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Solar eclipse of August 19, 1887
Total eclipse
Total eclipse
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| previous | Solar eclipse of February 22, 1887 |
| next | Solar eclipse of February 11, 1888 |
A total solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's ascending node of orbit on Friday, August 19, 1887, with a magnitude of 1.0518. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 1.8 days before perigee (on August 21, 1887, at 0:10 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.
The path of totality was visible from parts of modern-day Germany, Poland, Belarus, Lithuania, southeastern Latvia, Russia, Mongolia, China, North Korea, and Japan. A partial solar eclipse was also visible for parts of Europe, Northeast Africa, Asia, northern Greenland, and Alaska.
Observations
The Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev ascended in a balloon near Moscow to observe this eclipse. The weather in Tver Governorate was cloudy and it was rain at morning, so Mendeleev forced to fly alone. He made some notes at 6:55, 20 minutes after the start, and made some observations of the solar corona. For this flight, the scientist was awarded the medal of the Academy of Aerostatic Meteorology.
| [[File:Solar eclipse 1887Aug19-Niesten.png | 210px]] | [[File:Die Gartenlaube (1887) b 509 2.jpg | 320px]]Partiality at sunrise from Berlin, Germany | [[File:Ilya Repin, The Solar Eclipse of 1887 (Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev on the aerostat).jpg | 200px]]Ilya Repin, “The Solar Eclipse of 1887” (“Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev on the aerostat”), 1887. |
|---|
Russian writer Anton Chekhov published the short story "From the Diary of a Hot-Tempered Man" six weeks before the eclipse passed through Russia. The story includes a major section about the frustrations of a man who is trying to make a great variety of observations during the short interval of totality. In the story the eclipse date is given as 7 August 1887, as per the Julian Calendar then in use in Russia.
Eclipse details
Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the Moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.
| Event | Time (UTC) |
|---|---|
| First Penumbral External Contact | 1887 August 19 at 03:05:23.2 UTC |
| First Umbral External Contact | 1887 August 19 at 04:09:44.3 UTC |
| First Central Line | 1887 August 19 at 04:11:03.8 UTC |
| First Umbral Internal Contact | 1887 August 19 at 04:12:23.8 UTC |
| Equatorial Conjunction | 1887 August 19 at 05:15:23.5 UTC |
| Greatest Duration | 1887 August 19 at 05:31:45.2 UTC |
| Greatest Eclipse | 1887 August 19 at 05:32:05.2 UTC |
| Ecliptic Conjunction | 1887 August 19 at 05:38:34.1 UTC |
| Last Umbral Internal Contact | 1887 August 19 at 06:51:56.7 UTC |
| Last Central Line | 1887 August 19 at 06:53:18.3 UTC |
| Last Umbral External Contact | 1887 August 19 at 06:54:39.5 UTC |
| Last Penumbral External Contact | 1887 August 19 at 07:58:51.2 UTC |
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Eclipse Magnitude | 1.05176 |
| Eclipse Obscuration | 1.10619 |
| Gamma | 0.63124 |
| Sun Right Ascension | 09h52m33.6s |
| Sun Declination | +12°53'52.0" |
| Sun Semi-Diameter | 15'48.5" |
| Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 08.7" |
| Moon Right Ascension | 09h53m11.8s |
| Moon Declination | +13°30'38.5" |
| Moon Semi-Diameter | 16'24.8" |
| Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 1°00'14.3" |
| ΔT | -6.0 s |
Eclipse season
This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.
| August 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Descending node (full moon) | ||
| August 19 | ||
| Ascending node (new moon) | ||
| [[File:SE1887Aug19T.png | 200px]] | |
| Partial lunar eclipse | ||
| Lunar Saros 117 | Total solar eclipse | |
| Solar Saros 143 |
Notes
References
- NASA graphic
- Googlemap
- NASA Besselian elements
- American Eclipse Expedition to Japan: The Total Solar Eclipse of 1887 "Preliminary Report of Prof. David P. Todd, Astronomer in Charge of the Expedition." Published by the Observatory Amherst, Mass., 1888
- The total solar eclipse of August 19, 1887 Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 48, p. 202
- Sketchs of Solar Corona August 19, 1887
- Solar eclipse of August 19, 1887 in Russia
References
- "Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England". timeanddate.
- Кирилл Яблочкин.. (19 October 2014). "Менделеев на воздушном шаре: история рискованного полёта великого химика".
- "Total Solar Eclipse of 1887 Aug 19". EclipseWise.com.
This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.
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