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Type 052 destroyer

Class of Chinese guided missile destroyers

Field	Value
section1	{{Infobox ship/image
image	Flickr - Israel Defense Forces - 20 Years of Cooperation with the Chinese Navy (5).jpg
image_caption	Qingdao at Haifa port, Israel in 2012
section2	{{Infobox ship/class overview
builders	Jiangnan Shipyard
operators	Surface Force
class_before	Type 051
class_after	Type 051B
built_range	1990 – 1996
in_service_range	1994 – present
total_ships_completed	2
total_ships_active	2
section3	{{Infobox ship/characteristics
type	Guided-missile destroyer
displacement	4,674 tons
length	144 m
beam	16 m
draught	5.1 m
propulsion	*2 x General Electric LM2500 gas turbines (55000 shp) (112)
*2 x Zorya-Mashproekt DA80 gas turbines ({{convert	48600	shp	kW	-2	abbr	on}}) (113)
*2 x MTU 12V 1163 TB83 diesels ({{convert	8840	shp	kW	-2	abbr	on}})
speed	31 kn
range	5000 nmi at 15 kn
complement	266
sensors	*Type 517B air search radar
*Type 363S air/surface search radar<ref name	"jfs_2015-2016"/
*Type 364 surface search radar<ref name	"jfs_2015-2016"/
*Type 344 fire control radar<ref name	"jfs_2015-2016"/
*Type 345 fire control radar<ref name	"jfs_2015-2016"/
*DUBV 23 hull mounted sonar<ref name	"jfs_2015-2016"/
*Linear towed array sonar<ref name	"jfs_2015-2016"/
EW	*Rapids (ESM)
*Scimitar (ECM)<ref name	"jfs_2015-2016"/
armament	*4 × 4 YJ-83 anti-ship missiles
*1 × 8-cell HQ-7 SAM<ref name	"jfs_2015-2016"/
*1 × twin 100 mm/56 H/PJ-33B gun<ref name	"jfs_2015-2016"/
*2 x Type 730 CIWS<ref name	"jfs_2015-2016"/
*2 x triple 324 mm Whitehead B515 torpedo tubes carrying Yu-7<ref name	"jfs_2015-2016"/
*2 x 12-tube FQF 2500 ASW rocket launchers<ref name	"jfs_2015-2016"/
aircraft	2 helicopters: Harbin Z-9C
aircraft_facilities	*Landing platform
*Hangar<ref name	"jfs_2015-2016"/
*DCN Samahe 110N helicopter landing system<ref name	"jfs_2015-2016"/

2 x Zorya-Mashproekt DA80 gas turbines (48600 shp) (113)
2 x MTU 12V 1163 TB83 diesels (8840 shp)
Type 363S air/surface search radar
Type 364 surface search radar
Type 344 fire control radar
Type 345 fire control radar
DUBV 23 hull mounted sonar
Linear towed array sonar
Scimitar (ECM)
1 × 8-cell HQ-7 SAM
1 × twin 100 mm/56 H/PJ-33B gun
2 x Type 730 CIWS
2 x triple 324 mm Whitehead B515 torpedo tubes carrying Yu-7
2 x 12-tube FQF 2500 ASW rocket launchers
Hangar
DCN Samahe 110N helicopter landing system

The Type 052 (NATO/OSD Luhu-class destroyer) is a class of destroyers developed in the People's Republic of China (PRC) for the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN). The Type 052 was an intermediate between the obsolescent Type 051 and the modern Type 052B destroyers. They were the first PLAN destroyers powered by gas turbines, and the first PLAN ships with modern combat direction systems (CDS). They were also part of the first generation of PLAN warships armed with surface-to-air missiles in the form of the short-range Crotale (called HQ-7 in Chinese service.)

The Type 052 used subsystems imported from the United States and the European Union. The embargo after the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre ended the supply of and support for those subsystems, limiting production to two ships and likely affecting their operating efficiency due to system integration issues. Afterward, China turned to Russia and Ukraine for technology.

Programme

The Type 052 was the first PLAN warship where the CDS was designed before the ship. The CDS, possible the ZKJ-6 based on the Italian IPN-10 or IPN-20, began development in 1983 and underwent land-based testing in December 1986. Two ships were ordered in 1985, but delayed by export orders to Thailand. The first, Harbin, was laid down in November 1990 and commissioned in July 1994. Qingdao was commissioned in March 1996.

In 2003, Harbin was refitted with a low radar profile 100mm gun turret in 2003; Qingdao followed in 2005.

A major refit began in 2010 for Harbin and Qingdao in 2011 which included changes to sensors and weapons, gas turbine replacement, and some hull work.

Design

Machinery

The ships were completed with different gas turbines due to the embargo; Harbin with two General Electric LM2500s from the United States, and Qingdao with two Zorya-Mashproekt DA80s from Ukraine.

Sensors

The original sensors included the Type 518 air search radar, the Type 362 search radar, and the French DUBV-43 variable depth sonar. These were replaced during the 2010 refit with the Type 517 radar, the Type 362 radar, and a linear towed array sonar respectively.

Weapons

The ships are armed with an octuple HQ-7/Crotale launcher, and a total of 32 missiles. France agreed to sell the missile systems in 1986, and they were delivered after October 1990.

Four Type 76A twin 37 mm guns were installed at construction. They were removed during 2010 refit, and the aft pair replaced by a pair of Type 730 CIWS.

Other

The CDS installed on the Type 052 is unclear. One ship may have received the Thomson-CSF TAVITAC; the PRC bought two TAVITACs from France in the 1980s. The TAVITAC may be known as, or modified into, the ZKJ-5 CDS in PRC service. The other ship may have received the ZKJ-6.

The quarterdecks were built open, and enclosed during the 2010 refit.

The ships may have had severe survivability issues like earlier PLAN warships. Observations by foreign visitors to Harbin in March 1997 suggested limited damage control capability and crew safety features.

Operational history

Qingdao participated in the PLAN's first cruise to circumnavigate Earth in 2002. German technicians were flown in to repair its diesel engines during the cruise.

Ships of the class

Number	Pennant
number	Name	Namesake	Builder	Launched	Commissioned	Fleet	Status
1	112	哈尔滨 / Harbin	City of Harbin,
provincial capital of Heilongjiang	Jiangnan Shipyard	October 1991	July 1994	North Sea Fleet	Active
2	113	青岛 / Qingdao	City of Qingdao	Jiangnan Shipyard	October 1993	March 1996	North Sea Fleet	Active

Gallery

Defense.gov News Photo 970309-N-9815L-005.jpg|Harbin at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, in 1997 with the original main gun turret. People's Liberation Army Navy LUHU Destroyer, Harbin (DDG112).jpg|Harbin at Auckland, New Zealand, in 2007 with the low radar profile turret. CNS_Qingdao_(DDG-113).jpg|Qingdao in 2013 after the major refit.

References

Bibliography

References

(February 2015). "China Equipment".
Kirchberger (2015): page 186
Kirchberger (2015): page 195
McDevitt (2017): page 57
Kirchberger (2015): page 231
Kirchberger (2015): page 143
Kirchberger (2015): page 188
(2015). "Jane's Fighting Ships 2015-2016". Jane's Information Group.
Collins and Grubb (2008): page 36
(2009). "Jane's Fighting Ships 2009-2010". Jane's Information Group.
Collins and Grubb (2008): page 32
(1995). "China's Arms Acquisitions from Abroad: A Quest for 'Superb and Secret Weapons'". Oxford University Press.
Kirchberger (2015): page 187
Kirchberger (2015): page 185

Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

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