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Soviet aircraft carrier Kiev

Kiev class Aircraft cruiser

Field	Value
section1	{{Infobox ship/image
image	Aircraft carrier "Kiev" in 1986.jpeg
image_caption	Kiev underway, 1986
section2	{{Infobox ship/career
country	Soviet Union → Russia
flag	→
name	Kiev
namesake	Kiev, Ukrainian SSR
builder	Chernomorskiy yard, Nikolayev, Ukrainian SSR
laid_down	21 July 1970
launched	26 December 1972
commissioned	28 December 1975
decommissioned	30 June 1993
fate	Sold to a Chinese company in 1996. Theme park in Tianjin since 1 May 2004.
section3	{{Infobox ship/characteristics
class	aircraft cruiser
displacement	*30,530 tons (standard)
*41,370 tons (loaded) <ref name	"Kiev"
length	273.1 m o/a
beam	*49.2 m overall
*{{convert	31	m	abbr	on}} at the waterline
draught	8.95 m
power	140000 shp
propulsion	Four shaft geared steam turbines
speed	32 kn
range	13500 nmi at 18 kn
complement	*1,612 ship's crew
armament	*4 × twin SS-N-12 Sandbox SSM launchers (8 missiles)
aircraft	*32 (total); 12 Yak-38M fighter aircraft

Note

the lead ship of the Soviet Kiev-class aircraft carrier

41,370 tons (loaded)
31 m at the waterline
430 air group
2 × twin SA-N-3 Shtorm SAM launchers (72 missiles)
2 × twin SA-N-4 Gecko SAM launchers (40 missiles)
2 × twin 76 mm guns
8 × AK-630 30 mm CIWS
10 × 533 mm torpedo tubes
1 × twin SUW-N-1 ASW rocket launcher (16 nuclear-tipped rockets)
2 × RBU-6000 anti-submarine rocket launchers
20 Kamov Ka-25 or Kamov Ka-27 helicopters

Kiev () is an aircraft carrier (heavy aircraft cruiser in Russian classification) that served the Soviet Navy and the Russian Navy from 1975 to 1993. She was built between 1970 and 1975 at Chernomorski factory in Mykolaiv and was the first vessel to be built. She is currently part of a theme park in China.

Service life

On 16 July 1976 she sailed from Sevastopol in the Black Sea, and on 20 July began testing her Yakovlev Yak-36M aircraft (four Yak-36M and one Yak-36MU on board) under sea conditions in the Mediterranean off Crete. On 10 August 1976 she arrived in Severomorsk, Murmansk Oblast, and was attached to the Northern Fleet's 170th Anti-Submarine Warfare Brigade, and conducted extensive tests up to December. Between 12 and 19 April 1977 she took part in the Sever-77 exercise, and on 26 June 1977 was reclassified from Protivolodochnyye Kreysery (PKR) "ASW cruiser" to Tyazhelyye Avianesushchiye Kreysery (TAVKR) "Heavy aircraft carrying cruiser". Between 20 December 1977 and 21 April 1978 she participated in operations in the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean. On 3 November 1978 she hit a sand bar, but suffered no damage. She took part in a local exercise on 4 August 1978, and on 11 October in final tests of the main missiles in the White Sea.

From 1977 to 1987, Kiev undertook 10 practice voyages to the Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea. In March 1979 she undertook manoeuvres with her sister ship Minsk on the Mediterranean. In October 1981 she was a flagship in the massive fleet exercise Zapad-81 on the Baltic Sea. From December 1982 to November 1984 she underwent an overhaul and modernization in Mykolaiv. From 1985, the practice of operating Yakovlev Yak-38s in STOL mode instead of VTOL was introduced, allowing an increase in aircraft payload and range, and a replacement of Kamov Ka-25 helicopters with Kamov Ka-27 started. In 1985 Kiev went back to the Northern Fleet. From 1987 she mainly stayed in Severomorsk. In December 1989 she was moved to reserve. After the disintegration of the USSR, the ship was taken by Russia. Due to a low military budget and worsening ship's condition, she was retired on 30 June 1993.

Post-service life

In 1996 Kiev was sold to , a theme park in Tianjin, China. The concept was developed by world tourism and attraction consultant Leisure Quest International.

In August 2011, ex-Kiev was developed into a luxury hotel after renovations costing £9.6 million.

References

(2013). "Heavy Aircraft-Carrying Cruisers - Project 1143". russian-ships.info.
Due to restrictions imposed by the [[Montreux Convention]] limiting the tonnage of aircraft carriers traveling through the [[Bosporus]], all Soviet and Russian aircraft carriers are named as aircraft carrying cruisers. In the case of ''Kiev'', this accurately reflects the ship's mission and weapons fit.
Holm, Michael. (2013). "Kiev class". ww2.dk.
[https://web.archive.org/web/20140903092230/http://www.leisure-quest.com/about.php Leisure Quest International - About]
Branigan, Tania. (10 August 2011). "China launches second aircraft carrier – as luxury hotel". The Guardian.

Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

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