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Voiced retroflex fricative

Consonantal sound represented by ⟨ʐ⟩ in IPA

Summary

Consonantal sound represented by ⟨ʐ⟩ in IPA

Field	Value
ipa symbol	ʐ
ipa number	137
decimal	656
xsampa	z`
braille	dd
braille2	z
imagefile	IPA Unicode 0x0290.svg

A voiced retroflex sibilant fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is . Like all the retroflex consonants, the IPA symbol is formed by adding a rightward-pointing hook extending from the bottom of a z (the letter used for the corresponding alveolar consonant).

Features

Schematic mid-sagittal section

Features of a voiced retroflex sibilant:

Occurrence

In the following transcriptions, diacritics may be used to distinguish between apical and laminal .

The frequency of cross-linguistically is 2% in a phonological analysis of 2155 languages.

Language	Word	IPA	Meaning	Notes
Abkhaz	абжа/abža		'half'	See Abkhaz phonology
Adyghe	жъы / jı / ظہـ		'old'	Laminal.
Awetí		'to pray'	Diachronically related to and also to some other alveolar sounds in certain occasions. As word lists created in the 1900s appoint for where there is now, the latter sound is supposed to be the result of a very recent sound change that is analogically happening in Waurá.
Chinese	Mandarin	肉/ròu		'meat'
Changshu dialect	常熟	/dʐan ʐɔʔ/
(without tone sandhi)	'Changshu'	Pronounced [ʂʱ] when occurring at the first syllable. A native Wu Chinese speaker may reduce it a sound closer to a retroflex approximant (similar to the Standard Mandarin r) when trying to force a unnatural voiced pronunciation on the first syllable.
Faroese	renn		'run'
Lower Sorbian	Łužyca		'Lusatia'
Mapudungun	rayen		'flower'	May be or instead.
Marrithiyel	Marri Tjevin dialect		'they are laughing'	Voicing is non-contrastive.
Mehináku		'parrot'	Resulted from the voicing of in between vowels.
Pashto	Southern dialect	[](pashto-alphabet)		'thirsty'
Polish	Hamann	2004	p=65}}	żona		'wife'
Southeastern Cuyavian dialects	zapłacił		'he paid'	Some speakers. It is a result of hypercorrecting the more popular merger of and into (see Szadzenie).
Suwałki dialect
Romagnol	diṣ		'ten'	Apical; may be or instead.
Russian	Standard	жена/žená		'wife'
Most speakers in most words	заезжа́ть/
zajezžátʹ		'to call in casually
/to drive into'	Modern pronunciation of older often derived from underlying or . Subsists as such in some words for conservative Moskovite accents.
Serbo-Croatian	жут / žut		'yellow'	Typically transcribed as /ʒ/. See Serbo-Croatian phonology
Shina	Gilgiti	/ ẓakuṇ		'donkey'
Kohistani
Slovak	žaba		'frog'
Spanish	Andean	hacer				'do'
marrón, ratón	,	'brown', 'mouse'	See Spanish phonology
Swedish	last=Elert	first=Claes-Christian	year=2000	trans-title=General and Swedish phonetics	language=sv	place=Stockholm	edition=8	page=?}}
Taruma	hoza		'rain'	Main allophone of a marginal retroflex phoneme, with as quasi-allohpone word initially before .
Tilquiapan Zapotec	?		'bottom'
Torwali	ݜوڙ		'straight'
Ubykh		'firewood'	See Ubykh phonology
Ukrainian	жaбa/žaba		'frog'	See Ukrainian phonology
Upper Sorbian	Some dialects
Yi	ꏜ ry		'grass'

Voiced retroflex non-sibilant fricative

Features

Features of a voiced retroflex non-sibilant fricative:

Occurrence

Language	Word	IPA	Meaning	Notes
English	Eastern Cape	red		'red'

Citations

References

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References

Phoible.org. (2018). PHOIBLE Online – Segments. [online] Available at: http://phoible.org/parameters.
{{Harvcoltxt. Šewc-Schuster. 1984
{{Harvcoltxt. Zygis. 2003
{{Harvcoltxt. Hamann. 2004
"Gwary polskie – Frykatywne rż (ř)".
"Gwary polskie – Gwara regionu".
"Gwary polskie – Szadzenie".
{{Harvcoltxt. Hamann. 2004
Ziya, Muhammad Amin. (2010). "ݜِناٗ - اُردو لغت". Zia Publications.
{{Harvcoltxt. Hanulíková. Hamann. 2010
Serke, Anna. (2022). "A description of Taruma phonology". Universiteit Leiden.
{{harvcoltxt. Merrill. 2008
{{Harvcoltxt. Lunsford. 2001
{{Harvcoltxt. Šewc-Schuster. 1984
{{Harvcoltxt. Zygis. 2003
{{Harvcoltxt. Ladefoged. Maddieson. 1996

Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

fricative-consonants pulmonic-consonants voiced-oral-consonants retroflex-consonants median-consonants

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