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Solar cycle 10

Solar cycle 10
FieldValue
cycle_num10
imageCarrington Richard drawing of 1859 sunspots.jpeg
captionSunspots during solar cycle 10, as sketched by Richard Carrington (September 1, 1859).
start_dateDecember 1855
end_dateMarch 1867
duration11.3
max_count186.2
max_count_dateFebruary 1860
min_count6.0
spotless_count406
prev_nameSolar cycle 9
prev_dates1843-1855
next_nameSolar cycle 11
next_dates1867-1878
Drawing of the Great Sunspot of 1865

Solar cycle 10 was the tenth solar cycle since 1755, when extensive recording of solar sunspot activity began. The solar cycle lasted 11.3 years, beginning in December 1855 and ending in March 1867. The maximum smoothed sunspot number observed during the solar cycle was 186.2 (February 1860), and the starting minimum was 6.0. During the transit from solar cycle 10 to 11, there were a total of 406 days without sunspots.What's Wrong with the Sun? (Nothing) more information: Spotless Days. ""Solaemon's Spotless Days Page. "http://users.telenet.be/j.janssens/Spotless/Spotless.html"

The first observations of solar flares occurred during this cycle.

Solar storm of 1859

Main article: Carrington Event

On September 1, 1859, the first solar flare was observed independently by Richard Carrington and Richard Hodgson.

On September 1–2, 1859, the largest recorded geomagnetic storm occurred in what would be known as the Carrington Event. Aurorae were seen around the world, even over the Caribbean; those over the Rocky Mountains were so bright that their glow awoke gold miners, who began preparing breakfast because they thought it was morning. Telegraph systems all over Europe and North America failed. Telegraph pylons threw sparks and telegraph paper spontaneously caught fire. Some telegraph systems continued to send and receive messages despite having been disconnected from their power supplies.

References

References

  1. Kane, R.P. (2002). "[https://doi.org/10.1023%2FA%3A1014296529097 Some Implications Using the Group Sunspot Number Reconstruction]". ''Solar Physics'' '''205(2)''', 383-401.
  2. "The Sun: Did You Say the Sun Has Spots?". Space Today Online.
  3. SIDC Monthly Smoothed Sunspot Number. "[http://sidc.oma.be/sunspot-data/]"
  4. Spotless Days. "[http://spaceweather.com/glossary/spotlessdays.htm?PHPSESSID=dli444kmrjgre0rjq6l86fv144]"
  5. (28 July 2008). "Bracing the Satellite Infrastructure for a Solar Superstorm". [[Scientific American]].
  6. [https://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2009/21jan_severespaceweather.htm?list5029 "NASA — Severe Space Weather".]
  7. [http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?id=timeline-the-1859-solar-superstorm "Timeline: The 1859 Solar Superstorm".]
  8. [http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/mystery_monday_031027.html "The Great Storm: Solar Tempest of 1859 Revealed".]
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