Tancred and Gismund

Characters

• Tancred – King of Naples and Prince of Salerne
• Gismund – widow, daughter of Tancred
• Guiszard – Count Palurin, Gismund's lover
• Julio – Lord Chamberlain to Tancred
• Lucrece – sister to Tancred
• Renuchio – Captain of Tancred's guard
• Cupid – God of love
• Megaera – a fury
• Chorus of four maidens
• Guard
• Two furies

Plot

Tancred gave his only daughter, Gismund, to a foreign prince in marriage. After the death of her husband she returns home to her father, who had missed her so much during her marriage that he is determined that she never again marry. She falls in love with the Guiszard, Count Palurin, one of her father's courtiers, and he with her. She is able to meet with her lover by means of a secret cave under her bedroom, passing him the time of their meetings by concealing a letter in a cane. She meets her lover in the vault one day and while she is out her father comes looking for her. Thinking she has taken a walk, he lies on her bed, covers his head with a curtain and falls asleep. The lovers return and Tancred wakes and witnesses her daughter give herself to Guiszard.

Stunned, he says nothing but has Guiszard arrested and his heart cut out and placed in a golden cup, which is then delivered to Gismund. She fills the cup with tears and poison and drinks it. Too late, her father comes in. He grants her dying wish that she be entombed with her lover. Tancred fulfills his pledge and then kills himself as a warning to all hard-hearted fathers.

Sources

The main source of the play is "The Tale of Ghismonda and Guiscardo" from the first novella of Day Four of the Decameron. The tale was translated in William Painter's Palace of Pleasure (1566), but internal evidence indicates the authors worked from the original, and not Painter's translation. The play inspired at least five English tragedies by 1623, and in Elizabethan England was second only to Romeus and Juliet as a story of tragic love.

Date and text

The published play is a rewritten version of Gismund of Salerne, of which two manuscript copies survive, that was written and produced by five members of the Inner Temple for Queen Elizabeth during the revels entertainments. Each act was written by a different author, named respectively as Rod. Stafford, Hen. Noel, G. Al., Ch. Hatton, and Robert Wilmot. The play was revised in keeping with "the decorum of these daies" by recasting the original rhyming lines into blank verse.

Earlier critics dated the original play 1567-8 by taking Wilmot's prefatory reference to his fellow Inner Temple collaborators to "the loue that hath bin these 24 yeres betwixt vs" and working back from the publication date. Chambers dates the play earlier to Shrovetide, between 24 and 26 February 1566 from an allusion in the manuscript to its performance at Greenwich and matching that to Elizabeth's itinerary.

References

Bibliography

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References

1. Cunliffe, John W. "''Tancred and Gismund''" in ''PMLA'' 21:2 (1906), pp. 435–62; 436–7.
2. Kingsley-Smith, Jane. ''Cupid in Early Modern Literature and Culture'' (2010) Cambridge University Press, pp. 77–8.
3. Cunliffe, John W. "''Gismund of Salerne''" in ''Early English Classical Tragedies'' (1912) Oxford University Press, p. v.
4. Cunliffe 1912, p. lxxxvi.
5. Chambers, Edmund (1923) The Elizabethan Stage. III:514.