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Ventral lateral nucleus

FieldValue
NameVentral lateral nucleus
ImageThalamicNuclei.svg
CaptionThalamic nuclei:
MNG = Midline nuclear group
AN = Anterior nuclear group
MD = Medial dorsal nucleus
VNG = Ventral nuclear group
VA = Ventral anterior nucleus
VL = Ventral lateral nucleus
VPL = Ventral posterolateral nucleus
VPM = Ventral posteromedial nucleus
LNG = Lateral nuclear group
PUL = Pulvinar
MTh = Metathalamus
LG = Lateral geniculate nucleus
MG = Medial geniculate nucleus
Image2Thalmus.png
Caption2Thalamic nuclei

MNG = Midline nuclear group AN = Anterior nuclear group MD = Medial dorsal nucleus VNG = Ventral nuclear group VA = Ventral anterior nucleus VL = Ventral lateral nucleus VPL = Ventral posterolateral nucleus VPM = Ventral posteromedial nucleus LNG = Lateral nuclear group PUL = Pulvinar MTh = Metathalamus LG = Lateral geniculate nucleus MG = Medial geniculate nucleus The ventral lateral nucleus (VL) is a nucleus in the ventral nuclear group of the thalamus.

Inputs and outputs

It receives neuronal inputs from the basal ganglia which includes the substantia nigra and the globus pallidus (via the thalamic fasciculus). It also has inputs from the cerebellum (via the dentatothalamic tract).

It sends neuronal output to the primary motor cortex and premotor cortex.

The ventral lateral nucleus in the thalamus forms the motor functional division in the thalamic nuclei along with the ventral anterior nucleus. The ventral lateral nucleus receives motor information from the cerebellum and the globus pallidus. Output from the ventral lateral nucleus then goes to the primary motor cortex and premotor cortex.

Functions

The function of the ventral lateral nucleus is to target efferents including the motor cortex, premotor cortex, and supplementary motor cortex. Therefore, its function helps the coordination and planning of movement. It also plays a role in the learning of movement.

Clinical significance

A lesion of the VL has been associated with synesthesia.

Subdivisions

The subdivisions of the ventral lateral nucleus include the following nuclei.

  • ventral medial nucleus ( medial part of ventral lateral nucleus)
  • anterior ventral lateral nucleus (pallidal inputs, projects mainly to premotor cortex)
  • posterior ventral lateral nucleus (cerebellar inputs, principal relay to motor cortex)

Additional images

File:Constudthal.gif|Thalamus File:Territoriostalamo.svg|Thalamus

References

References

  1. Orrison Jr., W. (2008). Atlas of Brain Function. New York: Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc.
  2. Crosson, B., (1992). Subcortical Functions in Language and Memory. New York: The Guliford Press.
  3. (2007). "Feeling sounds after a thalamic lesion". Annals of Neurology.
  4. [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=340 BrainInfo NeuroName 340]
  5. [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=338 BrainInfo NeuroName 338]
  6. [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=339 BrainInfo NeuroName 339]
  7. (1998). "Viewpoint: The core and matrix of thalamic organization". Neuroscience.
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