Thebarton, South Australia

History

Prior to European settlement of South Australia, the areas now known as Thebarton and Hindmarsh were called Karraundongga (meaning "red gum spear place") by the Kaurna people, who would craft spears from the red gum branches gathered on the banks of the Torrens there.

The suburb of Thebarton includes the first section of land surveyed outside of the Adelaide city centre (then known as South Adelaide) and North Adelaide. Preliminary section 1 was granted to Colonel William Light of Adelaide on 12 May 1838. It was named after the home of Light, the first Surveyor-General of the colony of South Australia, where he lived with his de facto wife Maria Gandy and her brothers. Light named his home after Theberton Hall of Suffolk, England, where he was educated. The area was known as Theberton until approximately 1840, with the variant spelling now accredited to a typographical error, rather than a corruption of "The Barton", based on the Old English bere-tun, meaning "barley farm", as was thought for some time.

Colonel Light surveyed the town-acre as Section 1 and built Theberton Cottage towards the northern part of the area. The area was first subdivided for housing in February 1839, although it took a number of years for the housing to establish, Thebarton Post Office opening on 24 October 1850. By 1866 the population was estimated at 450 people.

Thebarton Racecourse, which operated from as early as 1838 to 1869, was formed on grazing land in the area now known as Mile End, and later subdivided and completely built over.

The foundation stone of the original Thebarton Town Hall, designed by Alfred Wells and Latham Withall and built by James King, was laid in 1885. However it was gutted by fire in 1948, with its rebuilding and restoration described as "thoroughly horrible" in 1999.

The Torrenside Brewery, next to the Torrens on Port Road, was founded in 1886 by A. W. & T. L. Ware, in the then suburb of Southwark. After acquisition by the Walkerville Co-operative Brewing Company Ltd, and its subsequent acquisition by the South Australian Brewing Company in 1939, it was renamed from Walkerville Brewery to Southwark Brewery in 1949 and the company's Walkerville Nathan beer was renamed Southwark beer in 1951. The brewery closed on 17 June 2021, with its landmark chimney tower heritage-listed, to be preserved when the site is redeveloped. The artefacts in its on-site museum are being donated to the State Library of South Australia and other local institutions.

In September 2023 the Government of South Australia under Peter Malinauskas bought the brewery site from Lion, to redevelop into housing under Renewal SA. , 1300 homes are planned for the 8.4 ha site, with some ready for habitation by the end of 2026. The state heritage-listed brewery tower and Light's cottage, will remain within the new development. On 14 January 2025 the government announced the restoration of the Southwark suburb within its historical boundaries laid out in 1881, being the extent of the current redevelopment. Consultation would take place with around 420 homes and businesses within a larger area south of the development, with a decision expected by the end of 2025.

Local government

Thebarton was part of the then largely rural District of West Torrens until 1883, when the residents of the more urban suburbs of Thebarton, Mile End and Torrensville successfully petitioned to become the Corporation of the Town of Thebarton.

In 1997 the Town of Thebarton re-amalgamated with the City of West Torrens.

Demographics

|2001|1278 |2006|1327 |2011|1322 |2016|1431}} Thebarton has a significant Greek-Australian population and has been the suburb with the largest Greek Australian population per capita in Australia. |File:St George Adelaide Location.png|One of the three suburbs in West Torrens with a high population of Greek-Australians}}---

Facilities and entertainment

The Thebarton campus of the University of Adelaide, also known as Adelaide University Research Park, occupies a complex of former industrial buildings in the northeastern corner of the suburb.

The Wheatsheaf Hotel in George Street is a popular pub and music venue. It offers craft beers and wine from small producers, and also brews its own beers. Apart from regularly showcasing live music, "the Wheaty" also hosts book clubs, Morris dancers, knitting groups, and roller-derby parties. In 2017, the Wheaty Brewing Corps was named Australia's best small brewery at the national Craft Beer Awards, and it has been inducted into the SA Music Hall of Fame. In 2021 it started selling its own beers in cans, to take away.

Landmarks

• St George Greek Orthodox Church on Rose Street, Adelaide's largest Greek Orthodox church
• The Ice Arena, home of the Adelaide Adrenalines, who play in the Australian Ice Hockey League
• Thebarton Oval, former home of the West Torrens Football Club in the South Australian National Football League; now home to the Adelaide Footy League.
• The Thebarton Incinerator on West Thebarton Road was designed by Walter Burley Griffin in 1935, completed in 1937, and decommissioned in 1964. It is one of two Burley Griffin buildings listed among the 120 nationally significant 20th-century buildings in South Australia, the other being the Hindmarsh Incinerator at Brompton.
• The West End Brewery at 107 Port Road (closed June 2021).
• The well-known Thebarton Theatre (originally built as the town hall) is actually in the neighbouring suburb of Torrensville.
• The Adelaide Gaol is easterly-adjacent to Thebarton in the western Adelaide parklands.
• A rectangular memorial on the corner of Albert and Maria Streets, dedicated to Maria Gandy, William Light's partner, was unveiled on the 200th anniversary of her birth on 23 November 2011. On each of four sides is an inscription celebrating her roles as pioneer, settler, carer and mother.

