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Sphenopalatine artery

Field	Value
Name	Sphenopalatine artery
Latin	arteria sphenopalatina
Image	Gray511.svg
Caption	Plan of branches of internal maxillary artery. (Sphenopalatine visible in upper right.)
BranchFrom	Maxillary artery
BranchTo	Posterior lateral nasal branches
posterior septal branches
Supplies	Frontal, maxillary, ethmoidal, and sphenoidal sinuses

posterior septal branches The sphenopalatine artery (nasopalatine artery) is an artery of the head, commonly known as the artery of epistaxis. It passes through the sphenopalatine foramen to reach the nasal cavity. It is the main artery of the nasal cavity.****

Course

The sphenopalatine artery is a branch of the maxillary artery which passes through the sphenopalatine foramen into the cavity of the nose, at the back part of the superior meatus. Here it gives off its posterior lateral nasal branches.

Crossing the under surface of the sphenoid, the sphenopalatine artery ends on the nasal septum as the posterior septal branches. Here it will anastomose with the branches of the greater palatine artery.

Clinical significance

The sphenopalatine artery is the artery commonly responsible for epistaxis (difficult to control bleeding of the nasal cavity, especially the posterior nasal cavity). In severe nose bleed cases which do not stop after intense packing of anti-clotting agents, the sphenopalatine artery can be ligated (clipped and then cut) during open surgery or embolized (blocked with surgical glue or tiny microparticles). Embolization is typically done under fluoroscopic guidance with minimally invasive techniques (e.g. via small microcatheters inserted into arteries in the wrist or groin) by interventional radiologists.

References

Notes

References

[http://drbatraent.com/archives/8 Dr.Padampreet Singh Batra's ENT, Head and Neck » Blog Archive » Epistaxis (NASAL BLEEDING)]
Sinnatamby, Chummy S.. (2011). "Last's Anatomy". Elsevier Australia.
(July 2014). "Anatomical and surgical study of the sphenopalatine artery branches.". European Archives of Oto-rhino-laryngology.
(December 2017). "Embolization for the treatment of intractable epistaxis: 12 month outcomes in a two centre case series". The British Journal of Radiology.

Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

arteries-of-the-head-and-neck otorhinolaryngology

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