Southwest Region (Cameroon)

History

In 1884, the region was colonized by Germany under the Protectorate regime until 1916 when it became a condominium administered jointly by the United Kingdom and France. In 1919, the administration of the South West region became solely British. In 1961, the region joined Cameroon as part of the federated state of West Cameroon.

At the end of 2017, an Ambazonian separatist movement in the two English-speaking regions of the North-West and South-West initiated a wave of violence affecting the military, police, business leaders and workers. The separatist militiamen are trying in particular to prevent children from returning to school. Between 2016 and 2019, separatists reportedly ransacked, destroyed or burned more than 174 schools Separatists from the Ambazonia administration regard both the Northwest and Southwest regions as being constituent components of their envisaged breakaway state.

Administration

The region is divided into six divisions or departments: Fako, Koupé-Manengouba, Lebialem, Manyu, Meme and Ndian. These are in turn broken down into subdivisions. Presidentially appointed senior divisional officers (prefets) and subdivisional officers (sous-prefets) govern each respectively.

Special status

As part of the Major National Dialogue, the region was given a "special status" in December 2019, granting additional rights and responsibilities in relation to economic, health, social, educational, sports and cultural development. Under the special status the region has a bicameral Regional Assembly, made up of a 20-member House of Chiefs composed of traditional leaders and a 70-member House of Divisional Representatives nominated by municipal councils. The Regional Assembly appoints a Regional Executive Council. Additional powers over health and education were also granted to municipalities.

Regional Executive Council

The Regional Executive Council is led by the President of the Regional Assembly and includes a vice president, three commissioners, two secretaries and a questor. The first committee, elected in December 2020, was as follows:

Geography

The region was notable for having the first English-speaking university in Cameroon (the University of Buea). Towns include the capital Buea, Limbe, Tiko, Ekondo , Mundemba, Kumba and Mamfe. Limbe in particular is a popular tourist resort notable for its fine beaches. Korup National Park situated in the Ndian Division is also a major attraction. Buea itself, meanwhile, sits at the foot of Mount Cameroon, and possesses an almost temperate climate markedly different from the rest of the province.

Culture

The province is largely Anglophone and Protestant Christian.

Common dishes in the region

Demographics

Healthcare

• Limbe Provincial Hospital

References

References

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2. "Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab".
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4. Tatah-Mentan, I., and F. Achankeng. "Stopping war before it starts: testing preventive diplomacy in the selfdetermination case of British Southern Cameroons (aka Ambazonia)." British Southern Cameroons: Nationalism & Conflict in Postcolonial Africa (2014): 127-170.
5. Emmanuel Mbah, ''Environment and Identity Politics in Colonial Africa: Fulani Migrations and Land Conflict'', Taylor & Francis, UK, 2016, p. 20
6. Emmanuel Mbah, ''Environment and Identity Politics in Colonial Africa: Fulani Migrations and Land Conflict'', Taylor & Francis, UK, 2016, p. 21
7. Philippe Karsenty, [https://www.causeur.fr/rentree-scolaire-cameroun-ambazoniens-terrorisme-165174 in Cameroon], causeur.fr, September 2, 2019
8. Adepoju, Paul. "World Report Hospital attack in anglophone Cameroon kills four patients." (2019).
9. "Région du Sud-Ouest".
10. (21 December 2019). "Cameroon grants special status to Anglophone regions". Reuters.
11. (2019-12-21). "Cameroon MPs Approve Law Giving Special Status to English-Speaking Regions".
12. (2020-11-25). "Comprendre la Région CTDEN".
13. Bone, R. Maxwell. (2020-01-13). "Cameroon grants 'special status' its to restive regions. They don't feel special".
14. (2020-12-22). "Cameroon: First-Ever South West Regional Council Session Takes Place - PAN AFRICAN VISIONS".
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16. [http://www.citypopulation.de/Cameroon-Cities.html Cameroon: Administrative Division population statistics]