From Surf Wiki (app.surf) — the open knowledge base
United States Deputy Secretary of State
Deputy head of the US Department of State
Deputy head of the US Department of State
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| post | United States Deputy Secretary of State |
| flag | Flag of the United States Deputy Secretary of State.svg |
| flagsize | 130 |
| flagcaption | Flag of the deputy secretary of state |
| insignia | US Department of State official seal.svg |
| insigniasize | 120 |
| insigniacaption | Seal of the Department of State |
| image | Deputy Secretary Christopher Landau Official Portrait.png |
| incumbent | Christopher Landau |
| incumbentsince | March 25, 2025 |
| department | Department of State |
| reports_to | U.S. Secretary of State |
| seat | Washington, D.C. |
| appointer | The president |
| appointer_qualified | with Senate advice and consent |
| termlength | No fixed term |
| formation | July 13, 1972 |
| first | John N. Irwin II |
| salary | Executive Schedule, Level 2 |
| website |
The deputy secretary of state of the United States is the principal deputy to the secretary of state. If the secretary of state resigns or dies, the deputy secretary of state becomes acting secretary of state until the president nominates and the Senate confirms a replacement. The position was created in 1972. Prior to July 13, 1972, the under secretary of state had been the second ranking officer of the Department of State.
The State Department is the only federal cabinet-level agency to have two co-equal deputy secretaries. The second deputy secretary of state, the deputy secretary of state for management and resources, serves as the "first assistant" for the purposes of the Vacancies Reform Act, but both deputy secretaries have full delegated authority to act for the secretary, if not otherwise prohibited by law.
Certain deputy secretaries of state went on to become appointed as the secretary of state, such as Lawrence Eagleburger in 1992, Warren Christopher in 1993, and Antony Blinken in 2021.
List of under secretaries of state (until 1972)
Main article: United States Under Secretary of State#Under secretaries of state, 1919–1972
- 1919–1920: Frank Polk
- 1920–1921: Norman Davis
- 1921–1922: Henry P. Fletcher
- 1922–1924: William Phillips (first stint)
- 1924–1927: Joseph Grew (first stint)
- 1927–1928: Robert E. Olds
- 1928–1929: J. Reuben Clark
- 1929–1931: Joseph P. Cotton
- 1931–1933: William R. Castle Jr.
- 1933–1936: William Phillips (second stint)
- 1937–1943: Sumner Welles
- 1943–1944: Edward Stettinius Jr.
- 1944–1945: Joseph Grew (second stint)
- 1945–1947: Dean Acheson
- 1947–1949: Robert A. Lovett
- 1949–1952: James E. Webb
- 1952–1953: David K. E. Bruce
- 1953–1954: Walter Bedell Smith
- 1954–1957: Herbert Hoover Jr.
- 1957–1959: Christian Herter
- 1959–1961: C. Douglas Dillon
- 1961: Chester Bowles
- 1961–1966: George Ball
- 1966–1969: Nicholas Katzenbach
- 1969–1970: Elliot Richardson
- 1970–1972: John N. Irwin II
List of deputy secretaries of state
| # | Portrait | Name | Term began | Term ended | President(s) served under | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | [[File:John N. Irwin, II.jpg | 75px]] | John N. Irwin II | July 13, 1972 | February 1, 1973 | Richard Nixon |
| 2 | [[File:Kenneth-Rush-1977.jpg | 75px]] | Kenneth Rush | February 2, 1973 | May 29, 1974 | |
| 3 | [[File:Robert S. Ingersoll.jpg | 75px]] | Robert S. Ingersoll | July 10, 1974 | March 31, 1976 | |
| Gerald Ford | ||||||
| 4 | [[File:Charles W. Robinson.JPG | 75px]] | Charles W. Robinson | April 9, 1976 | January 20, 1977 | |
| 5 | [[File:Warren Christopher.jpg | 75px]] | Warren Christopher | February 26, 1977 | January 16, 1981 | Jimmy Carter |
