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USA-10

American navigation satellite used for GPS

Field	Value
name	USA-10
names_list	Navstar 11
GPS I-11
GPS SVN-11
image_size	290px
mission_type	Navigation
Technology
operator	U.S. Air Force
COSPAR_ID	1985-093A
SATCAT	16129
mission_duration	5 years (planned)
8.5 years (achieved)
spacecraft	Navstar
spacecraft_type	GPS Block I
manufacturer	Rockwell Space Systems
launch_mass	758 kg
dimensions	5.3 meters of long
power	400 watts
launch_date	9 October 1985, 02:53 UTC
launch_rocket	Atlas E / SGS-2
(Atlas-55E)
launch_site	Vandenberg, SLC-3W
launch_contractor	Convair
General Dynamics
entered_service	8 November 1985
deactivated	14 April 1994
orbit_reference	Geocentric orbit
orbit_regime	Medium Earth orbit
(Semi-synchronous)
orbit_periapsis	19829 km
orbit_apoapsis	20532 km
orbit_inclination	63.40°
orbit_period	717.90 minutes
apsis	gee
programme	Global Positioning System
previous_mission	USA-5 (Navstar 10)
next_mission	USA-35 (Navstar 12)

GPS I-11 GPS SVN-11

Technology 8.5 years (achieved)

(Atlas-55E) General Dynamics

(Semi-synchronous)

USA-10, also known as Navstar 11, GPS I-11 and GPS SVN-11, was an American navigation satellite launched in 1985 as part of the Global Positioning System development programme. It was the last of eleven Block I GPS satellites to be launched.

Background

Global Positioning System (GPS) was developed by the U.S. Department of Defense to provide all-weather round-the-clock navigation capabilities for military ground, sea, and air forces. Since its implementation, GPS has also become an integral asset in numerous civilian applications and industries around the globe, including recreational used (e.g., boating, aircraft, hiking), corporate vehicle fleet tracking, and surveying. GPS employs 24 spacecraft in 20,200 km circular orbits inclined at 55°. These vehicles are placed in 6 orbit planes with four operational satellites in each plane.

Spacecraft

The first eleven spacecraft (GPS Block 1) were used to demonstrate the feasibility of the GPS system. They were 3-axis stabilized, nadir pointing using reaction wheels. Dual solar arrays supplied over 400 watts. They had S-band communications for control and telemetry and Ultra high frequency (UHF) cross-link between spacecraft. They were manufactured by Rockwell Space Systems, were 5.3 meters across with solar panels deployed, and had a design life expectancy of 5 years. Unlike the later operational satellites, GPS Block 1 spacecraft were inclined at 63°.

Launch

USA-10 was launched at 02:53 UTC on 9 October 1985, atop an Atlas E launch vehicle with an SGS-2 upper stage. The Atlas used had the serial number 55E, and was originally built as an Atlas E. The launch took place from Space Launch Complex 3W at Vandenberg Air Force Base, and placed USA-10 into a transfer orbit. The satellite raised itself into medium Earth orbit using a Star-27 apogee motor.

Mission

By 8 November 1985, USA-10 had been raised to an orbit with a perigee of 19829 km, an apogee of 20532 km, a period of 717.90 minutes, and 63.40° of inclination to the equator. The satellite had a design life of 5 years and a mass of 758 kg. It broadcast the PRN 03 signal in the GPS demonstration constellation, and was retired from service on 14 April 1994.

References

(14 May 2020). "Navstar 11 1985-093A". NASA.
McDowell, Jonathan. "Launch Log". Jonathan's Space Report.
McDowell, Jonathan. "Launch List". Jonathan's Space Report.
Krebs, Gunter. "GPS (Navstar)". Gunter's Space Report.
McDowell, Jonathan. "Satellite Catalog". Jonathan's Space Report.

Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

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