:
    • Lurita Doan as Administrator of the U.S. General Services Administration
    • Ronald J. James as Assistant Secretary of the Army (Manpower and Reserve Affairs)
    • Naomi C. Earp as Chair of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
  • 2009 – Michael Steele elected Chairman of the Republican National Committee ; 2010s
  • 2010 – Tim Scott (SC) and Lt Col. Allen West (FL) elected to U.S. Congress
  • 2010 – Jennifer Carroll is elected Lieutenant Governor of Florida
  • 2011 – Herman Cain sought the Republican presidential nomination in 2012
  • 2012 – Artur Davis, a former Democratic Party member of the United States House of Representatives joins the GOP.
  • 2013 – Tim Scott (SC) is appointed to the U.S. Senate.
  • 2013 – Dwayne Sawyer is appointed as Indiana State Auditor
  • 2014 – Mia Love (UT) and Will Hurd (TX) elected to U.S. Congress
  • 2014 – Boyd Rutherford is elected Lieutenant Governor of Maryland
  • 2015 – Ben Carson sought the Republican presidential nomination in 2016
  • 2015 – Jenean Hampton is elected Lieutenant Governor of Kentucky
  • 2016 – Curtis Hill is elected Indiana Attorney General
  • 2016 – Colin Powell receives three electoral votes for president from faithless electors
  • 2017 – President Donald Trump appoints the following:
    • Ben Carson as United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
    • Omarosa Manigault as Director of Communications for the Office of Public Liaison
    • Jerome Adams as Surgeon General of the United States
    • Naomi C. Earp as Agriculture Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights
    • Alveda King as a member of the Frederick Douglass Bicentennial Commission
    • Johnny C. Taylor Jr. as Chairman of the President's Board of Advisors on Historically Black Colleges and Universities
    • Ja'Ron Smith as Director of Urban Affairs and Revitalization
    • Charles E. James, Sr. as Director of the Transport Department Office of Civil Rights
    • Cyril Sartor as Director for African Affairs
    • James E. Williams as Chief Financial Officer of Labor
    • Brigadier General L. Eric Patterson as Director of Homeland Security's Federal Protective Service
    • Jacquelyn Hayes-Byrd as Assistant Secretary of Veterans Affairs for Human Resources and Administration
    • Dana W. White as Assistant to the Secretary of Defense for Public Affairs
    • Andrew F. Knaggs as Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Special Operations and Combating Terrorism
    • Gary Washington as Member of the Board of Directors of the Commodity Credit Corporation
  • 2018 – President Donald Trump appoints the following:
    • Kiron Skinner as Director of Policy Planning
  • 2018 – Robyn Crittenden appointed Secretary of State of Georgia
  • 2019 – President Donald Trump appoints the following:
    • Tamara Bonzanto as Assistant Secretary of Veterans Affairs (Accountability and Whistleblower Protection)
    • Hannibal Ware as Inspector General of the Small Business Administration
    • Michael Kubayanda as Commissioner of the Postal Regulatory Commission
    • Rodney Hood as a Member of the National Credit Union Administration
  • 2019 – Daniel Cameron elected Kentucky Attorney General ;2020s
  • 2020 – Burgess Owens (UT) and Byron Donalds (FL) elected to U.S. Congress
  • 2020 – Mark Robinson is elected Lieutenant Governor of North Carolina
  • 2021 – Winsome Sears is elected Lieutenant Governor of Virginia
    • – Timothy DeFoor is elected Pennsylvania Auditor General
    • – Fitz Johnson appointed to the Georgia Public Service Commission
  • 2022 – Wesley Hunt (TX) and John James (MI) elected to U.S. Congress
  • 2025 – President Donald Trump appoints the following:
    • Scott Turner as United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development --

1990s-2020s

Tim Scott
Condoleezza Rice
Colin Powell
Alphonso Jackson
Rod Paige
Clarence Thomas
Mia Love
Allen West
Herman Cain
Ben Carson

Alan Keyes became the first African-American candidate to run in the Republican presidential primaries in 1996, but he did not win any state's primary or caucus. Keyes ran for president again in 2000 and in 2008.

Condoleezza Rice and General Colin Powell were two prominent politicians of the Republican Party in the 1990s-2000s, serving as the highest-ranking members of the federal Executive Branch and becoming the first African-American Secretaries of State. In his 1996 retirement speech before the Republican National Convention, Colin Powell stated that, "My sister and I were taught to believe in ourselves. We might be considered poor, but we were rich in spirit. ... We were taught by my parents to always, always, always believe in America. Ineffective government, excessive government, wasteful government, that is the kind of government that we Republicans intend to defeat. The Republican Party ... must always be the party of inclusion. The Hispanic immigrant who became a citizen yesterday must be as precious to us as a Mayflower descendant; the descendant of a slave or of a struggling miner in Appalachia must be as welcome — and must find as much appeal — in our party as in any other party or any other American might. It is our diversity that has made us strong. ... I have been asked many times why I became a Republican. I became a Republican because like you, I believe our party best represents the principles of freedom, opportunity, and limited government upon which our nation was founded. ... These are the things that remain constant. These are the things that unite us. There are other eternal truths, other eternal constants in our lives. A country that exists by the grace of a divine providence. A divine providence that gave us this land, told us to be good stewards of it and to be good stewards of each other. A land that God has truly, truly blessed and that we are proud to call America."

