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Trincomalee District

Administrative district in Eastern, Sri Lanka

Summary

Administrative district in Eastern, Sri Lanka

Field	Value
name	Trincomalee District
native_name	திருக்கோணமலை மாவட்டம்
ත්‍රිකුණාමළය දිස්ත්‍රික්කය
settlement_type	Administrative District
image_skyline	Prima Factory From Sky.jpg
image_caption	Trincomalee Bay
image_map	Sri Lanka districts Trincomalee.svg
map_caption	Location within Sri Lanka
image_map1	Trincomalee District A3.png
map_caption1	Administrative units of Trincomalee District in 2006
coordinates
subdivision_type	Country
subdivision_name	Sri Lanka
subdivision_type1	Province
subdivision_name1	Eastern
established_title	Created
seat_type	Capital
seat	Trincomalee
parts_type	DS Division
parts_style	coll
p1	Gomarankadawala
p2	Kantalai
p3	Kinniya
p4	Kuchchaveli
p5	Morawewa
p6	Muttur
p7	Padavi Siripura
p8	Seruvila
p9	Thampalakamam
p10	Trincomalee Town & Gravets
p11	Verugal & Eachchalampattu
leader_title	District Secretary
leader_name	J. S. D. M. Asanka Abeywardena
leader_title1	MPs
leader_name1	{{Collapsible list
title	List
leader_title2	MPCs
leader_name2	{{Collapsible list
title	List
unit_pref	Metric
area_total_km2	2727
area_land_km2	2529
area_water_km2	198
area_water_percent	7.26
area_rank	11th (4.16% of total area)
population_footnotes
population_total	378182
population_rank	21st (1.87% of total pop.)
population_as_of	2012 census
population_density_km2	auto
demographics_type1	Ethnicity
demographics1_footnotes	(2012 census)
demographics1_title1	Moor
demographics1_info1	163,982 (40.43%)
demographics1_title2	Sri Lankan Tamil
demographics1_info2	115,549 (30.55%)
demographics1_title3	Sinhalese
demographics1_info3	101,991 (26.97%)
demographics1_title4	Indian Tamil
demographics1_info4	6,531 (1.73%)
demographics1_title5	Other
demographics1_info5	1,257 (0.33%)
demographics_type2	Religion
demographics2_footnotes	(2012 census)
demographics2_title1	Muslim
demographics2_info1	166,200 (42.12%)
demographics2_title2	Buddhist
demographics2_info2	98,772 (26.12%)
demographics2_title3	Hindu
demographics2_info3	98,133 (25.95%)
demographics2_title4	Christian
demographics2_info4	21,892 (5.79%)
demographics2_title5	Other
demographics2_info5	134 (0.04%)
timezone1	Sri Lanka
utc_offset1	+05:30
postal_code_type	Post Codes
postal_code	31000-31999
area_code_type	Telephone Codes
area_code	026
iso_code	LK-53
registration_plate	EP
blank_name_sec1	Official Languages
blank_info_sec1	Tamil, Sinhala
website

ත්‍රිකුණාමළය දිස්ත්‍රික්කය | Maharoof | Susantha Punchinilame | R. Sampanthan | Imran maharoof | A. W. G. M. Galappaththy | J. Janarthanan | K. P. P. P. Kumara | | M. N. Abdul Majeed | A. R. Mohamed | S. L. M. H. Moulavi | K. Nageswaran | S. Thandayuthapani | N. G. W. M. J. Wijesekara Trincomalee District ( ; ) is one of the 25 districts of Sri Lanka, the second level administrative division of the country. The district is administered by a District Secretariat headed by a District Secretary (previously known as a Government Agent) appointed by the central government of Sri Lanka. The capital of the district is the city of Trincomalee.

Geography

Trincomalee District is located in the east of Sri Lanka in the Eastern Province. It has an area of 2727 km2.

Etymology

Trincomalee

The city has developed from a village settlement on the promontory dedicated to the Hindu shrine. The origin of the term Ko, Kone and Konatha lies in the Old Tamil word for the terms "Lord", "King" or "Chief", which allude to the deity that presides here; this term appears in several Tamil Brahmi inscriptions of the 6th century BCE — 2nd century CE. Trincomalee, the coastal peninsula town where Koneswaram is located is an anglicized form of the old Tamil word "Thiru-kona-malai" (), meaning "Lord of the Sacred Hill", its earliest reference in this form found in the Tevaram of the 7th century by Sambandhar. Thiru is a generally used epithet denoting a "sacred" temple site while Malai means mountain or hill; Middle Tamil manuscripts and inscriptions mention the monumental compound shrine as the Thirukonamalai Konesar Kovil. Kona () has other meanings in Old Tamil such as peak, while another origin for the term Koneswaram could come from the Tamil term Kuna (East). Therefore, other translators suggest definitions of Trincomalee such as "sacred angular/peaked hill", "sacred eastern hill" or "three peaked hill". The temple was constructed atop Swami Rock, also called Swami Malai or Kona-ma-malai, a cliff on the peninsula that drops 400 feet (120 metres) directly into the sea.

