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Soviet First League

Association football league in the Soviet Union

Summary

Association football league in the Soviet Union

FieldValue
nameSoviet First League in football
pixels80
countrySoviet Union
founded1936
folded1991
after 52 seasons
promotionSoviet Top League
relegationSoviet Second League
levels2
league_cupFirst League Cup
Podsnezhnik tournament
championsFC Rotor Volgograd (1)
most_champsFC Krylya Sovetov Samara (5)

after 52 seasons Podsnezhnik tournament

The Soviet First League in football () was the second highest division of Soviet football, below the Soviet Top League.

While the second tier competitions in football among "teams of masters" (an official term for the Soviet professional clubs) existed since 1936, the First League has been officially formed in 1971 out of the Class A First Group. It followed the transitional 1970 season when the Class A was expanded to three groups (Vysshaya Gruppa, Pervaya Gruppa, Vtoraya Gruppa) and discontinuation of the Class B competitions for the 1971 season.

The league existed until the dissolution of the USSR in 1991.

Overview

The second tier competitions and predecessors of the First League has been known as Group B, Group 2, Class B, and Class A, group 2. The number of teams playing at this level fluctuated significantly during the history of Soviet football. In 1940s-1970s the league frequently consisted of several groups. The group winners qualified for the final tournament.

The second tier competitions among "teams of masters" existed since 1936 as part of four groups of eight All-Union competitions where each group represented a tier with Group A representing top tier, Group B representing second tier, Group V representing third tier and so on. Before the World War II the season competitions were inconsistent in every group.

Since after the World War II there existed only top two tiers for football competitions among "teams of masters". The top tier was called Pervaya Gruppa (First Group) and the second tier Vtoraya Gruppa (Second Group). In 1950 those tiers were renamed with the second tier competitions being renamed into the Class B (the top tier became the Class A).

In 1960 Class B competitions were transformed into regional competitions with separate competitions for Russia, Ukraine, and other republics. More transformations took place in 1963 when the second tier competitions were included in the Class A competitions, while the Class B competitions were shifted to the third tier for 1964 season, thus reviving the third level competitions. Following the 1963 reform, the second tier competitions became the Vtoraya Gruppa Classa A (Class A second group) and the top tier being renamed as the Pervaya Gruppa Classa A (Class A first group). The Vtoraya Gruppa did not have multi groups competition with only one group round robin tournament.

After the 1970-1971 reforms there was established the Soviet First League with a single group competition. The league became more consisted with number of teams in league and relegation/promotion rules.

  • 1936-1940 Gruppa B (no competition in 1938)
  • 1945-1949 Vtoraya Gruppa
  • 1950-1962 Class B
  • 1963-1969 Vtoraya Gruppa (Class A)
  • 1970-1970 Pervaya Gruppa (Class A)
  • 1971-1991 Pervaya Liga

One unusual feature of the league was one that have taken place before 1989. The Soviet Football Union tried to eliminate the growing number of drawn games, thus, intensify the competition. The participated clubs were receiving a point for each drawn game, but the number of all their drawn games could not exceed a third of all their games played. After that they received no points for any further draws that they earned. In 1987, for example, FC Fakel Voronezh was relegated by being short of a point having received no points for their two extra drawn games. http://klisf.info/numeric/index.app?cmd=tournn&lang=en&id=549936875231248

Laureates of the Soviet second tier competitions

The teams that either won its group or participated in play-offs are included as well. All seasons are double-round robin unless otherwise indicated in "Notes".

Gruppa B (Group B)

SeasonWinnerRunners-upThirdTeams
1936 (spring)Dinamo TiflisZIS MoscowStalinets Leningrad8
1936 (autumn)Serp i Molot MoscowTemp BakuStalinets Moscow8
1937Spartak LeningradFC Dynamo Rostov/DonTemp Baku7 (8*)
1938not held, part of the Super League
1939Krylya Sovetov MoscowLokomotivi TbilisiFC Dynamo Rostov/Don23
1940Krasnaya Zarya LeningradFC Spartak LeningradStroitel Baku14
1941-44no competition due to World War II

Vtoraya Gruppa (Second Group)

