Silver oxide

Preparation

Silver oxide can be prepared by combining aqueous solutions of silver nitrate and an alkali hydroxide. This reaction does not afford appreciable amounts of silver hydroxide due to the favorable energetics for the following reaction: :(pK = 2.875) With suitably controlled conditions, this reaction can be used to prepare Ag2O powder with properties suitable for several uses including as a fine grained conductive paste filler.

Structure and properties

Ag2O features linear, two-coordinate Ag centers linked by tetrahedral oxides. It is isostructural with Cu2O. It "dissolves" in solvents that degrade it. It is slightly soluble in water due to the formation of the ion and possibly related hydrolysis products. It is soluble in ammonia solution, producing active compound of Tollens' reagent. A slurry of Ag2O is readily attacked by acids: : where HX = HF, HCl, HBr, HI, or CF3COOH. It will also react with solutions of alkali chlorides to precipitate silver chloride, leaving a solution of the corresponding alkali hydroxide.

Despite the photosensitivity of many silver compounds, silver oxide is not photosensitive. A significant amount of the oxide reduces to metallic silver at temperatures above 380 °C.

Applications

This oxide is used in silver-oxide batteries. In organic chemistry, silver oxide is used as a mild oxidizing agent. For example, it oxidizes aldehydes to carboxylic acids.

References

References

1. "Silver Oxide MSDS". Salt Lake Metals.
2. (1960-04-01). "The Thermal Decomposition of Silver Oxide". Journal of the American Chemical Society.
3. Lide, David R.. (1998). "Handbook of Chemistry and Physics". CRC Press.
4. Perry, Dale L.. (1995). "Handbook of Inorganic Compounds". CRC Press.
5. (1982). "Ionisation Constants of Inorganic Acids and Bases in Aqueous Solution". Pergamon.
6. Zumdahl, Steven S.. (2009). "Chemical Principles 6th Ed.". Houghton Mifflin Company.
7. "Silver oxide".
8. {{Sigma-Aldrich
9. O. Glemser and H. Sauer "Silver Oxide" in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Edited by G. Brauer, Academic Press, 1963, NY. Vol. 1. p. 1037.
10. Janssen, D. E.; Wilson, C. V.. (1963). "4-Iodoveratrole".
11. Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. "Inorganic Chemistry" Academic Press: San Diego, 2001. {{ISBN. 0-12-352651-5.
12. (1960). "Studies on the Hydrolysis of Metal Ions. Part 30. A Critical Survey of the Solubility Equilibria of Ag₂O". Acta Chemica Scandinavica.
13. "Fine-grain silver oxide powder".
14. (1966). "Advanced Inorganic Chemistry (2nd Ed.)". New York:Interscience.
15. General Chemistry by [[Linus Pauling]], 1970 Dover ed. p703-704
16. (1960-04-01). "The Thermal Decomposition of Silver Oxide". Journal of the American Chemical Society.
17. (2025). "Silver Oxide Reduction Chemistry in an Alkane Environment". ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces.
18. (2009-12-20). "Duracell PROCELL: The Chemistries: Silver Oxide".
19. 裴, 坚. "基础有机化学".
20. (2009). "Silver nitrate-catalyzed oxidation of aldehydes to carboxylic acids by H2O2". Tetrahedron Letters.