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Soyuz 24

Crewed flight of the Soyuz programme

Field	Value
name	Soyuz 24
image	USSR stamp Soyuz-24 1977 10k.jpg
image_caption	Commemorative stamp of 1977 of
Viktor Gorbatko and Yuri Glazkov
image_size	290px
operator	Soviet space program
COSPAR_ID	1977-008A
SATCAT	09804
mission_duration	17 days 17 hours 26 minutes
orbits_completed	285
spacecraft	Soyuz 7K-T No.11
spacecraft_type	Soyuz 7K-T/A9
manufacturer	NPO Energia
launch_mass	6750 kg
landing_mass	1200 kg
launch_date	7 February 1977, 16:11 UTC
launch_rocket	Soyuz-U
launch_site	Baikonur, Site 1/5
landing_date	25 February 1977, 09:38 UTC
landing_site	37 km at the northeast of Arkalyk, Kazakhstan
crew_size	2
crew_members	Viktor Gorbatko
Yuri Glazkov
crew_callsign	Терек (Terek)
Terek River
orbit_reference	Geocentric orbit
orbit_regime	Low Earth orbit
orbit_periapsis	184.7 km
orbit_apoapsis	346.2 km
orbit_inclination	51.65°
orbit_period	89.52 minutes
apsis	gee
docking_target	Salyut 5
docking_type	dock
docking_date	8 February 1977
undocking_date	25 February 1977
time_docked	17 days
insignia	Vimpel 'Diamond'.jpg
insignia_caption	Vimpel Diamond patch
insignia_size	175px
programme	Soyuz programme
previous_mission	Kosmos 869
next_mission	Soyuz 25

Viktor Gorbatko and Yuri Glazkov

Yuri Glazkov Terek River

Soyuz 24 (, Union 24) was a February, 1977, Soviet mission to the Salyut 5 space station, the third and final mission to the station, the last purely military crew for the Soviets and the final mission to a military Salyut. The cosmonauts Viktor Gorbatko and Yuri Glazkov re-activated the station after toxic fumes had apparently terminated the mission of Soyuz 21, the previous crew.

They performed biological and materials experiments while on board. Other presumed activities included photographic reconnaissance, and finishing tasks the previous crew was forced to abandon when their mission abruptly ended. The Soyuz 24 crew landed after spending 18 days in space, and the Salyut station was de-orbited six months later.

Crew

Backup crew

Reserve crew

Mission highlights

The cosmonauts Gorbatko and Glazkov were the back-up crew for Soyuz 23, which failed to dock with Salyut 5 several months earlier. Soyuz 24 was launched 7 February 1977, and successfully docked with the orbiting space station the next day. However, the crew did not immediately enter the station, atypically having a sleep period first and delaying their entry by some 11 hours.

Observers speculate that the flight had a specific objective and was not meant to be a long-duration mission. In any case, fuel for the station to maneuver was too depleted to attempt a long mission. The crew continued the research started by the Soyuz 21 crew, performed Earth resources work, biological and materials experiments. But, being a part of the Almaz military Salyut program, other unrevealed projects were likely carried out. The flight would prove to be not only the final flight to a military Salyut station, but also the final all-military crew to be launched by the Soviets. On 21 February 1977, the crew performed an air-changing experiment, shown on TV, slowly venting air from one end of the station to the other while releasing 100 kg of air from tanks in the docked Soyuz orbital module. This was a test of the future air replenishment techniques to be carried out with Progress transports in subsequent space stations.

They began to activate the Soyuz 24 on 23 February 1977, then deactivate the space station, and undocked and landed near Arkalyk on 25 February 1977. The Soyuz landed in a blowing snowstorm and recovery crews could not locate the space capsule. As it turned out, the search and rescue beacon was unable to deploy due to being jammed shut from snow, so Gorbatko had to free it by hand.

On 26 February 1977, Salyut 5 ejected a research module. The research module, which was recovered on Soviet territory, containing exposed film and experiments carried out by the two crews who crewed the space station. The Salyut 5 space station was deorbited on 8 August 1977.

Mission parameters

Mass: 6750 kg
Perigee: 218.0 km
Apogee: 281.0 km
Inclination: 51.60°
Period: 89.20 minutes

References

"Baikonur LC1". Encyclopedia Astronautica.
The mission report is available here: http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/english/soyuz-24.htm
Newkirk, Dennis. (1990). "Almanac of Soviet Manned Space Flight". Gulf Publishing Company.
Clark, Phillip. (1988). "The Soviet Manned Space Program". Orion Books, a division of Crown Publishers, Inc..
(14 May 2020). "Display: Soyuz 24 1977-008A". NASA.
(14 May 2020). "Trajectory: Soyuz 24 1977-008A". NASA.

Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

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