Swiss identity card

History

The Swiss identity card first introduced in 1955 was blue. After World War II, European travel was starting to be more prevalent and the Swiss confederation also wanted to make it easier for Swiss citizens to identify themselves within everyday business operations like picking up parcels or registered mail from the post office.

The Swiss identity card was then modified in 1977 and it changed its colour to a more green/brown colour. Both the 1955 and 1977 series of Swiss identity cards were in a booklet format with the outer page on the 1955 ID card having the coat of arms of Switzerland, and then text in what were then the only three national languages of Switzerland: German, French, and Italian.

When the 1977 version of the Swiss identity card was issued, the first issue was still printed in German, French, and Italian. Later on, Romansch was added to the identity cards (along with English) after it became a national Swiss language in the new 1999 Swiss constitution that followed the 6 March 1996 referendum of Swiss voters.

It was planned to introduce a new identity card by the end of 2016. This would then have been available in four versions with the applicant choosing the version to be issued to them. There were plans for a basic version without electronically stored data, a version with electronically stored biometric data (photo and two fingerprints), a version with electronically stored credentials for e-government and e-business, and a fourth version which would have been a combination of the second and third versions. However, on 13 January 2016 the federal Swiss government, when announcing the next steps to be taken for state-approved electronic identities, stated in a footnote that it does not expect the new identity card to be available before 2019. It sees no immediate need to have a biometric identity card available with a biometric chip.

As of 3 March 2023 a new model with the latest security technology is issued, however the card does not yet have a biometric chip.

Travel document

As a member state of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA), Swiss citizens enjoy freedom of movement to live and work in other EFTA countries in accordance with the EFTA convention. Moreover, by virtue of Switzerland's bilateral agreements with the EU, Swiss citizens also have freedom of movement in all EU member states.

As an alternative to presenting a passport, Swiss citizens are entitled to use a valid national identity card to exercise their right of free movement in EFTA and the EU. Strictly speaking, it is not necessary for an EEA or Swiss citizen to possess a valid national identity card or passport to enter the EEA and Switzerland. In theory, if an EEA or Swiss citizen can prove their nationality by any other means (e.g. by presenting an expired national identity card or passport, or a citizenship certificate), they must be permitted to enter the EEA and Switzerland. An EEA or Swiss citizen who is unable to demonstrate their nationality satisfactorily must, nonetheless, be given 'every reasonable opportunity' to obtain the necessary documents or to have them delivered within a reasonable period of time.

References

References

1. (27 May 2022). "Visiting the UK as an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen".
2. "Appendix 1 Movement of persons (Art. 20)".
3. "EUR-Lex - 22002A0430(01) - EN".
4. "Swiss citizens allowed to enter Georgia with IDs".
5. "Bundesgesetz über elektronische Identifizierungsdienste". Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft.
6. Police, Federal Office of. "Passport and identity card".
7. "Einführung der neuen Identitätskarte".
8. "Short Overview of the EFTA Convention".
9. "Free Movement of Persons Switzerland – EU/EFTA". State Secretariat for Migration.
10. Article 5(4) of the Citizens' Rights Directive 2004/38/EC ([https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2004/38/oj L 158, pp. 77–123])
11. Practical Handbook for Border Guards, Part II, section I, point 2.9 ([https://ec.europa.eu/home-affairs/sites/homeaffairs/files/e-library/documents/policies/borders-and-visas/schengen/docs/c2019-7131-annex.pdf C (2019) 7131])
12. Judgment of the [[European Court of Justice]] [http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:62003CJ0215:EN:HTML of 17 February 2005, Case C 215/03, Salah Oulane vs. Minister voor Vreemdelingenzaken en Integratie]
13. [http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2016/1052/regulation/11/made Regulation 11 of the Immigration (European Economic Area) Regulations 2016]
14. "Processing British and EEA Passengers without a valid Passport or Travel Document".