SeasonWinnerRunners-upThirdTeamsSouthEastFinalCentralRussia IRussia IIUkraineCaucasusMiddle AsiaFinalCentralRussia IRussia IIUkraineSouthMiddle AsiaFinalCentralRussia IRussia IIRussia IIIRussia IVUkraineFinal
1945Krylya Sovetov KuybyshevVVS MoscowFC Moscow Military District18
1946VVS MoscowDO TbilisiFC Lokomotiv Kharkov1326
FC Pischevik MoscowFC Torpedo GorkyFC MVO Moscow13
VVS MoscowPischevik Moscow2
1947FC Lokomotiv MoscowFC MVO MoscowFC Dynamo Riga1567
FC Torpedo GorkyFC Dynamo SaratovFC Zenit Izhevsk12
FC Dzerzhinets ChelyabinskODO NovosibirskFC Krylia Sovetov Molotov10
FC Lokomotyv KharkivFC Shakhtar DonetskFC Kharchovyk Odessa13
ODO TbilisiFC Dynamo YerevanFC Lokomotivi Tbilisi8
FC Dynamo StalinabadFC Dynamo Alma-AtaFC Dynamo Tashkent9
Lokomotiv MoscowTorpedo GorkiyLokomotyv Kharkiv6
1948FC Metallurg MoscowFC Dynamo RigaFC MVO Moscow1575
FC Dynamo KazanFC Torpedo GorkyFC Krasnoye Znamia Ivanovo14
FC Dzerzhinets ChelyabinskODO NovosibirskODO Sverdlovsk13
FC Lokomotyv KharkivFC Stal DnipropetrovskODO Kyiv4 (8/8)
FC Dynamo YerevanODO TbilisiFC Spartaki Tbilisi10
ODO TashkentFC Dynamo Alma-AtaFC Lokomotiv Ashkhabat7
Lokomotyv KharkivMetallurg MoscowDynamo Yerevan6
1949FC Spartaki TbilisiFC Dynamo KutaisiSpartakas Vilnius1484
FC Dynamo Rostov-on-DonFC VMS MoscowFC Dynamo Krasnodar11
DO SverdlovskDO NovosibirskFC Dzerzhinets Chelyabinsk14
FC Sudostroitel LeningradDO LeningradFC Metallurg Moscow13
FC Kalinin KaliningradFC Stroitel DulevoFC Krasnoe Znamya Orekhovo-Zuyevo14
FC Kharchovyk OdessaFC Spartak LvivODO Kyiv18
Spartak TbilisiKalinin KaliningradKharchovyk Odessa7

