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Walther Meissner

German physicist (1882–1974)

Summary

German physicist (1882–1974)

Field	Value
name	Walther Meissner
image	Walther Meissner.jpg
caption	Meissner,
birth_name	Fritz Walther Meissner
birth_date
birth_place	Berlin, German Empire
death_date
death_place	Munich, Bavaria, West Germany
alma_mater	{{Plain list
known_for	{{Plain list
awards	Simon Memorial Prize (1970)
fields	Low temperature physics
work_institutions	{{Indented plainlist
doctoral_advisor	Max Planck

Technische Hochschule Berlin
University of Berlin (Dr. phil.)
Meissner effect
Holm–Meissner effect
Physikalisch-Technische Reichsanstalt
Technische Hochschule München
Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities

Fritz Walther Meissner (16 December 1882 – 16 November 1974) was a German physicist known for his work on superconductivity.

Biography

Fritz Walther Meissner was born on 16 December 1882 in Berlin, Germany, the son of Waldemar Meissner and Johanna Greger.

From 1901 to 1904, Meissner studied mechanical engineering at Technische Hochschule Berlin (now Technische Universität Berlin). He then studied physics under Max Planck at the University of Berlin, receiving his Ph.D. in 1907.

Meissner joined the Physikalisch-Technische Reichsanstalt (now the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt) in Berlin. From 1922 to 1925, he established the world's third largest helium-liquifier.

In 1933, Meissner and Robert Ochsenfeld discovered that magnetic fields are expelled from a material when it becomes superconducting—a phenomenon known as the Meissner effect. The following year, he was appointed Professor of Technical Physics at Technische Hochschule München (now Technische Universität München).

After World War II, Meissner was elected President of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities. In 1946, he founded the Academy's Commission for Low Temperature Research. The Commission was located in Herrsching am Ammersee until 1967, when it was moved to Garching.

In 1970, Meissner was awarded the Simon Memorial Prize "for his work in many areas of low temperature physics and technology and, in particular, in the field of superconductivity".

Meissner lived alone with his two dogs for the last several years of his life. He died on 16 November 1974 in Munich at the age of 91.

In 1982, on his 100th birthday, the Commission for Low Temperature Research was renamed the in memory of him.

References

Brickwedde, F. G.. (February 1975). "Walther Meissner". [[Physics Today]].
"Walther Meissner - Magnet Academy".
Walther Meißner and R. Ochsenfeld, Naturwissenschaften V21, p. 787 (1933).

Wikipedia Source

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