Some elected black conservatives in this period include Florida representative Allen West, U.S. Senator Tim Scott of South Carolina, former Oklahoma representative J.C. Watts, and former Connecticut representative Gary Franks. Other notable black conservatives include economist Thomas Sowell, and Supreme Court justice Clarence Thomas. In 2009, Michael Steele became the first black man to chair the Republican National Committee.

In 2011, Herman Cain, a "Tea Party" Republican, was considered the leading candidate for the Republican presidential nomination for a period of time. Cain staged a run for the presidency in 2012. He received a brief surge of attention and popularity but withdrew before any primaries were held.

Neurosurgeon Ben Carson ran for the Republican nomination in the 2016 election, launching his campaign in his hometown Detroit in May 2015. He polled well for a time in late 2015, but withdrew after the first Super Tuesday. Carson received 857,039 votes during the Republican primaries; this total represented 2.75% of the votes cast. He was supported by seven delegates at the Republican National Convention. After Donald Trump won the 2016 Presidential election, Carson was offered the role of United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, which he at first rejected but ultimately accepted.

Kanye West, African-American rapper, songwriter and ex-husband of fellow celebrity Kim Kardashian, has on several occasions publicly expressed support for President Trump, stating once that had he voted he would have voted for Trump in the election; he also expressed his approval of millennial conservative commentator Candace Owens. West stated his intention to run for president at the 2020 presidential election; under the Birthday Party banner, his name appeared on the ballot in 12 states and won 60,000 votes. He subsequently conceded defeat, but tweeted "Kanye 2024", signalling a potential run at the 2024 presidential election.

Glenn Loury at Brown University and John McWhorter at Columbia University are two African-Americans who frequently broadcast analyses on the web about current events related to racism. Loury is a conservative who supported Ronald Reagan and implied that he would vote for Trump in 2020, while McWhorter describes himself as a centrist. Both question the concept of institutional racism, which McWhorter calls a religion, and believe that African American leaders should embrace personal responsibility to a greater extent than they do currently. In addition there are a number of voices in the arena of political talks shows, and guest analysts such as Carol Swain, professor of political science from Vanderbilt University with multiple appearances on CNN, Fox News, PBS, C-SPAN, and ABC Headline News.

Herschel Walker lost the 2022 United States Senate election in Georgia, Daniel Cameron lost the 2023 Kentucky gubernatorial election, Mark Robinson lost the 2024 North Carolina gubernatorial election and Winsome Earle-Sears lost in the 2025 Virginia gubernatorial election.

African-American conservative politicians

This is a list of African-American conservative politicians.

Alabama

  • Wallace Gilberry – U.S. House candidate (2024) and Cincinnati Bengals football player
  • Kenneth Paschal – Alabama State Representative (2021–present)
  • Juan Chastang – Mobile County Commissioner (2005–2008)

Alaska

  • David S. Wilson – Alaska State Senator (2017–2025)
  • Stanley Wright – Alaska State Assemblyman (2023–2025)
  • Sharon Jackson – Alaska State Assemblywoman (2018–2021)
  • Walt Furnace – Alaska State Assemblyman (1983–1991)
  • Selwyn Carrol – Alaska State Assemblyman (1973–1975)

Arizona

  • David Marshall – Arizona State Representative (2023–present)
  • Jerone Davison – U.S. House candidate (2022 & 2024) and Oakland Raiders football player
  • Walter Blackman – Arizona State Representative (2019–2023; 2025–present) and U.S. House candidate (2022)
  • Coy Payne – Mayor of Chandler (1990-1994)

Arkansas

  • Joseph K. Wood – Chairman of the Arkansas Republican Party (2023–present)

California

  • Corrin Rankin – Chairwoman of the California Republican Party (2025-present)
  • Kevin Lincoln – Mayor of Stockton (2021-2025 and U.S. House candidate (2024 & 2026)
  • Larry Elder – Governor of California nominee (2021) and candidate for President (2024)
  • Rosey Grier – Governor of California candidate (2018) and New York Giants football player
  • Damon Dunn – California Secretary of State nominee (2010) and Dallas Cowboys football player
  • H. Abram Wilson – Mayor of San Ramon (2002–2007)
  • Ward Connerly – University of California Regent (1993–2005)

Colorado

  • Joe Rogers – Lieutenant Governor of Colorado (1999-2003)