Administrative units

Trincomalee District is divided into 11 Divisional Secretary's Division (DS Divisions), each headed by a Divisional Secretary (previously known as an Assistant Government Agent). The DS Divisions are further sub-divided into 230 Grama Niladhari Divisions (GN Divisions).

DS Division	Main Town	Divisional Secretary	GN
Divisions
Area
(km2)
Population (2012 Census)	Population
Density
(/km2)	Sri Lankan Moors		style="width:70px;"	Sri Lankan
Tamil		style="vertical-align:bottom; width:70px;"	Sinhalese		style="vertical-align:bottom; width:70px;"	Indian
Tamil		style="vertical-align:bottom; width:70px;"	Other		style="vertical-align:bottom; width:70px;"	Total
Gomarankadawala	Gomarankadawala	S. M. C. Samarakoon	10	288	1	25	7,313
Kantalai	Kantalai	K. Premadasha	23	404	5,108	1,534	37,448
Kinniya	Kinniya	M. A. Anas	31	165	58,447	2,522	19
Kuchchaveli	Kuchchaveli	P. Thaneswaran	24	438	21,307	10,553	1,193
Morawewa (Muthalikkulam)	Morawewa	W. M. Bathiya Vijayantha	10	329	1,300	888	5,750
Muttur	Muttur	V. Yoosuf	42	195	34,984	20,935	444
Padavi Siripura	Siripura	V. P. S. Jinadrasena	10	152	1	10	11,846
Seruvila	Seruvila	P. R. Jayarathna	17	311	2,426	1,816	9,293
Thampalakamam (Thambalagamuwa)	Thampalakamam	J. Sripathy	12	226	16,164	4,701	7,476
Trincomalee Town & Gravets	Trincomalee	J.H.Arulraj	42	148	13,113	61,282	21,179
Verugal & Eachchalampattu	Verugal	P. Thanesvaran	9	71	3	11,283	30
Total	230	2,727	152,854	115,549	101,991	6,531	1,257

Demographics

Population

Trincomalee District's population was 378,182 in 2012.

The population of the district, like the rest of the east and north, has been heavily affected by the civil war. The war killed an estimated 100,000 people. Several hundred thousand Sri Lankan Tamils, possibly as much as one million, emigrated to the West during the war.

Ethnicity

| other-label = Others | other-color = grey

Year	Muslim	Tamil	Sinhalese	Other	Total
No.	No.		style="width:50px;"	%		style="width:60px;"	No.	style="width:50px;"	%	style="width:60px;"	No.	style="width:50px;"	%	style="width:60px;"	No.	style="width:50px;"	%
1827	3,245	16.94%	15,663	81.76%	250	1.30%
1881 Census	5,746	25.89%	14,304	64.44%	935	4.21%
1891 Census	6,426	24.96%	17,117	66.49%	1,105	4.29%
1901 Census	8,258	29.04%	17,060	59.98%	1,203	4.23%
1911 Census	9,700	32.60%	17,233	57.92%	1,138	3.82%
1921 Census	12,846	37.66%	18,580	54.47%	1,501	4.40%
1946 Census	23,219	30.58%	33,795	44.51%	11,606	15.29%
1953 Census	28,616	34.10%	37,517	44.71%	15,296	18.23%
1963 Census	40,775	29.43%	54,452	39.30%	39,925	28.82%
1971 Census	59,924	31.83%	71,749	38.11%	54,744	29.08%
1981 Census	75,039	29.32%	93,132	36.39%	85,503	33.41%
2001 Census	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
2007 Enumeration	151,692	45.37%	96,142	28.75%	84,766	25.35%
2012 Census	152,854	40.42%	122,080	32.29%	101,991	26.97%

Religion

Year	Islam	Buddhist	Hindu	Christian	Others	Total
No.	No.		style="width:50px;"	%		style="width:60px;"	No.	style="width:50px;"	%	style="width:60px;"	No.	style="width:50px;"	%	style="width:60px;"	No.	style="width:50px;"	%	style="width:60px;"	No.	style="width:50px;"	%
1981 Census	76,404	29.85%	82,602	32.27%	80,843	31.59%	15,583
2012 Census	159,251	42.11%	98,772	26.12%	98,133	25.95%	21,892

Poverty

In 2016, the district was one of the poorest in Sri Lanka and had the third-highest incidence of extreme poverty according to the World Bank.

