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Tetramethylethylenediamine

Tetramethylethylenediamine

| NFPA-H = 2 | NFPA-F = 4 | NFPA-R = 1

Tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA or TEMED) is a chemical compound with the formula (CH3)2NCH2CH2N(CH3)2. This species is derived from ethylenediamine by replacement of the four amine hydrogens with four methyl groups. It is a colorless liquid, although old samples often appear yellow. Its odor is similar to that of rotting fish.

As a reagent in synthesis

bibcode=1997JAChS.11911855H }}</ref> Color code: blue = N, lavender = Li, yellow = Si

TMEDA is widely employed as a ligand for metal ions. It forms stable complexes with many metal halides, e.g. zinc chloride and copper(I) iodide, giving complexes that are soluble in organic solvents. In such complexes, TMEDA serves as a bidentate ligand.

TMEDA has an affinity for lithium ions. In such complexes [Li(tmeda)2]+ behaves like a quaternary ammonium salt, such as [NEt4]+.

sec-Butyllithium/TMEDA is a useful combination in organic synthesis where the n-butyl analogue adds to substrate. TMEDA is still capable of forming a metal complex with Li in this case as mentioned above.

In molecular biology

TEMED is a common reagent in molecular biology laboratories, as a polymerizing agent for polyacrylamide gels in the protein analysis technique SDS-PAGE.

Other uses

The complexes (TMEDA)Ni(CH3)2 and [(TMEDA)Ni(o-tolyl)Cl] illustrate the use of tmeda to stabilize homogeneous catalysts.

Synthesis of [(TMEDA)Ni(''o''-tolyl)Cl]

References

References

  1. (16 September 2004). "''N'',''N'',''N''′,''N''′-tetramethylethylenediamine – Compound Summary". National Center for Biotechnology Information.
  2. {{CRC90
  3. (June 2018). "MSDS }}{{Dead link".
  4. (2006). "''N'',''N'',''N''′,''N''′-Tetramethylethylenediamine". J. Wiley & Sons.
  5. (1997). "Effect of Polydentate Donor Molecules on Lithium Hexamethyldisilazide Aggregation: An X-ray Crystallographic and a Combination Semiempirical PM3/Single Point ab Initio Theoretical Study". J. Am. Chem. Soc..
  6. (1989). "Are d0 ML6 Complexes Always Octahedral? The X-ray Structure of Trigonal Prismatic [Li(tmed)]2[ZrMe6]". [[Journal of the American Chemical Society]].
  7. (2011). "SDS-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of Proteins". Current Protocols in Microbiology.
  8. (2015-05-01). "A Modular, Air-Stable Nickel Precatalyst". Organic Letters.
  9. (2015-04-17). "Development of an Air-Stable, Broadly Applicable Nickel Source for Nickel-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling". ACS Catalysis.
  10. (2004). "Solvent Exchange, Solvent Interchange, Aquation and Isomerisation Reactions of ''cis''- and ''trans''-[Co(tmen)2(NCMe)2]3+ in Water, Me2SO and MeCN: Kinetics and Stereochemistry". Inorganica Chimica Acta.
Wikipedia Source

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