Connecticut

  • Lynne Patton – Director of Minority Outreach (2025-present)
  • George Logan – Connecticut State Senator (2017–2021) and U.S. House nominee (2022 & 2024)
  • Aundre Bumgardner – Connecticut State Representative (2015–2017)

Delaware

  • Donald Blakey – Delaware State Representative (2007–2015)
  • William J. Winchester – Delaware State Representative (1948-1952)

District of Columbia

  • Mary Elizabeth Taylor – Assistant Secretary of State for Legislative Affairs (2018-2020)
  • Arthur Fletcher – Chair of the United States Commission on Civil Rights (1990-1993)
  • Jerry A. Moore Jr. – Member of the Washington DC City Council (1975-1985)

Florida

  • Harrison Fields – White House Principal Deputy Press Secretary (2025)
  • T. K. Waters – Sheriff of Jacksonville (2022–present)
  • Renatha Francis – Justice of the Supreme Court of Florida (2022–present)
  • Corey Simon – Florida State Senator (2022–present) and Indianapolis Colts football player
  • Berny Jacques – Florida State Representative (2022–present)
  • Kiyan Michael – Florida State Representative (2022–present)
  • Joseph Ladapo - Surgeon General of Florida (2021–present)
  • Webster Barnaby – Florida State Representative (2020–present)
  • Mike Hill – Florida State Representative (2019–2021 and 2013–2017)
  • Jennifer Carroll – Lieutenant Governor of Florida (2011-2013)
  • Gerard Robinson – Virginia Secretary of Education (2010-2011) and Education Commissioner of Florida (2011-2012)
  • Peter Boulware – Florida House of Representatives nominee (2008) and Baltimore Ravens football player
  • Rudy Bradley – Florida State Representative (1994-2000)
  • William B. Allen – Chair of the United States Commission on Civil Rights (1988-1989)

Georgia

  • Mesha Mainor – Georgia State Representative (2021–2025; elected as a Democrat, switched to Republican in July 2023)
  • Herschel Walker – U.S. Senate nominee (2022) and Dallas Cowboys football player
  • Larry Rivers – Commissioner of Chatham County (2021–2023) and Harlem Globetrotters basketballer
  • Fitz Johnson – Member of the Georgia Public Service Commission (2021-present)
  • Angela Stanton-King – Author and nominee for (2020)
  • Melvin Everson – Georgia State Representative (2005–2011)
  • Willie Talton – Georgia State Representative (2005–2015)
  • Harold Melton – Associate Justice of the Georgia Supreme Court (2005–2018) and Chief Justice of the Georgia Supreme Court (2018–2021)
  • Vernon Jones – Georgia State Representative (1993–2001 and 2017–2021; previously a Democrat, switched to Republican in January 2021)

Hawaii

  • Kenji Price – United States Attorney for the District of Hawaii (2018–2021)

Illinois

  • Lisa Holder White – Justice of the Illinois Supreme Court (2022-present)
  • Kiron Skinner – Director of Policy Planning (2018-2019)
  • Richard Irvin – Mayor of Aurora (2017–2025)
  • Erika Harold – Illinois Attorney General nominee (2018), U.S. House candidate (2012/2014) and Miss America (2003)
  • John D. Anthony – Illinois State Representative (2013–2016)
  • Adelbert H. Roberts – Illinois State Representative (1918-1920) and Illinois State Senator (1924-1934)
  • Louis B. Anderson – Alderman of the Chicago City Council (1917-1933)
  • John W. E. Thomas – Member of the Illinois House of Representatives (1877-1879, 1883-1886)

Indiana

  • Aurelia Skipwith Giacometto – Director of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (2020-2021)
  • Curtis Hill – Attorney General of Indiana (2017-2021)
  • Dwayne Sawyer – State Auditor (2013)
  • Roger Brown – Indianapolis City Councilor (1993–1997) and Indiana Pacers basketball player
  • Ray Crowe – Indiana State Representative (1966–1975)
  • Robert Brokenburr – Member of the Indiana Senate (1940-1960)
  • James Sidney Hinton – Member of the Indiana House of Representatives (1881-1882){{Cite web|url=http://indcanal.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Hinton.pdf |access-date=2017-11-28

Iowa

  • Eddie Andrews – Iowa State Representative (2021–present)

Kansas

  • Patrick Penn – Kansas State Representative (2021–2025)
  • Tony Barton – Kansas State Representative (2015–2017)
  • Willie Dove – Kansas State Representative (2013–2021)
  • George W. Haley – Kansas State Senator (1964–1968)
  • Edwin Sexton – Kansas State Senator (1964–1965)

