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Thrasher

New World group of passerine birds

New World group of passerine birds

Toxostoma rufum Allenia

Margarops

Oreoscoptes

Ramphocinclus

Toxostoma

Thrashers are a paraphyletic group of New World passerine birds related to mockingbirds and New World catbirds. Like these, they are in the family Mimidae. There are 15 species in one large and 4 monotypic genera.

The thrashers do not form a monophyletic clade but are a phenetic assemblage within the family Mimidae. The Mimidae as a whole is made up of two clades, the larger of which contains the Toxostoma thrashers and the monotypic genus Oreoscoptes, and the smaller of which contains the Ramphocinclus, Allenia, and Margarops thrashers. In the larger clade, Toxostoma is sister to all other lineages, with Oreoscoptes sister to Mimus mockingbirds. Within the smaller clade, Ramphocinclus is most closely related to the gray catbird, Dumetella carolinensis, while Allenia is sister to a clade composed of Margarops and the tremblers, genus Cinclocerthia.

Their common name describes the behaviour of these birds when searching for food on the ground: they use their long bills to "thrash" through dirt or dead leaves. All of these birds eat insects and several species also eat berries.

Taxonomic list

ImageGenusLiving species
[[File:SageThrasher-12FEB2017.jpg150px]]Oreoscoptes Baird, 1858
[[File:Brown thrasher in CP (02147).jpg150px]]Toxostoma Wagler, 1831 – typical thrashers
[[File:Ramphocinclus brachyurus brachyurus 2988171.jpg150px]]Ramphocinclus Lafresnaye, 1843
[[File:Allenia fusca in Coulibistrie-a05 (cropped).jpg150px]]Allenia Cory, 1891
[[File:Margarops fuscatus -Guana Island, British Virgin Islands-8.jpg150px]]Margarops P.L. Sclater, 1859

References

  • Barber, Brian R.; Martínez-Gómez, Juan E. & Peterson, A. Townsend (2004): Systematic position of the Socorro mockingbird Mimodes graysoni. J. Avian Biol. 35: 195–198. (HTML abstract)
  • Hunt, Jeffrey S.; Bermingham, Eldredge; & Ricklefs, Robert E. (2001): Molecular systematics and biogeography of Antillean thrashers, tremblers, and mockingbirds (Aves: Mimidae). Auk 118(1): 35–55. DOI:10.1642/0004-8038(2001)118[0035:MSABOA]2.0.CO;2 HTML fulltext without images

References

  1. Lovette, Irby J.. (May 2012). "Phylogenetic relationships of the mockingbirds and thrashers (Aves: Mimidae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution.
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