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Umbilical artery

Artery in the abdominal and pelvic regions

Field	Value
Name	Umbilical artery
Latin	arteria umbilicalis
Image	Gray502.png
Caption	Fetal circulation; the umbilical vein is the large, red vessel at the far left. The umbilical arteries are purple and wrap around the umbilical vein.
Image2	Gray39.png
Caption2	Scheme of placental circulation.
BranchFrom	Internal iliac artery
BranchTo	Superior vesical artery
artery of the ductus deferens
Vein	Umbilical vein

artery of the ductus deferens The umbilical artery is a paired artery (with one for each half of the body) that is found in the abdominal and pelvic regions. In the fetus, it extends into the umbilical cord.

Structure

Development

The umbilical arteries supply systemic arterial blood from the fetus to the placenta. Umbilical artery blood is enriched in CO2 and deoxygenated in comparison with other fetal blood.{{cite book

The umbilical arteries are actually the anterior division of the internal iliac arteries, and retain part of this function after birth.

The umbilical arteries are one of two arteries in the human body that carry deoxygenated blood, the other being the pulmonary arteries.

The pressure inside the umbilical artery is approximately 50 mmHg. Resistance to blood flow decreases during development as the artery grows wider.

After development

The umbilical artery regresses after birth. A portion obliterates to become the medial umbilical ligament (not to be confused with the median umbilical ligament, a different structure that represents the remnant of the embryonic urachus). A portion remains open as a branch of the anterior division of the internal iliac artery. The umbilical artery is found in the pelvis, and gives rise to the superior vesical arteries, which in males usually supplies the artery to the ductus deferens. Alternately, the latter artery can be supplied by the inferior vesical artery in some individuals.

Clinical significance

A catheter may be inserted into one of the umbilical arteries of critically ill babies for drawing blood for testing. This is a common procedure in neonatal intensive care, and can often be performed until 2 weeks after birth (when the arteries start to decay too much). The umbilical arteries are typically not suitable for infusions.

Additional images

File:Gray31.png|Model of human embryo, 1.3 mm. long. File:Gray1111.png|Transverse section of human embryo, eight and a half to nine weeks old. File:Gray1115.png|Tail end of human embryo, twenty-five to twenty-nine days old. File:Inguinal fossae.PNG|Inguinal fossae File:Slide4khi.JPG|Umbilical artery. Deep dissection. Anterior view. File:Slide4BLA.JPG|Umbilical artery. Deep dissection. Serial cross-section.

References

(2007). "Anthropometry of fetal vasculature in the chorionic plate". Journal of Anatomy.
(2004-01-01). "Chapter 72 - Regulation of Umbilical Blood Flow". W.B. Saunders.
[https://web.archive.org/web/20080606235940/http://www.embryology.ch/anglais/fplacenta/circulplac01.html Fetal and maternal blood circulation systems] From Online course in embryology for medicine students. Universities of Fribourg, Lausanne and Bern (Switzerland). Retrieved on 6 April 2009
(2009-01-01). "Chapter 11 - Evaluation of fetal and uteroplacental blood flow". Elsevier.
Bell, Edward F.. (2011-01-01). "27 - Nutritional Support". W.B. Saunders.
(2003-01-01). "Chapter 17 - BLOOD GASES: Technical Aspects and Interpretation". W.B. Saunders.
(2019-01-01). "49 - Procedures for Vascular Access". Elsevier.

Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

arteries-of-the-abdomen embryology-of-cardiovascular-system

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