Kentucky

  • Donald Douglas – Kentucky State Senator (2021–present)
  • Daniel Cameron – Attorney General of Kentucky (2019-2024)
  • Jenean Hampton – Lieutenant Governor of Kentucky (2015-2019){{cite news |last=Johnson|first=Natalie|date=November 4, 2015|title=Meet Jenean Hampton, First Black Statewide Officeholder in Kentucky
  • Clarence M. Pendleton Jr. – Chair of the United States Commission on Civil Rights (1981-1988)
  • Amelia Tucker – Member of the Kentucky House of Representatives (1962-1964)
  • Charles W. Anderson Jr. – Member of the Kentucky House of Representatives (1936-1946)

Louisiana

  • Donald Washington – Director of the United States Marshals Service (2017-2021)
  • Elbert Guillory – Louisiana State Senator (2009–2015) and Lieutenant Governor of Louisiana candidate (2015 and 2023)
  • Ezola Foster – Reform Party Vice Presidential candidate of Pat Buchanan in the 2000 race against Al Gore and George W. Bush
  • Caesar Antoine – Lieutenant Governor of Louisiana (1873-1877)
  • Emile Honoré – Secretary of State of Louisiana (1877)
  • P.B.S. Pinchback – Governor of Louisiana (1872-1873)
  • Oscar Dunn – Governor of Louisiana (1871)

Maryland

  • LaToya Nkongolo – Maryland State Delegate (2025–present)
  • Olivia Trusty – Member of the Federal Communications Commission (2025-present)
  • Brenda J. Thiam – Maryland State Delegate (2020–2023)
  • Kimberly Klacik – U.S. House nominee (2020) and (2024)
  • Boyd Rutherford – Lieutenant Governor of Maryland (2015-2023)
  • Naomi Earp – Chair of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (2006-2009)
  • Michael Steele – Chairman of the Republican National Committee (2009-2011) and Lieutenant Governor of Maryland (2003-2007)
  • Aris T. Allen – Maryland State Delegate (1991 and 1967–1974), Lieutenant Governor nominee (1978) and State Senator (1979–1982)

Massachusetts

  • Marcus Vaughn – Massachusetts State Representative (2023–present)
  • Frank Cousins – Massachusetts State Representative (1993–1996) and Essex County Sheriff (1996–2018)
  • Althea Garrison – Massachusetts State Representative (1993–1995) and Boston City Councilor (2019–2020)
  • Edward Brooke – U.S. Senator from Massachusetts (1967-1979)

Michigan

  • Kristina Karamo – Chair of the Michigan Republican Party (2023-2024) and 2022 nominee for Attorney General
  • John Gibbs – Assistant Secretary of Housing and Urban Development for Community Planning and Development (2020-2021) and nominee for MI-3 (2022)
  • Kurtis T. Wilder – Justice of the Michigan Supreme Court (2017–2018)
  • James Craig – Chief of the Detroit Police Department (2013–2021) and Gubernatorial candidate (2022)
  • Paul H. Scott – Michigan State Representative (2009–2011)
  • Larry DeShazor – Michigan State Representative (2009–2011)
  • Bill Hardiman – Michigan State Senator (2003–2011), Mayor of Kentwood, Michigan (1992–2002) and U.S. House candidate (2010)
  • Robert P. Young Jr. – Justice of the Michigan Supreme Court (1999–2017) and Chief Justice of the Michigan Supreme Court (2011–2017)
  • Keith Butler – Detroit Councilman (1989–1993) and U.S. Senate candidate (2006)
  • William Lucas – Wayne County Sheriff (1969–1982) and Governor of Michigan nominee (1986)
  • Charles Roxborough – Michigan State Senator (1931-1932)

Minnesota

  • Royce White – U.S. Senate nominee (2024) and Sacramento Kings basketball player
  • Walter Hudson – Minnesota State Representative (2023–present)
  • Lisa Demuth – Minnesota State Representative (2019–present) and Speaker of the Minnesota House of Representatives (2025–present)
  • Jean Harris – Virginia Secretary of Human Resources (1978-1982) and Mayor of Eden Prairie, Minnesota (1995-2001)
  • Ray Pleasant – Minnesota State Representative (1973–1981)

Mississippi

  • Alice Marie Johnson – White House Pardon Czar (2025-present)
  • Rodney Hall – Mississippi State Representative (2024–present)
  • Angela McGlowan – Miss District of Columbia USA (1994) and U.S. House candidate (2010)
  • Nic Lott – chairman for the Mississippi Young Republicans
  • Yvonne Brown – Mayor of Tchula, Mississippi (2001–2009) and U.S. House nominee (2006)
  • Charles Evers – Mayor of Fayette, Mississippi (1969–1981 and 1985–1989)
  • Perry Wilbon Howard II – Republican National Committeeman from Mississippi (1924–1960)
  • Mary Booze – Republican National Committeewoman from Mississippi (1924–1955)

Missouri

  • Justin Hicks – Missouri State Representative (2023–2025)
  • Shamed Dogan – Missouri State Representative (2015–2023)
  • Neal E. Boyd – 2008 Winner of America's Got Talent and nominee/candidate for the Missouri House of Representatives (2012/2014)
  • Sherman Parker – Missouri State Representative (2002–2008)
  • Carson Ross – Missouri State Representative (1989–2002) and Mayor of Blue Springs, Missouri (2008–2022)

