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Vestes

Court title during the Byzantine Empire


Court title during the Byzantine Empire

grc ( was a Byzantine court title used in the 10th and 11th centuries.

The term is etymologically connected to the grc, the imperial wardrobe, but despite earlier attempts to connect the grc and the related title of grc, the head of the class of the grc, with the officials of the grc, no such relation appears to have existed.

The title is first attested for the reign of Emperor John I Tzimiskes (), when it was held by Nikephoros Phokas, son of the grc Leo Phokas. The title remained high in the Byzantine imperial hierarchy throughout most of the 11th century, being often combined with the title of grc and awarded to prominent generals, among others Isaac Komnenos (emperor in 1057–1059) when he was grc of the East, Leo Tornikios and Nikephoros Botaneiates (emperor in 1078–1081) during his tenure as grc of Edessa and Antioch. The Escorial Taktikon, a list of offices and court titles and their precedence compiled in the 970s, distinguishes between "bearded" (grc) grc, who also held the titles of grc or grc, and the eunuch (grc) grc, who held the title of grc.

As with other titles of the middle Byzantine period, the prestige of grc declined towards the end of the 11th century, when it is attested as being held by lower-ranking officials. To counter this devaluation, the superior title of grc (Greek: πρωτοβέστης, 'first grc') appeared at the same time. Both titles, however, do not appear to have survived the reign of Emperor Alexios I Komnenos ().

References

Sources

References

  1. {{harvnb. Kazhdan. 1991
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