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Voiceless dental and alveolar trills

Consonantal sound represented by ⟨r̥⟩ in IPA

Summary

Consonantal sound represented by ⟨r̥⟩ in IPA

Field	Value
above	Voiceless alveolar trill
ipa symbol	r̥
ipa number	122 402A
x-sampa	r_0
imagefile	Doulos SIL — r̥.svg

|x-sampa=r_0 |x-sampa=r_d_0

Voiceless dental and alveolar trills are a type of consonantal sound. They differ from their cognate only by the vibrations of the vocal cord. It occurs in a few languages, usually alongside the voiced version, as a similar phoneme or an allophone.

Proto-Indo-European sr developed into a sound written as , with the letter for and the diacritic for , in Ancient Greek. It was probably a voiceless alveolar trill and became the regular word-initial allophone of in standard Attic Greek that has disappeared in Modern Greek. :*Proto-Indo-European srew- Ancient Greek ῥέω "flow", possibly

Features

Features of a voiceless alveolar trill:

Its place of articulation is dental, alveolar or post-alveolar, which means it is articulated behind upper front teeth, at the alveolar ridge or behind the alveolar ridge. It is most often apical, which means that it is pronounced with the tip of the tongue.

Occurrence

Dental

Language	Word	IPA	Meaning	Notes
Mongolian	Khalkha	самбар / sambar		'blackboard'

Alveolar

Language	Word	IPA	Meaning	Notes
Dharumbal	barhi		'stone'	Contrasts with .
Dutch	ver		'far'	Possible word-final allophone of .
Estonian	kasv	[ˈkɑsv̥]	'growth'	Word-final allophone of after . For example, kasar [ˈkɑsɑr̥] ‘(dial.) ridge’, where /r/ is voiceless. See Estonian phonology
Icelandic	hrafn		'raven'	Contrasts with . For some speakers it may actually be a voiceless flap. Also illustrates . See Icelandic phonology
Kildin Sámi	yҏҏт	[ˈur̥ːt]	'east'	Contrasts with /r/, /rʲ/, and /r̥ʲ/.
Konda	puRi		'ant hill'	Contrasts .
Lezgian	крчар / lez		'horns'	Allophone of between voiceless obstruents.
Limburgish	Hasselt dialect	geer		'odour'
Moksha	нархне / mdf		'these grasses'	Contrasts with : нарня "short grass". It has the palatalized counterpart : марьхне "these apples", but марьня "little apple"
Nivkh	Amur dialect	р̌ы / niv		'door'
Northern Sámi	čahrrat		'to talk or laugh noisily'
Polish	krtań		'larynx'	Allophone of when surrounded by voiceless consonants, or word finally after voiceless consonants. See Polish phonology
Ukrainian	центр / uk		'centre'	Word-final allophone of after . See Ukrainian phonology
Welsh	Rhagfyr		'December'	Contrasts with . See Welsh phonology
Yaygirr	dirha		'tooth'	Contrasts with .
Zapotec	Quiegolani	rsil		'early'

Voiceless alveolar fricative trill

A voiceless alveolar fricative trill is not known to occur as a phoneme in any language, except possibly the East Sakhalin dialect of Nivkh. It occurs allophonically in Czech.

Features

Features of a voiceless alveolar fricative trill:

Its place of articulation is laminal alveolar, which means it is articulated with the blade of the tongue at the alveolar ridge.

Occurrence

Language	Word	IPA	Meaning	Notes
Czech	tři sta		'three hundred'	Allophone of after voiceless consonants; may be a tapped fricative instead. See Czech phonology
Norwegian	Fabiánová	2011	pp=34–35}}	norsk	'Norwegian'
Some subdialects of Trøndersk
Nivkh	(East) Sakhalin dialect	р̌ы / niv		'door'
Polish	Some dialects	przyjść		'to come'
Silesian	Gmina Istebna
Jablunkov

Notes

References

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References

{{Harvcoltxt. Ladefoged. Maddieson. 1996
{{Harvcoltxt. Haspelmath. 1993
{{Harvcoltxt. Peters. 2006
While {{Harvcoltxt. Peters. 2006 does not state that explicitly, he uses the symbol {{angbr IPA. r̥ for many instances of the word-final {{IPA. /r/
{{Harvcoltxt. Danyenko. Vakulenko. 1995
{{Harvcoltxt. Regnier. 1993
{{Harvcoltxt. Dankovičová. 1999
{{Harvcoltxt. Šimáčková. Podlipský. Chládková. 2012
{{Harvcoltxt. Dankovičová. 1999
{{Harvcoltxt. Fabiánová. 2011

Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

alveolar-consonants trill-consonants pulmonic-consonants voiceless-oral-consonants median-consonants

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