Nebraska

  • Dinah Abrahamson – Nebraska State Central Committeewoman (2005–2013)
  • George W. Althouse – Member of the Nebraska Legislature (1970-1971)
  • John Adams Sr. – Member of the Nebraska Legislature (1949-1962)

Nevada

  • Niger Innis – Director of Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) and U.S. House candidate (2014)
  • Thomas Batten – Nevada State Assemblyman (1994–2010)
  • Maurice Washington – Nevada State Senator (1994–2010)
  • Lynette Boggs – Miss Oregon (1989), Las Vegas City Council (1999–2004), Clark County Commission (2004–2006) and U.S. House nominee (2002)

New Hampshire

  • Jim Lawrence – New Hampshire State Representative (2004–2010) and U.S. House nominee (2016)
  • Henry Richardson – New Hampshire State Representative (1975-1979)

New Jersey

  • Antwan McClellan – New Jersey State Assemblyman (2020–present)
  • Garry Cobb – U.S. House nominee (2014) and Dallas Cowboys football player
  • Bruce Harris – Mayor of Chatham Borough, New Jersey (2012–2019) and member of the New Jersey State Planning Commission (2020–present)
  • DeForest Soaries – Secretary of State of New Jersey (1999-2002)
  • Martin G. Barnes – Mayor of Paterson, New Jersey (1997–2002)
  • Thomas S. Smith – New Jersey State Assemblyman (1992–2002)
  • Jim Usry – Mayor of Atlantic City, New Jersey (1984–1990)
  • Matthew G. Carter – Mayor of Montclair, New Jersey (1968–1972)
  • E. Frederic Morrow – Administrative Officer for Special Projects (1955-1961)

New Mexico

  • Ant Thornton – New Mexico State Senator (2025–present)
  • Conrad James – New Mexico State Representative (2011–2013 and 2015–2017)
  • Jane Powdrell-Culbert – New Mexico State Representative (2003–2023)

New York

  • Mazi Melesa Pilip– Member of the Nassau County Legislature (2022–present) and U.S. House nominee in 2024
  • Joe Pinion – United States Senate nominee 2022
  • Keith Wofford – Attorney General of New York nominee (2018)
  • Michel Faulkner – U.S. House nominee (2010) and New York Jets football player
  • Gerald A. Reynolds – Chair of the United States Commission on Civil Rights (2004-2011)
  • Rubén Díaz Sr. – Member of the New York State Senate (2003-2017) and member of the New York City Council (2002-2003, 2018-2021)
  • Roy Innis – Chairman of the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) and a board member of the National Rifle Association of America.
  • Rudy Washington – Deputy Mayor of New York City for Community Development and Business Services (1996-2001)
  • Myrtle Whitmore – Commissioner of the New York City Housing Authority (1996–1999)
  • Richard E. Jackson – Commissioner of Motor Vehicles (1995–2000)
  • Joseph Holland – Commissioner of Communities and Urban Renewal (1995–1997)
  • James Garner – Mayor of Hempstead (1988–2005) and U.S. House nominee (2004)

North Carolina

  • Brian Echevarria – North Carolina State Representative (2025–present)
  • Ken Fontenot – North Carolina State Representative (2023–2025)
  • Mark Robinson – Lieutenant Governor of North Carolina (2021-2025) and nominee for governor in 2024
  • Rodney Hood – Chairman of the National Credit Union Administration (2019-2021) and Comptroller of the Currency (2025)
  • Thomas Stith III – Governor of North Carolina Pat McCrory's Chief of Staff (2013–2016)
  • Dr. Ada Fisher – NC Republican National Committeewoman (2008-2020) and U.S. House nominee (2006 and 2008)

Ohio

  • Peter Kirsanow – Chair of the United States Commission on Civil Rights (2025-present)
  • Josh Williams – Ohio State Representative (2023–present)
  • Michele Reynolds – Ohio State Senator (2023–present){{cite news |last=Trau |first=Morgab|date=January 22, 2025|title=A deeper look at who’s running for Ohio gov in 2026, and who might succeed Husted as Lt. Gov. now
  • Ja'Ron Smith – Deputy Director of the Office of American Innovation (2019-2020)
  • Jennette Bradley – Lieutenant Governor of Ohio (2003-2005)
  • Ken Blackwell – Secretary of State of Ohio (1999-2007)
  • Janet C. Howard – Ohio State Senator (1995–1998)
  • Robert C. Henry– Mayor of Springfield, Ohio (1966–1968)

Oklahoma

  • Erick Harris – Oklahoma State Representative (2024–present)

  • Marlon Coleman – Mayor of Muskogee (2020–2024)

