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Tribe (biology)

Taxonomic rank between family and genus

Summary

Taxonomic rank between family and genus

In biology, a tribe is a taxonomic rank above genus, but below family and subfamily. It is sometimes subdivided into subtribes. By convention, all taxa ranked above species are capitalized, including both tribe and subtribe.

In zoology, the standard ending for the name of a zoological tribe is "-ini". Examples include the tribes Caprini (goat-antelopes), Hominini (hominins), Bombini (bumblebees), and Thunnini (tunas). The tribe Hominini is sometimes divided into subtribes; subtribe Hominina then comprises "humans". The standard ending for the name of a zoological subtribe is "-ina".

In botany, the standard ending for the name of a botanical tribe is "-eae". Examples include the tribes Acalypheae and Hyacintheae. The tribe Hyacintheae is divided into subtribes, including the subtribe Massoniinae. The standard ending for the name of a botanical subtribe is "-inae".

In bacteriology, the form of tribe names is as in botany, e.g., Pseudomonadeae, based on the genus name Pseudomonas.

Rank recognition

An unfamiliar taxonomic rank cannot necessarily be identified as a tribe merely by the presence of one of the standard suffixes:

zoological -ini uniquely suffixes the animal tribe
zoological -ina uniquely suffixes the animal subtribe
zoological -inae uniquely suffixes the animal subfamily
botanical -eae also suffixes class -phyceae, suborder -ineae, family -aceae, and subfamily -oideae (these additional -eae ranks are present in bacteria, plants, algae, and fungi, but not animals)

Accordingly, working within animals alone, subfamily -inae, tribe -ini, and subtribe -ina are unique suffixes to their specific taxonomic ranks. At the other extreme, working within algae alone, -eae suffixes class -phyceae, suborder -ineae, family -aceae, subfamily -oideae, and tribe -eae. The longer suffixes themselves suffixed with -eae must first be eliminated before recognizing an unfamiliar -eae designation as belonging to rank tribe.

Notes

References

(2012). "International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Melbourne Code) adopted by the Eighteenth International Botanical Congress Melbourne, Australia, July 2011". A.R.G. Gantner Verlag KG.
International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. (1999). "International Code of Zoological Nomenclature". International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, XXIX.
(1992). "International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria: Bacteriological Code, 1990 Revision". ASM Press.
(2011). "Best practice in the use of the scientific names of animals: Support for editors of technical journals. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 68(4): 313–322.".
(2017). "International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017". Glashütten: Koeltz Botanical Books.
(2017). "International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017". Glashütten: Koeltz Botanical Books.

Wikipedia Source

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tribes-(biology) bacterial-nomenclature botanical-nomenclature plant-taxonomy zoological-nomenclature

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