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Trochophore

Type of free-swimming marine larva

Trochophore
Summary

Type of free-swimming marine larva

'''The anatomy of a trochophore'''<br />

A - episphere

B - hyposphere

1 - ganglia

2 - apical tuft

3 - prototroch

4 - metatroch

5 - nephridium

6 - anus

7 - protonephridia

8 - gastrointestinal tract

9 - buccal opening

10 - blastocoele]]

A trochophore () is a type of free-swimming planktonic marine larva with several bands of cilia.

By moving their cilia rapidly, they make a water eddy to control their movement, and to bring their food closer in order to capture it more easily.

Occurrence

Trochophores exist as a larval form within the trochozoan clade, which include the entoprocts, molluscs, annelids (including echiurans and sipunculans) and nemerteans. Together, these phyla make up part of the Lophotrochozoa; it is possible that trochophore larvae were present in the life cycle of the group's common ancestor.

Etymology

The term trochophore derives from the ancient Greek (), meaning "wheel", and () — or () —, meaning 'to bear, to carry', because the larva is bearing a wheel-shaped band of cilia.

Feeding habits

Trochophore larvae are often planktotrophic; that is, they feed on other plankton species.

Life cycle

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The example of the development of the annelid Pomatoceros lamarckii (family Serpulidae) shows various trochophore stages (image: D-F):

D - early trochophore ;

E - complete trochophore ;

F - late trochophore ;

G - metatrochophore.

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Ontogeny of the [[Polyplacophora]]: First image shows the trochophore, second shows the stadium in metamorphosis, third is a juvenile (scanning electron microscope: SEM)

References

References

  1. Bailly, Anatole. "Greek-french dictionary online".
  2. (2006). "The development of the larval nervous system, musculature and ciliary bands of Pomatoceros lamarckii (Annelida): heterochrony in polychaetes.". Frontiers in Zoology.
  3. (2007). "Dynamic expression of ancient and novel molluscan shell genes during ecological transitions". BMC Evolutionary Biology.
Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

larvae lophotrochozoa
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