Ulmus 'Rugosa'

Description

Revue Horticole (1829) described "l'orme d'Avignon" as a tall tree with downy buds producing large wrinkled leaves, elliptical in shape and tapering at both ends, with deeply double-toothed margins. Loudon described his Ulmus montana var. rugosa as having "dark, reddish-brown bark, cracking into short regular pieces, very like Acer campestre; a tree of spreading growth and moderate size".

Hanham's Manual for Royal Victoria Park, Bath (1857) described the U. montana rugosa in that collection as "a spreading and moderate-sized tree, with rather irregular and contorted branches", its wrinkled leaves being "much smaller and rougher than the species and a deeper green".

Koch (1872) described Loddiges' Ulmus montana rugosa, "now cultivated under this name in the gardens and nurseries", as an elm "with elongated, thickish, deep-toothed leaves and with soft-haired young twigs". Though he had not seen its samarae, he was confident that it was "a very different elm" from the field elm 'Rugosa' cultivar. Noting similarities between Ulmus montana rugosa and Ulmus crispa Willdenow, he conjectured that Ulmus montana rugosa, which has "similar but less frizzy leaves", may have arisen from Ulmus crispa. The 'Rugosa' of Hartwig and Rümpler was described as having somewhat folded leaves, and being pyramidal, thick and bushy.

Pests and diseases

Not known.

Cultivation

Loudon considered a tree labelled U. montana rugosa in the London Horticultural Society's Garden, with upright form and smaller, rougher leaves of a deeper green than those of wych elm, "probably not the U. montana rugosa of Mr. Masters". A specimen of U. montana rugosa, "the rugose Scotch elm", was among elms described at Royal Victoria Park, Bath, in the 1850s.The Hesse Nursery of Weener, Germany, sold an Ulmus montana rugosa in the 1930s.

An Ulmus montana var. rugosa pendula was distributed by the Mount Hope Nursery (also known as Ellwanger and Barry) of Rochester, New York, from the 1880s. As Ulmus montana was used both for wych cultivars and for those of U. × hollandica, the cultivar named ** U. × hollandica 'Rugosa Pendula' ** (though not notably pendulous) growing at the Morton Arboretum (Acc. no. 652-62), received from Arnold Arboretum as Ulmus hollandica 'Rugosa Pendula', is likely to be the Ellwanger and Barry clone. It has leaves of 15cm (see Gallery). Image:U. x hollandica 'Rugosa Pendula'_2.JPG|Ulmus × hollandica 'Rugosa Pendula', Morton Arboretum, US. Image:U. x hollandica 'Rugosa Pendula'.JPG|Leaves of same, Morton Arboretum, US.

Accessions

;North America Morton Arboretum, US.

References

References

1. Audibert, U., ''Catalogue des végétaux de tous genres cultivés dans les jardins et pépinières à Tonelle'' (Tarascon, France, 1817) p.23 [https://books.google.com/books?id=9hcDAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA23 catalogue of 1817]
2. [https://archive.org/details/mobot31753002597844/page/27 'Plantes nouvelles', ''Revue horticole'' (Paris, 1829), p.28]
3. Green, Peter Shaw. (1964). "Registration of cultivar names in Ulmus". [[Arnold Arboretum]], [[Harvard University]].
4. Hartwig and Rümpler, [http://hdl.handle.net/2027/hvd.32044103113908?urlappend=%3Bseq=603 ''Illustrirtes Gehölzbuch'' 583, 1875]
5. [http://science.udau.edu.ua/assets/files/maslovata-mamchur-parubok.pdf Herbarium specimen of an ''U.'' × ''hollandica'' labelled ''U. montana rugosa'' Hort., science.udau.edu.ua]
6. Loudon, [https://archive.org/stream/arboretumetfruti03loudrich#page/1398/mode/1up ''Arboretum et Fruticetum Britannicum'', 3: 1398, 1838]
7. Masters, William. (1831). "Hortus Duroverni".
8. (1902–1903). "Katalog". L. Späth Baumschulenweg.
9. [https://archive.org/details/manualforparkorb00hanh/page/210/mode/2up Hanham, Frederick, ''A Manual for the Park: or, A botanical arrangement and description of the trees and shrubs in the Royal Victoria Park, Bath'' (London, 1857), p.210]
10. Hanham, F. (1857). [https://books.google.com/books?id=1klKAAAAYAAJ ''A Manual for the Park''] (Royal Victoria Park, Bath). Longman, London.
11. Koch, Karl. (1872). "Dendrologie; Bäume, Sträucher und Halbsträucher, welche in Mittel- und Nord- Europa im Freien kultivirt werden". Nature.
12. Koch, Karl. (1872). "Dendrologie; Bäume, Sträucher und Halbsträucher, welche in Mittel- und Nord- Europa im Freien kultivirt werden". Nature.
13. It was still present in 1902.Inman, Frederic (1905) [https://archive.org/details/proceedingsofbat10bath/page/37/mode/1up 'The Elm, with a Notice of some Remarkable Varieties in the Victoria Park, Bath', January 1902, from ''Proceedings of the Bath natural history and antiquarian field club'', vol.10], p.37. Bath.
14. (1933). "Preis- und Sortenliste".
15. [https://archive.org/details/descriptivecatal1880ellw/page/38 Ellwanger & Barry, ''Descriptive catalogue of hardy ornamental trees, shrubs, etc.'' (Rochester, NY, 1880), p.38]
16. "quercus.mortonarb.org Ulmus hollandica 'Rugosa Pendula'".
17. [https://acorn.mortonarb.org/Detail/collections/10972 Photographs of ''Ulmus × hollandica'' 'Rugosa Pendula', Morton Arboretum, 'Ulmus Series', acorn.mortonarb.org]
18. {{Naturalis Biodiversity Center
19. {{Naturalis Biodiversity Center
20. [https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:856868-1/images Kew Plants of the World Online: ' ''Ulmus × hollandica'' Mill. Images'; photo of Morton Arboretum's 'Rugosa Pendula': Image 44 of 52; ID:1433561; powo.science.kew.org]