Politics and government

Local government

Trincomalee District has 13 local authorities of which two are Urban Councils and the remaining 11 are Divisional Councils (Pradesha Sabhai or Pradeshiya Sabha).

Local Authority	Area	Population	Registered
Electors
(2011)	Elected Members (2011)	UPFA		style="width:50px;"	TNA		style="width:50px;"	UNP	style="width:50px;"	Other	style="width:50px;"	Total	United People's Freedom Alliance}}"	Tamil National Alliance}}"	United National Party}}"
Gomarankadawala Divisional Council			5,831	8	0	1	0	9
Kantalai Divisional Council	397.3	48,632	30,898	8	0	3	0	11
Kinniya Divisional Council			16,626	5	0	2	0	7
Kinniya Urban Council	9.5	44,034	21,069	5	0	1	1	7
Kuchchaveli Divisional Council	333.3	29,967	20,872	6	2	1	0	9
Morawewa Divisional Council	116.0	10,000	8,659	6	0	3	0	9
Muttur Divisional Council	179.4	60,000	37,731	7	3	1	0	11
Padavi Siripura Divisional Council	217.1	13,000	8,362	6	0	1	2	9
Seruvila Divisional Council	277.0	13,886	9,130	7	1	1	0	9
Thampalakamam Divisional Council	244.0	33,967	17,125	6	0	3	0	9
Trincomalee Town and Gravets Divisional Council			31,791	3	5	1	0	9
Trincomalee Urban Council	7.5	101,958	31,927	2	8	1	1	12
Verugal Divisional Council			5,894	1	5	0	1	7
Total			245,915	70	24	19	5	118

Notes

References

"Area of Sri Lanka by province and district". Department of Census & Statistics, Sri Lanka.
(1987). "The reluctant colonists: Netherlanders abroad in the 17th and 18th centuries". Assen, The Netherlands; Wolfeboro, N.H., U.S.A..
(1964). "An outline of the cultural history and principles of Hinduism". Stangard Printers.
(1985). "Sri Lanka". Hong Kong : Apa Productions (HK); [Englewood Cliffs, N.J. : Distributed by] Prentice Hall, 1985.
Indrapala, Karthigesu. (2007). "The evolution of an ethnic identity: The Tamils in Sri Lanka C. 300 BCE to C. 1200 CE". Vijitha Yapa.
(2004). "The Hindu legacy to Sri Lanka". Stamford Lake (Pvt.) Ltd. 2004.
(1843). "Names and Their Histories: A Handbook of Historical Geography and Topographical Nomenclature". BiblioBazaar, LLC.
(2006). "Placenames of the world : origins and meanings of the names for 6,600 countries, cities, territories, natural features, and historic sites". Jefferson, N.C.; London : McFarland & Co., cop. 2006..
(July 1, 2007). "Tirukōṇa-malai (Trincomalee), Kīri-malai, Kutirai-malai". TamilNet.
(October 24, 2010). "Aayiththiyamalai". TamilNet.
"Overview". Trincomalee District Secretariat.
"Land area by province, district and divisional secretariat division". Department of Census & Statistics, Sri Lanka.
"A6 : Population by ethnicity and district according to Divisional Secretary's Division, 2012". Department of Census & Statistics, Sri Lanka.
(20 May 2009). "Up to 100,000 killed in Sri Lanka's civil war: UN". [[ABC News (Australia)]].
Harrison, Frances. (23 July 2003). "Twenty years on – riots that led to war". [[BBC News]].
(2024). "Population by ethnicity according to Divisional Secretariat Divisions, 2024".
"A2 : Population by ethnic group according to districts, 2012". Department of Census & Statistics, Sri Lanka.
"Special Enumeration 2007, Trincomalee". Department of Census & Statistics, Sri Lanka.
"Demographic Changes by the LTTE Peace Secretariat, April 2008". Sangam.
(2024). "Population by religion according to Divisional Secretariat Divisions, 2024".
"A3 : Population by religion according to districts, 2012". Department of Census & Statistics, Sri Lanka.
"Population by religion and district, Census 1981, 2001". Department of Census & Statistics, Sri Lanka.
"Geospatial Poverty Portal: Interactive Maps".
"Local Authorities". Trincomalee District Secretariat.

Wikipedia Source

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