  • T. W. Shannon – Oklahoma State Representative (2007–2015) and Speaker of the Oklahoma House of Representatives (2013–2014)

  • Russell Perry – Oklahoma Secretary of Commerce (1999-2000)

Oregon

  • Jackie Winters – Oregon State Senator (2002–2019)

Pennsylvania

  • Timothy DeFoor – Auditor General of Pennslvania (2021-present)
  • Harry Lewis Jr. – Pennsylvania State Representative (2014–2018)
  • Lynn Swann – Governor of Pennsylvania Nominee (2006) and Pittsburgh Steelers football player
  • Renee Amoore – Pennsylvania's Republican State Committeewoman (1992–2000)
  • William H. Brown III – Chairman of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (1969-1973)

South Carolina

  • Harriet Holman – South Carolina State Representative (2024–present)
  • Mike Reichenbach – South Carolina State Senator (2022–present)
  • Mark Burns – Pastor and candidate for U.S. House (2018, 2022, & 2024)
  • Samuel Rivers Jr. – South Carolina State Representative (2012–2018)
  • Glenn McCall – Republican National Committeeman (2008-2025)
  • Richard Howell Gleaves – Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina (1872-1876)
  • Robert B. Elliott – U.S. Representative from (1871-1874)
  • Alonzo Ransier – Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina (1870-1872)

South Dakota

  • Tamara Grove – South Dakota State Senator (2025-present)
  • Tony Randolph – South Dakota State Representative (2019-present)

Tennessee

  • Carol Swain – Candidate for Mayor of Nashville in 2019
  • Francis Guess – Member of the United States Commission on Civil Rights (1983-1989)
  • Samuel A. McElwee – Member of the Tennessee House of Representatives (1883-1888)
  • John Boyd – Member of the Tennessee House of Representatives (1881-1885)
  • Thomas F. Cassels – Member of the Tennessee House of Representatives (1881-1882)
  • Sampson W. Keeble – Member of the Tennessee House of Representatives (1873-1875)

Texas

  • Katrina Pierson – Texas state representative (2025–present)
  • Charles Cunningham – Texas State Representative (2023–present)
  • Eric Johnson – Mayor of Dallas (2019–present)
  • Shawn Thierry – Texas State Representative (2017–2025)
  • Scott Turner – Texas State Representative (2013–2017) and Secretary of Housing and Urban Development (2025-present)
  • Stefani Carter – Texas State Representative (2011–2015)
  • James White – Texas State Representative (2011–2023)
  • Dale Wainwright – Associate Justice of the Texas Supreme Court (2003–2012)
  • Wallace Jefferson – Associate Justice of the Texas Supreme Court (2001–2004) and Chief Justice of the Texas Supreme Court (2004–2013)
  • Michael L. Williams – Commissioner of the Texas Education Agency (2012–2015), Chairman of the Texas Railroad Commission (1999–2011) and U.S. House candidate (2012)
  • Clay Smothers – Texas State Representative (1977–1981)

U.S. Virgin Islands

  • Ronald Pickard – Former Olympian and candidate for U.S. Delegate (2024)
  • Kenneth Mapp – Governor of the United States Virgin Islands (2015-2019)
  • Roy Schneider – Governor of the United States Virgin Islands (1995-1999)
  • Melvin H. Evans – Governor of the United States Virgin Islands (1971-1975) and Delegate to the U.S. House (1979-1981)

Utah

  • Alvin B. Jackson – Utah State Senator (2013–2016)
  • James Evans – Utah State Senator (2002–2004) and Chairman of the Utah Republican Party (2013–2017)

Vermont

  • Randy Brock – Vermont State Senator (2009–2013, 2017–present) and Vermont Auditor of Accounts (2005–2007)

Virginia

  • A.C. Cordoza – Virginia State Delegate (2022–present)
  • Winsome Earle-Sears – Lieutenant Governor of Virginia (2022–present), nominee for Governor in 2025
  • Kay Coles James – Secretary of the Commonwealth of Virginia (2022-2023)
  • E. W. Jackson – Lieutenant Governor of Virginia Nominee (2013)
  • Sal Iaquinto – Virginia State Delegate (2006-2013)
  • Paul Clinton Harris – Virginia State Delegate (1998–2002)
  • Noel C. Taylor – Mayor of Roanoke, Virginia (1975–1992)

Washington

  • Michael Ross – Washington State Representative (1971–1973)
  • Charles Stokes – Washington State Representative (1951–1959)

West Virginia

  • Caleb Hanna – West Virginia State Delegate (2018–2024)
  • Jill Upson – West Virginia State Delegate (2014–2018)

Wisconsin

  • Julian Bradley – Wisconsin State Senator (2021–present)
  • David Clarke – Sheriff of Milwaukee County (2002-2017)

Wyoming

  • Lynn Hutchings – Wyoming State Representative (2012–2014) and Wyoming State Senator (2018–present)