Class B

SeasonWinnerRunners-upThirdTeamsKharkivIvanovoBakuFinalZone 1Zone 2Zone 3FinalZone 1Zone 2Zone 3FinalZone 1Zone 2Zone 1Zone 2Zone 1Zone 2Zone 3Far EastFinalZone 1Zone 2Zone 3Zone 4Zone 5Zone 6FinalZone 1Zone 2Zone 3Zone 4Zone 5Zone 6Zone 7Russia FinalRussia IRussia IIRussia IIIRussia IVRussia VRussia FinalUkraine IUkraine IIUkraine FinalRepublics IRepublics IIRepublics FinalRussia IRussia IIRussia IIIRussia IVRussia VRussia VIRussia FinalUkraine IUkraine IIUkraine FinalRepublics IRepublics IIRussia IRussia IIRussia IIIRussia IVRussia VRussia FinalUkraine IUkraine IIUkraine IIIUkraine FinalRepublics IRepublics IIRepublics Final
1950VMS MoscowTorpedo GorkiySpartakas Vilnius14
1951KalininDinamo MinskLokomotiv Moscow18
1952Spartakas VilniusFC Lokomotyv KharkivFC VMS Moscow617
DO TbilisiFC Krasnoe Znamya IvanovoFC Dinamo Alma-Ata6
Neftyanik BakuFC Burevestnik ChișinăuFC Torpedo Gorky5
Lokomotyv KharkivSpartakas VilniusDO Tbilisi9 / 918
1953FC Spartaki TbilisiFC Dynamo YerevanFC Torpedo Rostov-on-Don927
FC Znamya IvanovoFC Dinamo MinskFC Metalurh Odessa10
FC Shakhtar StalinoFC Torpedo GorkyFC Metalurh Zaporizhia8
Dinamo MinskTorpedo GorkiyShakhtar Stalino6/3/3/3/3/3/3
1954FC Spartak YerevanNeftyanik BakuODO Tbilisi1236
FC Zenit MoscowSpartakas VilniusFC Khimik Moscow12
FC Shakhtar StalinoFC Torpedo Rostov-on-DonFC Metalurh Zaporizhia12
Shakhtar StalinoSpartakas VilniusNeftyanik Baku6
1955Burevestnik ChisinauSpartak KalininODO Kiev1632
ODO SverdlovskSpartak YerevanODO Tbilisi16
1956Spartak MinskTorpedo TaganrogMetalurh Zaporizhia1836
Krylya Sovetov KuybyshevODO TbilisiSpartak Yerevan18
1957FC Avangard LeningradFC Torpedo TaganrogFC Avanhard Kharkiv1864
FC Spartak StanislavSKVO LvivFC Trudovyie Rezervy Leningrad18
SKVO TbilisiFC Spartak YerevanNeftyanik Baku16
SKVO KhabarovskFC Dynamo VladivostokFC Burevestnik Tomsk12
Avangard LeningradSpartak StanislavSKVO Tbilisi3
1958SKVO OdessaFC Trudovyie Rezervy LeningradFC Avanhard Mykolaiv1694
SKCF SevastopolFC Metalurh ZaporizhiaFC Rostselmash Rostov-on-Don16
SKVO LvivSpartak MinskFC Lokomotyv Vinnytsia16
SKVO Rostov-on-DonFC Spartak YerevanFC Kuban Krasnodar16
SKVO SverdlovskFC Kairat Alma-AtaFC Zvezda Perm16
SKVO KhabarovskFC Tomich TomskFC Urozhai Barnaul14
SKVO Rostov-na-DonuSKVO SverdlovskSKCF Sevastopol6
1959FC Trud VoronezhFC Dynamo KirovFC Avanhard Mykolaiv15101
FC Trudovyie Rezervy LeningradFC Trud GlukhovoFC Avanhard Kharkiv15
FC Spartak YerevanFC Terek GroznyFC Torpedo Taganrog14
FC Lokomotyv VinnytsiaFC Baltika KaliningradSKVO Odessa15
FC Admiralteyets LeningradFC Volga KalininFC Zenit Izhevsk14
FC Pamir LeninabadFC Mashinostroitel SverdlovskFC Metallurg Magnitogorsk14
SKVO SverdlovskFC Lokomotiv KrasnoyarskSKVO Khabarovsk14
Admiralteyets LeningradTrudovyie Reservy LeningradTrud Voronezh4
1960FC Trud VoronezhFC Spartak LeningradFC Shakhter Stalinogorsk1674
FC Volga KalininFC Shinnik YaroslavlFC Dynamo Kirov15
FC Terek GroznyFC Torpedo TaganrogFC Spartak Krasnodar14
FC Metallurg Nizhny TagilFC Zvezda PermFC Lokomotiv Chelyabinsk15
FC Irtysh OmskSKA KhabarovskFC Sibelektromotor Tomsk14
Trud VoronezhFC Irtysh OmskVolga Kalinin5
Sudnobudivnyk MykolaivFC Lokomotyv VinnytsiaFC Arsenal Kyiv1736
FC Metalurh ZaporizhiaSKA OdessaFC Trudovi Rezervy Luhansk19
Metalurh ZaporizhzhyaSudobudivnyk Mykolaiv2
FC Lokomotivi TbilisiFC Urozhai MinskFC Shirak Leninakan1632
FC Torpedo KutaisiFC Pamir LeninabadFC Progress Baku16
Torpedo KutaisiLokomotivi Tbilisi2
1961FC Volga KalininFC Metallurg CherepovetsFC Dynamo Leningrad1378
FC Dynamo KirovFC Baltika KaliningradFC Iskra Kazan13
FC Krylia Sovietov KuibyshevFC Sokol SaratovFC Traktor Stalingrad13
FC Terek GroznyFC Rostselmash Rostov-on-DonFC Torpedo Taganrog13
FC Lokomotiv ChelyabinskFC Uralmash SverdlovskFC Stroitel Ufa13
SKA KhabarovskSKA NovosibirskFC Luch Vladivostok13
Krylya Sovetov KuybyshevTerek GroznyDynamo Kirov6
FC Chornomorets OdessaFC Lokomotyv VinnytsiaFC Zirka Kirovohrad1837
SKA OdessaFC Trudovi Rezervy LuhanskFC Avanhard Zhovti Vody19
Chornomorets OdessaSCA OdessaLokomotyv Vinnytsiaplayoffs
FC Lokomotivi TbilisiFC Shirak LeninakanLokomotiv Gomel1632
FC Torpedo KutaisiFC Shakhter KaragandaFC Metallurg Rustavi16
1962FC Shinnik YaroslavlFC Spartak LeningradFC Tekstilshchik Ivanovo1779
FC Trud VoronezhFC Trudovyie Rezervy KurskFC Serpukhov16
FC Spartak KrasnodarFC Traktor VolgogradFC Rostselmash Rostov-on-Don15
FC Uralmash SverdlovskFC Lokomotiv ChelyabinskFC Iskra Kazan16
SKA NovosibirskSKA KhabarovskFC Luch Vladivostok15
Spartak KrasnodarTrud VoronezhUralmash Sverdlovsk5
FC Chornomorets OdessaFC Polissya ZhytomyrFC Lokomotyv Donetsk1339
SKA OdessaFC Metalurh ZaporizhiaSKA Kyiv13
FC Trudovi Rezervy LuhanskAvanhard SimferopolFC Lokomotyv Vinnytsia13
Trudovye Rezervy LuganskChornomorets OdessaAvanhard Simferopol6/11/11/11
Lokomotiv GomelFC Shirak LeninakanFC Nairi Yerevan1732
FC Shakhter KaragandaFC Alga FrunzeFC Metallurg Chimkent15
Shakhtyor KaragandaLokomotiv Gomel2

