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Terre-de-Haut Island

Island in Guadeloupe

Field	Value
name	Terre-de-Haut
native_name	Terre-de-Haut des Saintes
native_name_link	French language
image_name	IlesDesSaintes.jpg
image_caption	Terre-de-Haut view from Chameau hill.
map_image	Map of les saintes.gif
map_caption	Terre-de-Haut Island on the right
location	Caribbean Sea
pushpin_map	Guadeloupe#Lesser Antilles#Caribbean
pushpin_label_position	top
pushpin_relief	1
coordinates
archipelago	Îles des Saintes
area_km2	5.2
highest_mount	Chameau hill
elevation_m	306
country	France
country_admin_divisions_title	Overseas department
country_admin_divisions	Guadeloupe
country_admin_divisions_title_1	Canton
country_admin_divisions_1	Trois-Rivières
country_admin_divisions_title_2	commune
country_admin_divisions_2	Terre-de-Haut
country_capital	Fond-du-Curé
country_largest_city	Fond-du-Curé
country_leader_title	Mayor
country_leader_name	Louis Molinié
population	1532
population_as_of	2017
density_km2	255
additional_info
{{Infobox protected area
name	Terre-de-Haut
iucn_category	IV
relief	yes
area_km2	3.51
established
website	Terre-de-Haut in Guadeloupe

{{Infobox protected area Terre-de-Haut Island (; ; also formerly known as Petite Martinique) is the easternmost island in the Îles des Saintes, part of the archipelago of Guadeloupe. Like name of neighboring Terre-de-Bas Island, name Terre-de-Haut comes from the maritime vocabulary, which called the islands exposed to the "highland" winds and those protected from the wind, "lowlands".

Geography

Terre-de-Haut is separated from Terre-de-Bas by a narrow channel of 890 m. Besides Terre-de-Bas, several small islands surround Terre-de-Haut. It is an island of 5.2 km2 dominated in the north by Morne Mire hill (107 m) and Morel hill (136 m).

Morel is on the North of the island, between the bay of Marigot and the bay of Pompierre. There is an ancient fortress there, Caroline battery.

The Chameau 306 m, in the southwest, is the highest elevation in the archipelago. It is covered with forest. On the summit, there is a watchtower, called La tour modèle. Chameau is the property of the Conservatoire du littoral and is a protected site category IV IUCN.

History

The first recorded European colonizer was Christopher Columbus in November 1493.

The First colonists arrived in 1648. In 1666, the church Notre Dame de l'Assomption was built.

The strategic position of Petite Martinique (its former name) was important. In August 1666 French victory over the British ensured French sovereignty over these islands. However, from 1759 to 1815, alternations of British and French Dominions. In 1777 France built the defensive system Fort Napoléon des Saintes. In April 1782 the Battle of the Saintes. The British, who occupied les Saintes in 1809, kept Fort Joséphine and added water butt to it.

From the later French dominion it became a penitentiary from 1851, but it was ravaged by a hurricane in 1865. It continued however to welcome convicts on the way towards Îles du Salut, in French Guiana until 1902.

In 1871, Îlet à Cabrit became a place of quarantine: a lazaretto, was opened instead of the penitentiary.

The local vocabulary says: "to go up" to move towards the windward quartier (to Fort Napoléon) and "to go down" to move towards the leeward quartier (to Pain-de-sucre).

Demographics

The low quantitative precipitation forecast do not allow the establishment of agriculture. Few slaves were brought onto these islands. The population is constituted historically by Bretons, Normans and by inhabitants of Poitou who came to fish.

In 2017 the population of Terre-de-Haut was 1,532, with a density of population of 255 inhabitants/km2. The number of households was 676.

Populated areas

The oldest settlements are the villages of Mouillage and Fond-du curé. The population is spread among 20 quartiers, grouped into two halves:

Au vent
(Windward)	Sous le Vent
(Leeward)	Nr	Quartier	Nr	Quartier
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10	Pompierre
Marigot
Vieille-Anse
Fort Napoléon
Maison blanche
La Coulée
Coquelet
Anse-Mire
Mouillage
Grande-Anse	11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20	Fond-du-Curé
la Savane
Anse Rodrigue
Anse Galet
Prés Cassin
la Convalescence
Anse Figuier
Pain de sucre
Anse à Cointe
Anse Crawen

Gallery

File:Anse du Fond Curé.JPG|Fond-du-Curé, les Saintes File:Orgues du pain de sucre.jpg|Pain de sucre File:Morne morel.jpg|Morel hill viewed from Fort Napoléon

References

Popo. (18 May 2010). "Morne Morel à Terre de Haut". Zoom-guadeloupe.fr.
(25 January 2010). "Monographie sur les Saintes (dépendance de la Guadeloupe)". Gallica.bnf.fr.
{{in lang. fr [https://uicn.fr/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/05_UICN_2003_Biodiv_OM_-_Guadeloupe.pdf Guadeloupe et dépendances] BIODIVERSITÉ ET CONSERVATION EN OUTRE-MER
"Comparateur de territoire: Commune de Terre-de-Bas (97130), Commune de Terre-de-Haut (97131)". INSEE.
Bonniol, J.L.. (1980). "Terre-de-Haut des Saintes: contraintes insulaires et particularisme ethnique dans la Caraïbe". L HARMATTAN.
"Au bourg débute la visite de Terre de Haut". escale-creole.wifeo.com.

Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

islands-of-guadeloupe inhabited-islands-of-îles-des-saintes

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