Tierra del Fuego Province, Argentina

Extent

The effective extent of the province is the eastern part of the island of Tierra del Fuego, Isla de los Estados and adjacent islands.

The province nominally includes Argentina's claims to the Falkland Islands and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (which are British Overseas Territories) and to a segment of Antarctica that overlaps with the British and Chilean claims on that continent. Argentina has no effective control in these territories beyond its own Antarctic bases.

History

Tierra del Fuego was first settled by indigenous peoples around 12,000 years ago. When the first Europeans arrived, they encountered a population of about 10,000 indigenous people belonging to four tribes: Yámana, Alakaluf (now known by their autonym of Kawésqar), Selkʼnam (Ona) and Manekʼenk (Haush).

Luis Piedrabuena installed a base in San Juan de Salvamento on Isla de los Estados. The British South American Mission Society Patagonia Mission, under its superintendent Waite Stirling, founded Ushuaia as an Anglican mission in southern Tierra del Fuego in 1869.

The Amerindians suffered high fatalities from diseases (including measles and smallpox) and the outright warfare waged by ranchers and bounty hunters; by 1916 their population on the island had dropped to only 900. In addition, in the late 19th century, ranchers and settlers committed genocide against the Selkʼnam.

Geography

Due to its latitude, the island has a cold oceanic climate. The influences from the surrounding ocean and the predominant winds from the west result in the climate being uniform throughout the province. Mean annual temperatures are low, with winter temperatures averaging close to 0 C and summer temperatures averaging around 10 C. The strong westerly winds from the Pacific Ocean decrease the perception of the temperature (wind chill).

Demographics

According to the 2022 Argentine national census, the Province of Tierra del Fuego has 190,641 inhabitants. Per Argentine census data, the province's population has grown substantially in recent decades, with an average annual growth rate of 3.3% between 2010 and 2022.

Government

Main article: Legislature of Tierra del Fuego, Governor of Tierra del Fuego

The provincial government is divided into three branches.

Administrative divisions

The province is divided into five departments (Spanish: departamentos):

Economy

Tierra del Fuego has since the 1970s benefited from government subsidies to local industry and from its natural wealth. Its estimated 2006 output of US$2.6 billion gave the province a per capita income of US$25,719, the second highest in Argentina, behind Buenos Aires.

Media

Newspapers

There are numerous main newspapers: El Diario del Fin del Mundo, El Sureño, Actualidad TDF, and El Diario La Prensa, as well as several other minor publications.

References

References

1. (2023-01-31). "Nuevos datos provisorios del Censo 2022: Argentina tiene 46.044.703 habitantes".
2. "TelluBase—Argentina Fact Sheet (Tellusant Public Service Series)". Tellusant.
3. (2023-06-25). "El mapa del desarrollo humano en Argentina". [[United Nations Development Programme]].
4. {{cite EB1911
5. Bridges, E. L. (1948) ''Uttermost Part of the Earth : Patagonia & Tierra del Fuego''. London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1948; republished 2008, Overlook Press {{ISBN. 978-1-58567-956-0
6. link. (2006-10-02 , ''Cultural Survival Quarterly'')
7. [http://www.oni.escuelas.edu.ar/olimpi99/interolimpicos/patagonia1921/tehuel2.htm "La Patagonia Trágica"], Argentine Schools curriculum
8. Anne Chapman. (11 November 1982). "Drama and Power in a Hunting Society: The Selkʼnam of Tierra Del Fuego". CUP Archive.
9. "Clima". Gobierno de Tierra del Fuego.
10. "Tierra del Fuego: Clima". Colegio Nacional de Buenos Aires.
11. "Geografia de Tierra Del Fuego". Museo Maritimo de Ushuaia.
12. (31 January 2023). "Nuevos datos provisorios del Censo 2022: Argentina tiene 46.044.703 habitantes". Infobae.
13. "Tierra del Fuego (Province, Argentina) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map and Location".
14. "El déficit consolidado de las provincias rondará los $11.500 millones este año". Instituto Argentino para el Desarrollo de las Economías Regionales.
15. "El Diario del Fin del Mundo".
16. "Diario Prensa Ushuaia".