Vtoraya Gruppa Klassa A (Second Group of the Class A)

SeasonWinnerRunners-upThirdTeamsSubgroup 1Subgroup 2FinalSubgroup 1Subgroup 2FinalSubgroup 1Subgroup 2Subgroup 3FinalSubgroup 1Subgroup 2Subgroup 3FinalSubgroup 1Subgroup 2Subgroup 3Subgroup 4FinalSubgroup 1Subgroup 2Subgroup 3Subgroup 4Final
1963Shinnik YaroslavlTorpedo GorkiyTrud Voronezh18
1964FC Avanhard KharkivFC Chornomorets OdessaŽalgiris Vilnius1327
SCA OdessaFC Shakhter KaragandaLokomotiv Moscow14
Lokomotiv MoscowSCA OdessaPakhtakor Tashkent14 / 13
1965FC Tekstilshchik IvanovoFC Uralmash SverdlovskFC Avanhard Kharkiv1632
FC Shinnik YaroslavlFC Zorya LuhanskŽalgiris Vilnius16
Ararat YerevanKairat Alma-AtyAvanhard Kharkiv16 / 16
1966Žalgiris VilniusFC Tekstilshchik IvanovoFC Kuban Krasnodar1753
FC Zorya LuhanskSKA KyivSKA Lviv18
FC PolitodelFC Shakhter KaragandaFC Stroitel Ufa18
Zorya LuhanskŽalgiris VilniusPolitotdel Tashkent3 / 3
1967Dynamo KirovabadFK Daugava RigaFC Kuban Krasnodar2059
SKA KyivFC Metalurh ZaporizhiaSKA Lviv20
FC Shakhter KaragandaFC Uralmash SverdlovskFC Alga Frunze19
Dynamo KirovabadShakhtar KaragandaSKA Kyiv3 / 3
1968FC Karpaty LvivSKA KyivSKA Odessa2184
Sudnobudivnyk MykolaivFC Metalist KharkivFC Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk21
FC Uralmash SverdlovskFC Spartak OrdzhonikidzeFC Dynamo Makhachkala21
FC Irtysh OmskFC Kuzbass KemerovoSKA Khabarovsk21
Uralmash SverdlovskKarpaty LvivIrtysh Omsk4
1969FC Spartak OrdzhonikidzeFC Dynamo LeningradFC Kuban Krasnodar2087
SKA KhabarovskFC Rubin KazanFC Metallurg Kuibyshev12 / 12
FC Dnipro DnipropetrovskSKA KyivFC Metalist Kharkiv22
Žalgiris VilniusFC Shakhter KaragandaFC Lokomotivi Tbilisi21
Spartak OrdzhonikidzeDnipro DnipropetrovskSKA Khabarovsk4

Pervaya Gruppa Klassa A (First Group of the Class A)

SeasonWinnerRunners-upThirdTeams
1970Karpaty LvivKairat Alma-AtyDnipro Dnipropetrovsk22

Pervaya Liga (First League)

