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Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko

Soviet and Russian theatre director, writer, playwright, and producer

Field	Value
name	Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko
native_name	Владимир Немирович-Данченко
image	Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko 1937.jpg
birth_name	Vladimir Ivanovich Danchenko
birth_date
birth_place	Shemokmedi, Russian Empire
death_date
death_place	Moscow, Russian SFSR,
Soviet Union
resting_place	Novodevichy Cemetery, Moscow
alma_mater	Moscow State University
occupation	Actor
Theatre director
Theatre pedagogist
movement	Naturalism
Symbolism
Psychological realism
Socialist realism
notableworks	Founder of the Moscow Art Theatre and Stanislavski and Nemirovich-Danchenko Theatre

Soviet Union Theatre director Theatre pedagogist Symbolism Psychological realism Socialist realism

Vladimir Ivanovich Nemirovich-Danchenko (; – 25 April 1943) was a Soviet and Russian theatre director, writer, pedagogue, playwright, producer and theatre administrator, who founded the Moscow Art Theatre with his colleague, Konstantin Stanislavski, in 1898.

Biography

Vladimir Ivanovich Danchenko was born into a Russian noble family of mixed Ukrainian-Armenian descent, in the village of Shemokmedi near Ozurgeti (Guria, Georgia). His father, Ivan Danchenko, was an officer in the Imperial Russian Army, and his mother, Aleksandra Yagubyan (1829–1914), was Armenian from the Governorate of Tiflis. He went to high school in Tbilisi, continuing his education at Moscow State University (physical-mathematical and juridical departments, 1876–1879).

In 1879, he left the university for the theatre, starting as a theatre critic, and in 1881, his first play "Dog-rose", which was staged in one year by Maly Theatre, was published. He was a teacher of Ivan Moskvin, Olga Knipper and Vsevolod Meyerhold.

In 1919, he established the Musical Theatre of the Moscow Art Theatre, which was reformed into the Nemirovich-Danchenko Musical Theatre in 1926. In 1943 Nemirovich-Danchenko established the Moscow Art Theatre School, which is still extant.

He died of a heart attack on 25 April 1943, aged 84, in Moscow.

Legacy

Nemirovich-Danchenko's Moscow Art Theatre staged Chekhov and Gorky drama with theretofore unknown naturalism and full expression. In addition, his theatre presented highly acclaimed Dostoevsky and Tolstoy dramatizations. It has been said that "If Stanislavski was the soul of Art Theatre, then Nemirovich was its heart".

Russian 1998 commemorative postage stamp of Stanislavski and Nemirovich-Danchenko

Nemirovich-Danchenko created the Moscow Art Theatre's acting and directing style, known for "actors ensemble" and its "atmosphere". Because of his directorial and production skills, the Moscow Art Theatre was considered, at the time, the best theatre in the Soviet Union. But Nemirovich didn't write down his acting "system" and we know only the "system of Stanislavski". He was one of the first recipients of the title of People's Artist of the USSR in 1936. Later, he was awarded the Order of Lenin (3 May 1937) and the Stalin Prize (1942, 1943).

Productions

The Brothers Karamazov (1910)
Resurrection (1930)
Anna Karenina (1937)
Three Sisters (1940)

References

"Немирович-Данченко Владимир Иванович".
(2004). "In Hollywood with Nemirovich-Danchenko, 1926–1927: the memoirs of Sergei Bertensson". Scarecrow Press.
"История Школы-студии MXAT".
Radischeva, O.A. (1997) [http://teatr-lib.ru/Library/Radischeva/Otnosheniya_1/ ''Станиславский и Немирович-Данченко: История театральных отношений: 1897 – 1908'']. Moscow: Artist. Rezhisser. Teatr.

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