Other people

United States judges

  • Angela Tucker – Texas District Court Judge (2012–present)
  • Ada E. Brown – United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas
  • Bill Lewis – Judge of the United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama (2025-present)
  • Clarence Thomas – Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (1991–present)
  • David W. Williams – Judge of the United States District Court for the Central District of California (1969–2000)
  • George C. Hanks Jr. – Justice on the Texas state First Court of Appeals (2010–2015) and Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas (2015–present)
  • Janice Rogers Brown – Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of California (1996–2005) and U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (2005–2017)
  • Jerome Holmes – United States Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit
  • Kevin A. Ross – Judge of the Los Angeles County Superior Court (1996–2005) and Judge on America's Court with Judge Ross (2010–present)
  • Lavenski Smith – Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit (2002-present)
  • Lisa Holder White – Justice of the Illinois Supreme Court (since 2022), Judge of the Illinois Fourth District Appellate Court (2013-2022), Trial Judge Illinois Sixth Judicial Circuit Court (2001-2013)
  • Lynn Toler – Arbitrator on the court series Divorce Court (2001–present)
  • Robert Heberton Terrell – Judge to the District of Columbia Municipal Court (1901–1924)
  • Sara J. Harper – Ohio Court of Appeals (1990–2003)

TV personalities, authors and journalists

  • Amy Holmes – News anchor and political contributor on CNN
  • Armond White – Film critic for National Review and Out Magazine
  • Armstrong Williams – Author of Beyond Blame and TV host of On Point
  • Ben Kinchlow – Evangelist, television and radio personality
  • Bo Snerdley – Radio host{{cite news |last=Bayham|first=Mike |date=July 14, 2021 |title=BAYHAM: An Interview With James Golden, Whom You Know Better As Bo Snerdley
  • Brandon Tatum – Former police officer, commentator and professional speaker
  • Candace Owens – Writer and commentator
  • Charles Payne – Fox News and Fox Business journalist
  • CJ Pearson – Conservative activist and media personality
  • C.L. Bryant – TV host
  • Deneen Borelli – Author, columnist, and Fox News contributor
  • Diamond and Silk (Lynnette Hardaway and Rochelle Richardson) – Live-stream video bloggers, political activists and Newsmax TV hosts
  • Eboni K. Williams – Attorney and radio and TV personality
  • George Schuyler – Journalist
  • Hallie Quinn Brown – Author
  • Harris Faulkner – Television host for Fox News
  • Jesse Lee Peterson – President of the Brotherhood Organization of a New Destiny
  • Jason Riley – Journalist
  • Jason Whitlock – Sports Journalist, radio personality, commentator and writer
  • Kathy Barnette – Policy commentator and former political candidate
  • Lawrence Dennis – Mixed-race, diplomat, consultant, author
  • Lawrence B. Jones – Radio host, contributor to Fox News, and author
  • Lenny McAllister – Author and radio talk-show host
  • Leo Terrell – civil rights attorney, talk radio host
  • Michael King – Emmy Award-winning television producer
  • Michelle Bernard – Journalist
  • Paris Dennard – Commentator on CNN and NPR, and the Senior Director of Strategic Communications for the Thurgood Marshall College Fund
  • Philippa Schuyler – Pianist, author, journalist
  • Raynard Jackson – Columnist and TV political analyst
  • Sage Steele – Television anchor
  • Shelby Steele – Author
  • Samantha Marika – Political commentator
  • Tommy Sotomayor – Radio and internet talk show host, YouTube personality, men's rights activist and film producer
  • Tony Brown – Journalist and host of Tony Brown's Journal
  • Tyrus – Professional wrestler, actor and Fox News commentator
  • Zora Neale Hurston – Author, anthropologist and filmmaker

Military

  • General Counsel of the Department of Defense Earl Matthews (2025-present)
  • Lieutenant Colonel Frances Rice – Chairwoman of the National Black Republican Association
  • Major General Mary J. Kight – Adjutant General of California (2010–2011)
  • Lieutenant General Russel L. Honoré

Columnists

  • Deroy Murdock – National Review columnist
  • Ken Hamblin – Denver Post columnist
  • Jason L. Riley — The Wall Street Journal
  • Robert A. George – Columnist for the New York Post
  • Sophia A. Nelson – author snd journalist
  • Star Parker – President of the Coalition on Urban Renewal and Education, columnist and author
  • Stephen L. Carter – Christianity Today columnist, author of The Culture of Disbelief