SeasonWinnerRunners-upWinnerTeamsWestEastFinal
1971Dnipro DnipropetrovskLokomotiv MoscowChornomorets Odessa22
1972Pakhtakor TashkentShakhtar DonetskFC Chornomorets Odessa20
1973Chornomorets OdessaNistru KishenevLokomotiv Moscow20
1974Lokomotiv MoscowSKA Rostov/DonuDinamo Minsk20
1975Krylya Sovetov KuybyshevDinamo MinskTorpedo Kutaisi20
1976Kairat AlmatyNeftçi BakuPakhtakor Tashkent20
1977Spartak MoscowPakhtakor TashkentTavriya Simferopol20
1978Krylya Sovetov KuybyshevSKA Rostov/DonuDinamo Minsk20
1979Karpaty LvivKuban KrasnodarPamir Dushanbe24
1980Tavriya SimferopolDnipro DnipropetrovskMetalist Kharkiv24
1981Metalist KharkivTorpedo KutaisiLokomotiv Moscow24
1982Žalgiris VilniusNistru KishenevKolos Nikopol22
1983Kairat AlmatySKA Rostov/DonuFakel Voronezh22
1984Fakel VoronezhTorpedo KutaisiSKA Karpaty Lviv22
1985FC Daugava RigaSKA Karpaty LvivFC Kotayk11
FC Shinnik YaroslavlFC Pamir DushanbeFC CSKA Moscow11
Daugava RīgaCSKA MoscowSKA Karpaty Lviv12 / 10
1986CSKA MoscowGuria LanchkhutiDaugava Rīga24
1987Chornomorets OdessaLokomotiv MoscowDaugava Rīga22
1988Pamir DushanbeRotor VolgogradCSKA Moscow22
1989CSKA MoscowGuria LanchkhutiKairat Alma-Aty22
1990Spartak VladikavkazPakhtakor TashkentMetalurh Zaporizhia20
1991Rotor VolgogradTiligul TiraspolUralmash Yekaterinburg22

Winners

ClubWinnersRunners-up3rd PositionYears won
FC Krylia Sovietov Kuibyshev51945, 1956, 1961, 1975, 1978
FC Lokomotiv Moscow3231947, 1964, 1974
FC Chernomorets Odessa3131961*, 1973, 1987
FC Dinamo Minsk2221953, 1956*
FC Torpedo Kutaisi2211960, 1961
FC Kairat Alma-Ata2211976, 1983
FC Fakel Voronezh2131960*, 1984
FC Ararat Yerevan2121959*, 1965
FC CSKA Moscow2111986, 1989
FC Karpaty Lvov211970, 1979
FC Lokomotiv Kharkov211948, 1952
FC Admiralteyets Leningrad21957, 1959*
FC Zarya Lugansk21962*, 1966
FC Spartak Ordzhonikidze21969, 1990
FC Zhalgiris Vilnius1311982
SKA Rostov-on-Don131958
FC Pakhtakor Tashkent1221972
FC Dnepr Dnepropetrovsk1211971
FC Zimbru Kishinev121955*
FC Shakhter Donetsk1111954
Serp i Molot Moscow111936
FC Spartak Leningrad111937
VVS Moscow111946
SKA Sverdlovsk111955*
FC Shakhter Karaganda111962*
FC Lokomotivi Tbilisi111961*
FC Kuban Krasnodar111962*
FC Rotor Volgograd111991
SC Tavriya Simferopol121980
FC Metallist Kharkov121981
FC Daugava Riga121985
FC Metallurg Zaporozhie121960*
FC Uralmash Sverdlovsk121968
FC Lokomotiv Vinnitsa111959*
FC Pamir Dushanbe111988
Dynamo Tiflis11936
FC Krylia Sovietov Moscow11939
FC Krasnaya Zarya Leningrad11940
FC Spartaki Tbilisi11949
FC VMS Moscow11950
FC MVO Moscow11951
FC Shinnik Yaroslavl11963
Dynamo Kirovabad11967
FC Pamir Leninabad11959*
FC Spartak Moscow11977
RepublicsWinnersYears won
Russian SFSR301936, 1937, 1939, 1940, 1945, 1946, 1947, 1950, 1951, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1968, 1969, 1974, 1975, 1977, 1978, 1984, 1986, 1989, 1990, 1991
Ukrainian SSR151948, 1952, 1954, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1966, 1970, 1971, 1973, 1979, 1980, 1981, 1987
Georgian SSR51936, 1949, 1960, 1961, 1961*
Kazakh SSR31962*, 1976, 1983
Belarusian SSR21953, 1956*
Armenian SSR21959*, 1965
Tajik SSR21959*, 1988
Moldovan SSR11955*
Azerbaijan SSR11967
Uzbek SSR11972
Lithuanian SSR11982
Latvian SSR11985

