Zhongguancun

History

Chen Chunxian envisioned Zhongguancun, which became a well-known technology hub 30 years later. Chunxian, a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), conceived of a Silicon Valley in China following a government-sponsored trip to Boston and Silicon Valley, United States.

Zhongguancun became known as "Electronics Avenue" () in the early 1980s, due to its information technology markets along a central, crowded street.

Zhongguancun was recognized by the central government of China in 1988, and officially named "Beijing High-Technology Industry Development Experimental Zone". In 1999, Zhongguancun became the "Zhongguancun Science & Technology Zone" with seven parks: Haidian, Fengtai, Changping, Electronics City (in Chaoyang), Yizhuang, Desheng, and Jianxiang. The original Zhongguancun became known as the Haidian Park of the Zhongguancun Zone.

Notable education and research centers

Zhongguancun has an association with China's two most prestigious universities, Peking University and Tsinghua University, along with Beijing Normal University and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, all of which are in close proximity.

Secondary schools in Zhongguancun include the Affiliated High School of Peking University and the High School Affiliated to Renmin University of China.

Administration

The Zhongguancun Administrative Committee oversees the city. The State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs (SAFEA) is headquartered in Zhongguancun.

Notable companies and landmarks

Hailong Market, Guigu Market, Taipingyang Market, Dinghao Market and Kemao Market are prominent IT and electronics technology bazaars, noted for "shops with a shop", where bargaining is the norm. According to the 2004 Beijing Statistical Yearbook, there were over 12,000 high-tech enterprises operating in Zhongguancun's seven parks, with 489,000 technicians employed.

Companies that grew up in Zhongguancun are Stone Group, Founder Group, Glodon, and Lenovo Group, each founded from 1984 to 1985. Stone was the first successful technology company to be operated by private individuals outside of the government of China. Founder is a technology company that spun off Peking University. Lenovo Group spun off from Chinese Academy of Sciences with Liu Chuanzhi, a hero of Zhongguancun and current chairman, eventually taking the helm. Lenovo purchased IBM's PC division for $1.75 billion in 2005, making it the world's third-largest PC maker. Both Founder and Lenovo Group maintain strong connections to their academic backers, who are significant shareholders.

Many global technology companies built their Chinese headquarters and research centers in Zhongguancun Technology Park, such as Google, Intel, AMD, Oracle Corporation, Motorola, Cogobuy Group, IBM, MySpace, Sony, Solstice, Glodon Software and Ericsson. Microsoft has built its Chinese research headquarters in the park that costs $280 million and can accommodate 5000 employees, which was completed in April 2011, and now houses Microsoft Research Asia.

The development center of Loongson, which is China's first general-purpose microprocessor design, is also in the Zhongguancun area.

Everbright International has its Beijing office in the Beijing International Building (北京国际大厦) in Zhongguancun.

Many conferences are held in this location, including the annual ChinICT conference - which is the largest Information technology Development and Entrepreneurship event in China.

A frequent tourist destination is the Haidian Christian Church, designed by Hamburg-based architects Gerkan, Marg and Partners.

File:Central Beijing2.jpg|Near to Tuspark File:Central Beijing4.jpg|Offices of Microsoft, Sohu File:Central beijing.jpg|

Transportation

Line 4 of the Beijing Subway runs through the Zhongguancun area with stops at Zhongguancun station and Haidian Huangzhuang station. Haidian Huangzhuang station is also a transfer station with Line 10. In addition, Zhongguancun is served by many of Beijing's buses.

References

References

1. (19 March 2015). "Historical Dictionary of Science and Technology in Modern China". Rowman & Littlefield.
2. "Shengwu, Chen. "[https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/ADA372621.pdf Bright Prospects for Civilian-Run Scientific and Technological Undertakings]." ''[[Red Flag (magazine). Red Flag]]''. No.4, Pp.27-29. 16 February 1988 {{ISSN. 0441-4381 (Translated to English via "[[JPRS]] Report—China")
3. "Beijing City Markets Streets Rj1xa6xq Tourist Tube".
4. (2020-09-25). "Beijing, the seat of science capital".
5. "Beijing Municipality, Administration Committee of Zhongguancun Science and Technology Park, Reiteration of the Relevant Preferential Policies Available in the Zhongguancun Science and Technology Park Circular / 北京市中关村科技园区管理委员会关于重申中关村科技园区有关优惠政策的通知 - China Law & Practice".
6. [http://www.safea.gov.cn/ Home] {{Webarchive. link. (2009-01-19 . [[State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs]]. Retrieved on July 12, 2017. "邮编：100873 地址：北京中关村南大街一号5号楼 ")
7. "Zhongguancun, China's Silicon Valley".
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10. "Microsoft Research Asia".
11. [http://www.ict.ac.cn/english/contact/channel/2455.shtml Institute Of Computing Technology Chinese Academy Of Sciences] {{webarchive. link. (September 19, 2009)
12. "Contact Us". [[Everbright International]].
13. "Zhongguancun Christian Church".