Athletes

  • Anthony Watson – Olympic skeleton racer
  • Bryan Clay – 2008 Olympic gold medalist
  • David Tyree – NFL Football player
  • Don King – Boxing promoter
  • Ernie Banks – MLB baseball player
  • Greg Anthony – NBA basketball player
  • Jonathan Isaac – NBA basketball player
  • Karl Malone – Olympic Gold medallist and basketball player
  • Lawrence Taylor – NFL Football player
  • Mike Jones – WWF wrestler
  • Mike Tyson – professional boxer
  • Nolan Carroll – NFL Football player and son of Jennifer Carroll, Lieutenant Governor of Florida
  • Ottis Anderson – NFL Football player
  • Ronnie Lott – NFL Football player
  • Thurman Thomas – NFL Football player
  • Tommy Vext – singer
  • Tony Dungy – NFL Football player and coach
  • Wilt Chamberlain – NBA Basketball player
  • Kevin Holland – Professional mixed martial artist
  • Jon Jones – Professional mixed martial artist
  • Max Griffin - Professional mixed martial artist

Entertainers

  • Bryson Gray – Christian rapper
  • Isaiah Washington – Actor
  • James Brown – Singer and songwriter
  • Jimmie Walker – Actor
  • Joseph C. Phillips – Actor
  • Joy Villa – Singer and actress
  • Kanye West – Rapper and record producer
  • Kevin and Keith Hodge – YouTube commentators, comedians and trainers
  • Lionel Hampton – Musician
  • Mattie Montgomery – singer and pastor
  • Nicki Minaj – rapper and songwriter
  • Pearl Bailey – Actress and singer
  • Stacey Dash – Actress
  • Topher – rapper, songwriter, and commentator
  • Fivio Foreign – Rapper

Education and business

  • Alveda King – Niece of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and senior fellow at the Alexis de Tocqueville Institution
  • Booker T. Washington – Educator, author, orator, and adviser to several presidents of the United States
  • Chris Darden – Attorney
  • George Washington Carver – Agricultural scientist and inventor
  • Glenn Loury – Academic, economist, and podcast host
  • Herman Cain – Former CEO of Godfather's Pizza, talk show host, and one-time presidential candidate
  • Jessie De Priest – Music teacher, wife of Congressman Oscar Stanton De Priest
  • Joshua I. Smith – Businessman
  • Marvin Scott – Academic
  • Michael Powell – Former Republican member of the Federal Communications Commission, current president National Cable and Telecommunications Association
  • Mildred Fay Jefferson – First African American to graduate from Harvard Medical School
  • Samuel B. Fuller – Businessman
  • Stephen N. Lackey – Businessman
  • Thomas Sowell – Economist, social theorist, and senior fellow at Stanford University's Hoover Institution
  • Vern S. Williams – Member of the National Mathematics Advisory Panel
  • Walter Edward Williams – Economist, commentator, and academic
  • Robert Oscar Lopez – Academic
  • Robert Reed Church – Real estate investor and banker
  • Robert Church Jr – Businessman and Republican Party organizer in Memphis, Tennessee
  • Angel Joy Chavis Rocker – Guidance counselor and the first African-American woman to seek the Republican nomination for President of the United States in 2000.
  • William Nickerson Jr. – Businessman and founder of Golden State Mutual Life Insurance Company
  • William Madison McDonald – Banker, state chairman of the Texas Republican Party (1897 - 1898).

Civil rights, pastors and activists

  • Ali Alexander – Social media personality and activist
  • Ayaan Hirsi Ali – Political activist
  • Darrell C. Scott – Pastor and activist
  • Eddie Long – Pastor of the New Birth Missionary Baptist Church and activist
  • Eldridge Cleaver – Leader of the Black Panther Party{{cite news |last=McKinley|first=Clark |date=December 31, 1983 |title=Eldridge Cleaver runs for Congress as conservative
  • Enrique Tarrio – Political activist
  • Eugene Rivers – Activist and minister
  • Ezola Foster – Teacher, writer, political activist, and unsuccessful candidate for public office on the Republican and Reform Party tickets
  • Georgia Benton – African-American member of the United Daughters of the Confederacy
  • James David Manning – Pastor, ATLAH World Missionary Church, activist
  • James Meredith – Civil rights campaigner, who served as domestic adviser to Jesse Helms
  • Julian Acciard- Podcastor, political strategist, NH gubernatorial candidate, author
  • Michael the Black Man – activist
  • Manning Johnson – Former Communist who became an anti-communist activist
  • Maj Toure – activist and rapper, founder of Black Guns Matter
  • H. K. Edgerton – African-American neoconfederate activist
  • Nelson W. Winbush – is an educator, who is notable as one of a handful of African-American members of the Sons of Confederate Veterans (SCV)
  • Mattie Clyburn Rice – was an African-American member of the United Daughters of the Confederacy
  • Robert Woodson – Civil rights activist
  • Stephen Broden – Pastor and Constitution Party nominee for President (2024)
  • T. R. M. Howard – Founder of Regional Council of Negro Leadership and surgeon
  • Tony Evans – Evangelical pastor and speaker
  • Voddie Baucham – Pastor, author, and educator

Organizations

  • Congress of Racial Equality
  • American Civil Rights Institute
  • Project 21
  • Coalition on Urban Renewal and Education
  • National Black Republican Association
  • Blexit

References

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