Podium sweep

  • Russia (1963)
  • Ukraine (1980)

All-time table (top 20)

There were over 260 teams that played in the Soviet First League. In the list with green background are clubs with over 30 seasons in the league.

TeamRepublicSeasonsFirst
seasonLast
seasonPlayedWonDrawnLostGoals
forGoals
againstPoints11st2nd3rd
Metallurg ZaporozhieUkraine4019471990147056340650119141687209512
Shinnik YaroslavlRussia331957199112764933534301567142618321
Pamir DushanbeTajikistan3619471987132946832553616211851172911
Kuban KrasnodarRussia3119491991111643628739313951287159511
Fakel VoronezhRussia261954199199342128029212319131543213
Nistru KishinevMoldova3219471991115440632242613181416154012
Kuzbass KemerovoRussia30194819901086402244440131113971450
Uralmash SverdlovskRussia3019451991100339023038313161266140012
Zhalgiris VilniusLithuania261947198292437426228811799221384131
Dnepr DnepropetrovskUkraine2619391980873378223272122610551357121
Rotor VolgogradRussia271951199191837022232612511118133211
Tekstilschik IvanovoRussia3019391983938347265326117911341306
Tavria SimferopolUkraine231958199189034324030711621043126912
Daugava RigaLatvia261948198995932827136011041164125512
SKA Karpaty LvovUkraine231949198981334420226710589181234
Spartak VladikavkazRussia24196019909333402123811059117712322
Chernomorets OdessaUkraine221940197370334316419611327711193313
Torpedo KutaisiGeorgia201949198974633816923910378181183221
Metallist KharkovUkraine2119471981772316211245913784115912
Zvezda PermRussia2619451979840306221313104610611139

1Three points for a win. In 1973, a point for a draw was awarded only to a team that won the subsequent penalty shootout. In 1978–1988, the number of draws for which points were awarded was limited.

Soviet football championship among reserves

SeasonChampionRunner-up3rd PositionTop Goalscorer
1971Chernomorets Odessa (1)Metallurg ZaporozhyeDnepr Dnepropetrovsk
1972???
1973???
1974SKA Rostov-na-Donu (1)Dinamo MinskKrylya Sovetov Kuibyshev
1975???
1976???
1977???
1978Dinamo Minsk (1)SKA Rostov-na-DonuKarpaty Lvov
1979Zhalgiris Vilnius (1)Pamir DushanbeKarpaty Lvov
1980Kolos Nikopol (1)SKA OdessaMetallist Kharkov
1981???
1982SKA-Karpaty Lvov (1)SKA OdessaKolos Nikopol
1983Iskra Smolensk (1)Lokomotiv MoscowSKA Rostov-na-Donu
Metallurg Zaporozhye (1)Kairat Alma-AtaSKA-Karpaty Lvov
1984Iskra Smolensk (2)Zvezda DzhizakNistru Kishinev
1985???
1986???
1987???
1988???
1989???
1990???
1991???

Notes

References

References

  1. link. (2023-04-07 ''. History of Soviet football championships. Volume 1 (1936–1969). Litres, 2019)
  2. ''Trudovye Reservy'' were replacing ''Dynamo Leningrad'' for several season. Later ''Dynamo'' was reinstated in their place.
  3. After 1989 season teams from Baltic states ([[Latvia]], [[Lithuania]], [[Estonia]]) and [[Georgia (country). Georgia]] withdrew from the Soviet competitions. Only the two pro-Soviet, pro-Russian teams: ''Pardaugava (Riga)'' and ''Dinamo Sukhumi'' continued to participate.
  4. Four teams were promoted due to withdrawal of several teams prior to this season. The fourth team was ''Lokomotiv Moscow''.
  5. Last season. Russian SFSR clubs form new [[Russian Top Division]] with compatriot clubs from [[Soviet Top League]], and other SSR clubs do the same.
  6. "Чемпионат СССР, первая лига".
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