Spain (European Parliament constituency)

Electoral system

The constituency was created as per the 1985 Treaty of Accession and was first contested in the 1987 European election in Spain. The Treaty provided for Spain to be allocated 60 representatives within the European Parliament, but successive amendments to the Treaty on European Union and the Treaties establishing the European Communities have seen this number change: 64 under Council Decision 93/81/Euratom, ECSC, EEC and Amsterdam; 50 under Nice and 54 under Lisbon. The European Parliament Committee on Constitutional Affairs proposed on 23 January 2018 an increase of the number of seats allocated to Spain from 54 to 59 after Brexit has taken place, a proposal that first needs to be adopted by the Parliament, then approved by the European Council, to be made effective.

Voting is on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprises all nationals and non-national European citizens over eighteen and in full enjoyment of their political rights. Amendments to the electoral law in 2011 required for Spaniards abroad to apply for voting before being permitted to vote, a system known as "begged" or expat vote () which was abolished in 2022. Seats are elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with no electoral threshold being applied in order to be entitled to enter seat distribution. However, the use of the D'Hondt method may result in an effective threshold depending on the district magnitude.

The electoral law provides that parties, federations, coalitions and groupings of electors are allowed to present lists of candidates. However, they are required to secure the signature of at least 15,000 registered electors. Electors are barred from signing for more than one list of candidates. Parties, federations and coalitions are allowed to replace this requirement with the signature of at least 50 elected officials—deputies, senators, MEPs or members from the legislative assemblies of autonomous communities or from local city councils—. Concurrently, parties and federations intending to enter in coalition to take part jointly at an election are required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election being called.

Members of the European Parliament

|- | 3rd | 1989 |

|- | 4th | 1994 |

|- | 5th | 1999 |

|- | 6th | 2004 |

|- | 2009 |

|- | 2011 |

|- | 8th | 2014 |

|- | 2019 |

|- | 2020 |

|- |10th |2024 |

|}

Elections

1987

Main article: 1987 European Parliament election in Spain, List of members of the European Parliament for Spain, 1987–1989

The 1987 election was the first European election for Spain.

1989

Main article: 1989 European Parliament election in Spain, List of members of the European Parliament for Spain, 1989–1994

The 1989 European election was the third election to the European Parliament and the second for Spain.

1994

Main article: 1994 European Parliament election in Spain, List of members of the European Parliament for Spain, 1994–1999

The 1994 European election was the fourth election to the European Parliament and the third for Spain.

1999

Main article: 1999 European Parliament election in Spain, List of members of the European Parliament for Spain, 1999–2004

The 1999 European election was the fifth election to the European Parliament and the fourth for Spain.

2004

Main article: 2004 European Parliament election in Spain, List of members of the European Parliament for Spain, 2004–2009

The 2004 European election was the sixth election to the European Parliament and the fifth for Spain.

2009

Main article: 2009 European Parliament election in Spain, List of members of the European Parliament for Spain, 2009–2014

The 2009 European election was the seventh election to the European Parliament and the sixth for Spain.

2014

Main article: 2014 European Parliament election in Spain, List of members of the European Parliament for Spain, 2014–2019

The 2014 European election was the eighth election to the European Parliament and the seventh for Spain.

2019

Main article: 2019 European Parliament election in Spain, List of members of the European Parliament for Spain, 2019–2024

The 2019 European election was the ninth election to the European Parliament and the eighth for Spain.

2024

Main article: 2024 European Parliament election in Spain

The 2024 European election was the tenth election to the European Parliament and the ninth for Spain. In total 61 Members of the European Parliament were elected.

Notes

References

References

1. (15 November 1985). "Treaty concerning the accession of the Kingdom of Spain and the Portuguese Republic to the European Economic Community and to the European Atomic Energy Community".
2. (9 February 1993). "Decision amending the Act concerning the election of the representatives of the European Parliament by direct universal suffrage, annexed to Council Decision 76/787/ECSC, EEC, Euratom of 20 September 1976".
3. (10 November 1997). ["[Treaty of Amsterdam".
4. (10 March 2001). ["[Treaty of Nice".
5. (17 December 2007). ["[Treaty of Lisbon".
6. "EUOBSERVER : France, Spain set to gain seats in post-Brexit EU parliament".
7. (2018-01-23). "MEPs to vote on shrinking Parliament post Brexit". POLITICO.
8. Reig Pellicer, Naiara. (16 December 2015). "Spanish elections: Begging for the right to vote".
9. Araque Conde, Pilar. (8 June 2022). "El Congreso acaba con el voto rogado: diez años de trabas burocráticas para los residentes en el extranjero". Público.
10. (19 June 1985). "General Electoral System Organic Law of 1985".
11. "Representation of the people Institutional Act".
12. Gallagher, Michael. (30 July 2012). "Effective threshold in electoral systems". Trinity College, Dublin.