| 6 | [[File:William patrick clark.png | 75px]] | William P. Clark Jr. | February 25, 1981 | February 9, 1982 | Ronald Reagan |
| 7 | [[File:Walter J. Stoessel, Jr.jpg | 75px]] | Walter J. Stoessel Jr. | February 11, 1982 | September 22, 1982 | |
| 8 | [[File:Kenneth Dam.jpg | 75px]] | Kenneth W. Dam | September 23, 1982 | June 15, 1985 | |
| 9 | [[File:John C Whitehead.png | 75px]] | John C. Whitehead | July 9, 1985 | January 20, 1989 | |
| 10 | [[File:Lawrence Eagleburger.jpg | 75px]] | Lawrence Eagleburger | January 20, 1989 | December 8, 1992 | George H. W. Bush |
| 11 | [[File:CRW JR 1987.JPG | 96x96px]] | Clifton R. Wharton Jr. | January 27, 1993 | November 8, 1993 | Bill Clinton |
| 12 | [[File:StrobeTalbott.jpg | 75px]] | Strobe Talbott | February 22, 1994 | January 19, 2001 | |
| 13 | [[File:Richard L. Armitage.jpeg | 75px]] | Richard Armitage | March 26, 2001 | February 22, 2005 | George W. Bush |
| 14 | [[File:Zoellick, Robert (official portrait 2008).jpg | 75px]] | Robert Zoellick | February 22, 2005 | July 7, 2006 | |
| 15 | [[File:John Negroponte official portrait State.jpg | 75px]] | John Negroponte | February 13, 2007 | January 28, 2009 | |
| 16 | [[File:Jim Steinberg.jpg | 75px]] | James Steinberg | January 28, 2009 | July 28, 2011 | Barack Obama |
| 17 | [[File:AmbassadorBurns.jpg | 75px]] | William J. Burns | July 28, 2011 | November 3, 2014 | |
| – | [[File:Wendy R. Sherman.jpg | 75px]] | Wendy Sherman | |||
| Acting | November 3, 2014 | January 9, 2015 | ||||
| 18 | [[File:Antony Blinken.jpg | 75px]] | Antony Blinken | January 9, 2015 | January 20, 2017 | |
| – | [[File:Ambassador Thomas Shannon.jpg | 75px]] | Thomas A. Shannon Jr. | |||
| Acting | February 1, 2017 | May 24, 2017 | Donald Trump | |||
| 19 | [[File:John J Sullivan.jpg | 75px]] | John J. Sullivan | May 24, 2017 | December 20, 2019 | |
| 20 | [[File:Stephen E. Biegun official photo.jpg | 75px]] | Stephen Biegun | December 21, 2019 | January 20, 2021 | |
| – | [[File:Daniel Bennett Smith ambassador.jpg | 94x94px]] | Daniel Bennett Smith | |||
| Acting | January 26, 2021 | April 14, 2021 | Joe Biden | |||
| 21 | [[File:Deputy Secretary Sherman's Official Photo (51142275093).jpg | 75px]] | Wendy Sherman | April 14, 2021 | July 28, 2023 | |
| – | [[File:Victoria Nuland 2021.jpg | 75px]] | Victoria Nuland | |||
| Acting | July 29, 2023 | February 12, 2024 | ||||
| 22 | [[File:Kurt Campbell as Deputy Secretary of State.jpg | 75px]] | Kurt M. Campbell | February 12, 2024 | January 20, 2025 | |
| 23 | [[File:Deputy Secretary Christopher Landau Official Portrait.png | 75px]] | Christopher Landau | March 25, 2025 | Incumbent | Donald Trump |
References
References
- (n.d.). "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Lawrence Sidney Eagleburger (1930–2011)". [[U.S. Department of State]].
- (n.d.). "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Warren Minor Christopher (1925–2011)". [[U.S. Department of State]].
- (n.d.). "Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Antony Blinken (1962–)". [[U.S. Department of State]].
This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.
Ask Mako anything about United States Deputy Secretary of State — get instant answers, deeper analysis, and related topics.
Research with MakoFree with your Surf account
Create a free account to save articles, ask Mako questions, and organize your research.
Sign up freeThis content may have been generated or modified by AI. CloudSurf Software LLC is not responsible for the accuracy, completeness, or reliability of AI-generated content. Always verify important information from primary sources.
Report