|File:The incinerator at Thebarton, South Australia, designed by Walter Burley Griffin (square image).jpg|The incinerator at 34 West Thebarton Road was designed by noted American architect Walter Burley Griffin, who designed Canberra. The design, including exquisite tiles detail in this photo, was to mollify the local council, which did not want it within council boundaries. |File:Newly constructed incinerator designed by Walter Burley Griffin, Thebarton, South Australia (SLSA B 9690).jpg|The newly constructed incinerator in 1937. Garbage was tipped in at road level and a reverberatory furnace reduced the garbage to ash, which was fed into this pit to enable the area to be reclaimed. |File:William Light's Thebarton Hall plaque.jpg|Plaque commemorating Light's "Theberton Hall", demolished 1926. Cast in 1997, its pillar was constructed from remnants of the Hindmarsh Bridge, demolished 1995, and is located across the River Torrens from the site of the Southwark brewery, demolished in the 2020s.}}

Heritage listings

Thebarton has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:

• 39A Dew Street: Lady Gowrie Child Centre

• 1 George Street: Squatters Arms Hotel

• 42 and 42A Phillips Street: Thebarton Baptist Church and Hall

• 77 Port Road: Southwark Hotel (pronounced )

• 107 Port Road, site of the West End Brewery:

  • Plaque only – Site of Colonel Light's Cottage (13 December 2001)
  • Remains of `Theberton Hall' Colonel William Light's House (including Underground Room, Underground Tank and Well) (provisionally added 20 May 2021)
  • Walkerville Brewhouse Tower, built 1886, enlarged 1898–1899, doubled in size 1901–1903, one of a few remaining and one of the largest examples of a brewhouse tower in South Australia (provisionally added 20 May 2021)
  • Electric Supply Company Transformer (13 December 2001)

• 35-37 Stirling Street: Faulding's Eucalyptus Oil Distillery

• 34-36 West Thebarton Road: Thebarton Incinerator

Tram stop

Thebarton is also the location of a stop on the Glenelg tram line.

Footnotes

References

References

1. Payne, P.. (1996). "Thebarton, Old and New". Thebarton City Council.
2. Manning, Geoffrey H.. (2012). "A Compendium of the Place Names of South Australia: From Aaron Creek to Zion Hill, with 54 Complementary Appendices". [[State Library of South Australia]].
3. Harris, Samela. (23 November 2011). "First lady Maria recognised at last". The Advertiser.
4. (11 March 2009). "Search result for 'Thebarton, SUB'". [[Government of South Australia]].
5. "Place names of South Australia: T".
6. Premier Postal History. "Post Office List". Premier Postal Auctions.
7. [https://www.libraries.sa.gov.au/client/en_AU/westtorrens/index.assetboxmobile.assetactionicon.view/1424227?rm=West+Torrens+H1%7C%7C%7C1%7C%7C%7C0%7C%7C%7Ctrue&dt=list Thebarton historic walk - 1999]
8. (12 May 1886). "The Torrenside Brewery". [[The South Australian Advertiser]].
9. (12 November 1951). "Nathan Beer Renamed: "Same Brew"". [[The News (Adelaide)]].
10. "Beer Adelaide: Southwark Bitter".
11. Kelsall, Thomas. (16 June 2021). "What we know today, Thursday June 17: West End Brewery closes doors".
12. (14 January 2025). "New suburb name for old West End brewery site".
13. (14 January 2025). "Hundreds more homes to be delivered in new Southwark suburb".
14. [http://www.westtorrens.sa.gov.au/Council/Local_history/Story_of_West_Torrens City of WestTorrens > Local history > Story of West Torrens] Accessed 28 April 2014.
15. "Home".
16. (8 February 2016). "The Wheatsheaf Hotel".
17. (28 July 2017). "Wheaty crowned Australia’s best small brewery".
18. Simmons, David. (23 October 2024). "Cranker named SA’s best live music venue".
19. Pruett, Charlotte. (18 June 2021). "The Wheaty now selling their signature beers for takeaway".
20. [http://www.architectsdatabase.unisa.edu.au/build_full.asp?B_ID=294 Building Details - Architects of South Australia > Thebarton Incinerator] Accessed 13 May 2014.
21. [http://www.architecture.com.au/docs/default-source/act-notable-buildings/120-notable-buildings.pdf 120 notable buildings - Australian Institute of Architects] Accessed 8 May 2014.
22. "Maria Gandy".
23. "Lady Gowrie Child Centre". Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources.
24. "Squatters Arms Hotel". Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources.
25. "Former Thebarton Baptist Church & Hall". Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources.
26. "Plaque: Site of Colonel Light's Cottage".
27. "Remains of 'Theberton Hall' Colonel William Light's House (including Underground Room, Underground Tank and Well)".
28. "Walkerville Brewhouse Tower".
29. "Electric Supply Company Transformer".
30. "Southwark Hotel". Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources.
31. "Former Thebarton Incinerator designed by Walter Burley Griffin". Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources.
32. [https://www.adelaidemetro.com.au/timetables/view/GLNELG/0/1/0# Glenelg Tram Timetable (2018)] {{Webarchive. link. (2 April 2019 , [[Adelaide Metro]])