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Sfermion

Bosonic superpartner of a fermion

In supersymmetric extension to the Standard Model (SM) of physics, a sfermion is a hypothetical spin-0 superpartner particle (sparticle) of its associated fermion. Each particle has a superpartner with spin that differs by . Fermions in the SM have spin- and, therefore, sfermions have spin 0.

The name 'sfermion' was formed by the general rule of prefixing an 's' to the name of its superpartner, denoting that it is a scalar particle with spin 0. For instance, the electron's superpartner is the selectron and the top quark's superpartner is the stop squark.

One corollary from supersymmetry is that sparticles have the same gauge numbers as their SM partners. This means that sparticle–particle pairs have the same color charge, weak isospin charge, and hypercharge (and consequently electric charge). Unbroken supersymmetry also implies that sparticle–particle pairs have the same mass. This is evidently not the case, since these sparticles would have already been detected. Thus, sparticles must have different masses from the particle partners and supersymmetry is said to be broken.

Fundamental sfermions

Squarks

Squarks (also quarkinos) are the superpartners of quarks. These include the sup squark, sdown squark, scharm squark, sstrange squark, stop squark, and sbottom squark.

Squark	Symbol	Associated quark	Symbol
First generation
Sup squark	\tilde{u}	Up quark	u
Sdown squark	\tilde{d}	Down quark	d
Second generation
Scharm squark	\tilde{c}	Charm quark	c
Sstrange squark	\tilde{s}	Strange quark	s
Third generation
Stop squark	\tilde{t}	Top quark	t
Sbottom squark	\tilde{b}	Bottom quark	b

Sleptons

Sleptons are the superpartners of leptons. These include the selectron, smuon, stau, and their corresponding sneutrino flavors.

Slepton	Symbol	Associated lepton	Symbol
First generation
Selectron	\tilde{e}	Electron	e
Selectron sneutrino	\tilde{\nu}_e	Electron neutrino	\nu_e
Second generation
Smuon	\tilde{\mu}	Muon	\mu
Smuon sneutrino	\tilde{\nu}_\mu	Muon neutrino	\nu_\mu
Third generation
Stau	\tilde{\tau}	Tau	\tau
Stau sneutrino	\tilde{\nu}_\tau	Tau neutrino	\nu_\tau

References

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References

(2005). "High Energy Physics: Ichep 2004 - Proceedings Of The 32nd International Conference (In 2 Volumes)". World Scientific.
(2004). "Neutrino Oscillations And Their Origin, Proceedings Of The 4th International Workshop". World Scientific.
(2006). "Weak Scale Supersymmetry: From Superfields to Scattering Events". Cambridge University Press.
(1997). "Flavor-changing Neutral Currents: Present And Future Studies: Proceedings Of The Symposium". World Scientific.
(1992). "Joint International Lepton-photon Symposium And Europhysics Conference On High Energy Physics - Lp-hep '91 (In 2 Volumes)". World Scientific.
(2017). "Supersymmetry Beyond Minimality: From Theory to Experiment". CRC Press.
(1999). "Cosmoparticle Physics". World Scientific.
(2004). "Neutrino Oscillations And Their Origin, Proceedings Of The 4th International Workshop". World Scientific.

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supersymmetric-quantum-field-theory hypothetical-elementary-particles bosons subatomic-particles-with-spin-0

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