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Tiletamine

Chemical compound


Chemical compound

FieldValue
Verifiedfieldschanged
verifiedrevid470610310
IUPAC_name2-Ethylamino-2-(2-thienyl)cyclohexanone
imageTiletamine Structure.svg
image_classskin-invert-image
image2Tiletamine-ball-and-stick-model.png
image_class2bg-transparent
alt2(S)-tiletamine
Drugs.com
pregnancy_AU
pregnancy_US
legal_AUS4
legal_CA
legal_UK
legal_USSchedule III (when combined with Zolazepam)
routes_of_administrationIV, IM, SC, Other
metabolismLiver
excretionKidneys
<!--Identifiers-->index2_labelHCl
CAS_number_Ref
CAS_number14176-49-9
CAS_number2_Ref
CAS_number214176-50-2
UNII_Ref
UNII2YFC543249
UNII2_Ref
UNII299TAQ2QWJI
ATC_prefixnone
PubChem26533
DrugBank_Ref
ChemSpiderID_Ref
ChemSpiderID24714
KEGG_Ref
KEGGD08596
<!--Chemical data-->C12
H17
N1
O1
S1
smilesO=C2C(c1sccc1)(NCC)CCCC2
StdInChI_Ref
StdInChI1S/C12H17NOS/c1-2-13-12(11-7-5-9-15-11)8-4-3-6-10(12)14/h5,7,9,13H,2-4,6,8H2,1H3
StdInChIKey_Ref
StdInChIKeyQAXBVGVYDCAVLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N

| Drugs.com =

| elimination_half-life =

Tiletamine is a dissociative anesthetic and pharmacologically classified as an NMDA receptor antagonist. It is related chemically to ketamine. Tiletamine hydrochloride exists as odorless white crystals.

It is used in veterinary medicine in the combination product Telazol (tiletamine/zolazepam, 50 mg/ml of each in 5 ml vial) as an injectable anesthetic for use in cats and dogs. It is sometimes used in combination with xylazine (Rompun) to chemically immobilize large mammals such as polar bears and wood bison. Telazol is the only commercially available tiletamine product in the United States. It is contraindicated in patients of an ASA score of III or greater and in animals with CNS signs, hyperthyroidism, cardiac disease, pancreatic or renal disease, pregnancy, glaucoma, or penetrating eye injuries.

Society and culture

Recreational use of telazol has been documented. Animal studies have also shown that tiletamine produces rewarding and reinforcing effects. Products that combine Tiletamine and Zolazepam are classified as Schedule III controlled substances in the United States. Otherwise, as noted by the DEA, tiletamine is unscheduled: “…[R]ules applicable to the scheduling of tiletamine and zolazepam as individual entities are not warranted [or in effect] at this time. Neither tiletamine nor zolazepam, as discrete substances, is perceived to pose a significant threat to the health and general welfare at this time…”

References

References

  1. (October 1988). "Paradoxical convulsant action of a novel non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist, tiletamine". Brain Research.
  2. {{PubChem. 26533
  3. "Tiletamine". Drugs.com.
  4. (December 1993). "Telazol--a review of its pharmacology and use in veterinary medicine". Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics.
  5. (21 January 2009). "Tiletamine". U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  6. (July 2003). "Anesthesia of polar bears using xylazine-zolazepam-tiletamine or zolazepam-tiletamine". Journal of Wildlife Diseases.
  7. (January 2000). "Anesthesia of wood bison with medetomidine-zolazepam/tiletamine and xylazine-zolazepam/tiletamine combinations". The Canadian Veterinary Journal.
  8. (2001). "Abuse of telazol: an animal tranquilizer". Journal of Toxicology. Clinical Toxicology.
  9. (August 2012). "Rewarding and reinforcing effects of the NMDA receptor antagonist-benzodiazepine combination, Zoletil®: difference between acute and repeated exposure". Behavioural Brain Research.
  10. "Lists of: Scheduling Actions, Controlled Substances, Regulated Chemicals". Drug Enforcement Administration.
  11. (January 21, 1987). "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Placement of Preparations Which Contain Both Tiletamine and Zolazepam into Schedule III". [[Drug Enforcement Administration]].
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