William Shippen Jr.

Early life

He was born on October 21, 1736, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

He studied with Reverend Samuel Finley at West Nottingham Academy and then attended the College of New Jersey (now Princeton University), graduating in 1754. His valedictory address won praise from Ezra Stiles and George Whitefield.

Shippen studied medicine first with his father, then went to England and Scotland and in 1761 earned his medical degree at the University of Edinburgh Medical School.

Career

Shippen followed his father William Shippen Sr. into a medical career. At his father's encouragement, William Jr. commenced America's first series of anatomy lectures in 1762. He became one of the first professors (of anatomy, surgery, and midwifery) of America's first medical school (the College of Philadelphia, now the University of Pennsylvania), which he co-founded in 1765 with Dr. John Morgan. At the time, male midwifery was considered "offensive" and people threw stones through the windows of his dissecting rooms and occasionally burst into his rooms in mobs.

Like his father, William Shippen Jr. was elected to the revived American Philosophical Society in 1767, where he served as Curator from 1771 to 1772, and as Secretary from 1772 to 1773.Bell, Whitfield J., and Charles Greifenstein, Jr. Patriot-Improvers: Biographical Sketches of Members of the American Philosophical Society. 3 vols. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1997, I: 330-32, 333-34, 376-77, 458, 477, II:29, 152, 369, 390, 397, 404, III:3, 13, 16-31, 77, 193-95, 296-98, 345, 391,

576, 600.

American Revolution

During the American Revolutionary War, Shippen served as Chief Physician & Director General of the Hospital of the Continental Army in New Jersey (1776) and as Director General of the Hospitals West of the Hudson River (October 1776). Ultimately, he served (April 11, 1777 – January 1781) as Director of Hospitals for the Continental Army, a precursor of the Surgeon General of the U.S. Army. Shippen had connived to replace Dr. Morgan, his predecessor in that position. Later Morgan, with the assistance of Dr. Benjamin Rush, brought about his forced resignation. He was subsequently court martialed for misappropriating supplies intended for recovering soldiers and underreporting deaths, but was acquitted on a technicality.

Shippen was among the founders of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia and served as its president 1805–1808.

Personal life

Shippen was married to Alice Lee (1736–1817), the daughter of Thomas Lee and Hannah Harrison Ludwell. They were the parents of Anne Shippen in 1763 who was a noted diarist.

Shippen died on July 11, 1808, in Germantown, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

References

Notes

Sources

• Randolph Shipley Klein, Portrait of an Early American Family: The Shippens of Pennsylvania Across Five Generations. University of Pennsylvania Press, 1975.
• Columbia Encyclopedia article

References

1. {{Cite AMB1920
2. (October 1862). "The New England Historical and Genealogical Register". New England Historic Genealogical Society.
3. (1858). "Annals of the American Pulpit: Presbyterian". Rober Carter & Brothers.
4. Klein, Randolph Shipley. (1999). "Shippen, William, Jr. (1736-1808), physician and teacher of anatomy and midwifery".
5. "William Shippen Jr. (1736–1808)". University of Pennsylvania, University Archives and Records Center.
6. (2004). "The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography".