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Senate Democratic Caucus

Formal organization of U.S. Democratic Senators


Formal organization of U.S. Democratic Senators

FieldValue
nameSenate Democratic Caucus
logoSenate Democrats logo.svgclass=skin-invert
colorcode
leader1_titlePart of
leader1_nameUnited States Senate
leader2_titleChair and Floor Leader
leader2_nameChuck Schumer (NY)
leader3_titleFloor Whip
leader3_nameDick Durbin (IL)
leader4_titleVice Chairs
leader4_nameMark Warner (VA)
leader5_titleSecretary
leader5_nameTammy Baldwin (WI)
affiliation1_titleAffiliation
affiliation1Democratic Party
seats1_titleSeats
seats1
colorsBlue
positionCenter to center-left
symbol[[File:Democratic Disc.svg100px]]
ideologyLiberalism
websitedemocrats.senate.gov
countrythe United States

The Democratic Caucus of the United States Senate, sometimes referred to as the Democratic Conference or simply Senate Democrats, is the formal organization of all senators who are part of the Democratic Party in the United States Senate. For the makeup of the 119th Congress, the caucus additionally includes two independent senators (Bernie Sanders of Vermont, and Angus King of Maine) who caucus with the Democrats, bringing the current total to 47 members. The central organizational front for Democrats in the Senate, its primary function is communicating the party's message to all of its members under a single banner. The present chair of the Senate Democratic Caucus is Chuck Schumer of New York.

Current leadership

Effective with the start of the 119th Congress, the conference leadership is as follows:

  • Democratic Leader Chuck Schumer
  • Democratic Whip Dick Durbin
  • Chair of Steering and Policy Committee Amy Klobuchar
  • Chair of Strategic Communications Committee Cory Booker
  • Vice Chair of the Caucus Elizabeth Warren
  • Vice Chair of the Caucus Mark Warner
  • Chair of Outreach Bernie Sanders
  • Caucus Secretary Tammy Baldwin
  • Vice Chair of Outreach Catherine Cortez Masto
  • Deputy Caucus Secretary Brian Schatz
  • Deputy Caucus Secretary Chris Murphy
  • Vice Chair of Steering and Policy Committee Jeanne Shaheen
  • Vice Chair of Strategic Communications Committee Tina Smith

History

The conference was formally organized on March 6, 1903, electing a chair to preside over its members and a secretary to keep minutes. Until that time, this caucus was often disorganized, philosophically divided and had neither firm written rules of governance nor a clear mission.

Chairs

Since Oscar Underwood's election in 1920, the chair of the Senate Democratic Caucus has also concurrently served as the floor leader as part of an unwritten tradition.

CongressLeaderStateTook officeLeft officeMajority Leader
43rd[[File:John Stevenson.jpg150px]]John W. Stevenson
(1812–1886)Kentucky
44thRepublican Party (United States)}};"Unknown
45th[[File:William A. Wallace - Brady-Handy.jpg150px]]William A. Wallace
(1827–1896)Pennsylvania
46thDemocratic Party (United States)}};"Unknown
47th[[File:GeorgeHPendleton.png150px]]George H. Pendleton
(1825–1889)Ohio
Independent}};"
48thRepublican Party (United States)}};"Unknown
49th[[File:James B. Beck - Brady-Handy.jpg150px]]James B. Beck
(1822–1890)Kentucky
50thRepublican Party (United States)}};"Unknown
51stRepublican Party (United States)}};"Unknown
51st[[File:Arthur Pue Gorman.jpg150px]]Arthur Pue Gorman
(1839–1906)Maryland
52ndRepublican Party (United States)}};"Unknown
53rdDemocratic Party (United States)}};"Himself 1893–1895
54thRepublican Party (United States)}};"Unknown
55thRepublican Party (United States)}};"Unknown
55th[[File:David Turpie.jpg150px]]David Turpie
(1828–1909)Indiana
56th[[File:James Jones.png150px]]James Kimbrough Jones
(1839–1908)Arkansas
57thRepublican Party (United States)}};"Unknown
58th[[File:Arthur Pue Gorman.jpg150px]]Arthur Pue Gorman
(1839–1906)Maryland
59thRepublican Party (United States)}};"Unknown
[[File:Jblackburn.jpg150px]]Joseph Clay Stiles Blackburn
(1838–1918)Kentucky
60th[[File:Charles Allen Culberson.jpg150px]]Charles Allen Culberson
(1855–1925)Texas
61stRepublican Party (United States)}};"Unknown
[[File:Hernando Money - Brady-Handy.jpg150px]]Hernando Money
(1839–1912)Mississippi
62nd[[File:Thomas Staples Martin.jpg150px]]Thomas S. Martin
(1847–1919)Virginia
63rd[[File:JohnWKern.jpg150px]]John W. Kern
(1849–1917)Indiana
64th
65th[[File:Thomas Staples Martin.jpg150px]]Thomas S. Martin
(1847–1919)Virginia
66thRepublican Party (United States)}};"Lodge 1919–1924
66th[[File:HITCHCOCK, G.M. HONORABLE LCCN2016857525 (cropped).jpg150px]]Gilbert Hitchcock
(1859–1934)Nebraska
66th[[File:Oscar W. Underwood.jpg150px]]Oscar Underwood
(1862–1929)Alabama
67th
68th
68th[[File:Joseph T. Robinson cropped.jpg150px]]Joseph Taylor Robinson
(1872–1937)Arkansas
69th
70th
71stRepublican Party (United States)}};"Watson 1929–1933
72nd
73rdDemocratic Party (United States)}};"Himself 1933–1937
74th
75th
[[File:Alben Barkley, Vice-President.jpg150px]]Alben W. Barkley
(1877–1956)KentuckyDemocratic Party (United States)}};"
76th
77th
78th
79th
80thRepublican Party (United States)}};"White 1947–1949
81st[[File:ScottWikeLucas.jpg150px]]Scott W. Lucas
(1892–1968)Illinois
82nd[[File:Mcfarland ernest.jpg150px]]Ernest McFarland
(1894–1984)Arizona
83rd[[File:Senator Lyndon Johnson.jpg150px]]Lyndon B. Johnson
(1908–1973)Texas
Republican Party (United States)}};"Knowland 1953–1955
84thDemocratic Party (United States)}};"Himself 1955–1961
85th
86th
87th[[File:Mike mansfield cropped.jpg150px]]Mike Mansfield
(1903–2001)Montana
88th
89th
90th
91st
92nd
93rd
94th
95th[[File:Robert Byrd official portrait.jpg150px]]Robert Byrd
(1917–2010)West Virginia
96th
97thRepublican Party (United States)}};"Baker 1981–1985
98th
99thRepublican Party (United States)}};"Dole 1985–1987
100thDemocratic Party (United States)}};"Himself 1987–1989
101st[[File:George Mitchell in Tel Aviv July 26, 2009.jpg150px]]George J. Mitchell
(born 1933)Maine
102nd
103rd
104th[[File:Tom Daschle, official Senate photo.jpg150px]]Tom Daschle
(born 1947)South Dakota
104thRepublican Party (United States)}};"Lott 1996–2001
105th
106th
107thDemocratic Party (United States)}};"Himself 2001
Republican Party (United States)}};"Lott 2001
Democratic Party (United States)}};"Himself 2001–2002
Republican Party (United States)}};"Lott 2002–2003
108thRepublican Party (United States)}};"Frist 2003–2007
109th[[File:Harry Reid official portrait 2009.jpg150px]]Harry Reid
(1939–2021)Nevada
110thDemocratic Party (United States)}};"Himself 2007–2015
111th
112th
113th
114thRepublican Party (United States)}};"McConnell 2015–2021
115th[[File:Chuck Schumer official photo.jpg150px]]Chuck Schumer
(born 1950)New YorkIncumbent
116th
117th
Democratic Party (United States)}};"Himself 2021–2025
118th
119thRepublican Party (United States)}};"Thune 2025–present

Notes

Vice chairs

After the victory of Democrats in the midterm elections of 2006, an overwhelming majority in the conference wanted to reward Chuck Schumer, then the chair of the Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee, with a position in the leadership hierarchy. In response, then-Democratic Leader Harry Reid created the position of vice-chair when Democrats formally took control in 2007. Schumer ascended to Reid's position following his retirement after the 2016 elections. The position was then split, with one co-chair awarded to Mark Warner and the other awarded to Elizabeth Warren.

  • Mark Warner and Elizabeth Warren (2017–present)--
CongressVice Chair(s)StateTerm startTerm end
110thChuck SchumerNew YorkJanuary 3, 2007January 3, 2017
111th
112th
113th
114th
115thElizabeth Warren
&
Mark WarnerMassachusetts
VirginiaJanuary 3, 2017present
116th
117th
118th
119th

Caucus secretary

The United States Senate Democratic Conference secretary, also called the caucus secretary was previously considered the number-three position, behind the party's floor leader and the party's whip, until in 2006, when Democratic leader Harry Reid created the new position of Vice-Chairman of the caucus. Now, the secretary is the fourth-highest ranking position. The conference secretary is responsible for taking notes and aiding the party leadership when senators of the party meet or caucus together.

The first conference secretary was Sen. Edward W. Carmack of Tennessee, who was elected in March 1903.

The current conference secretary is Sen. Tammy Baldwin of Wisconsin, who assumed the office in January 2017.

CongressSecretaryStateTerm startTerm end
58thEdward W. CarmackTennesseeMarch 6, 1903March 3, 1907
59th
60thRobert OwenOklahomaDecember 3, 1907March 4, 1911
61st
62ndWilliam E. ChiltonVirginiaMarch 4, 1911March 4, 1913
63rdWillard Saulsbury Jr.DelawareMarch 4, 1913March 3, 1915
64thWillard Saulsbury Jr.DelawareMarch 3, 1915December 14, 1916
Acting}})NevadaDecember 14, 1916March 3, 1917
65thWilliam H. KingUtahMarch 4, 1917March 3, 1927
66th
67th
68th
69th
70thHugo BlackAlabamaMarch 4, 1927January 3, 1937
71st
72nd
73rd
74th
75thJoshua B. LeeOklahomaJanuary 3, 1937January 3, 1943
76th
77th
78thFrancis T. MaloneyConnecticutJanuary 3, 1943January 3, 1945
79thBrien McMahonConnecticutJanuary 3, 1945July 28, 1952
80th
81st
82nd
83rdThomas HenningsMissouriJanuary 3, 1953January 3, 1959
84th
85th
86thThomas HenningsMissouriJanuary 3, 1959September 13, 1960
George SmathersFloridaSeptember 3, 1960January 3, 1961
87thGeorge SmathersFloridaJanuary 3, 1961January 3, 1967
88th
89th
90thRobert ByrdWest VirginiaJanuary 3, 1967January 3, 1971
91st
92ndTed MossUtahJanuary 3, 1971January 3, 1977
93rd
94th
95thDaniel InouyeHawaiiJanuary 3, 1977January 3, 1989
96th
97th
98th
99th
100th
101stDavid PryorArkansasJanuary 3, 1989January 3, 1995
102nd
103rd
104thBarbara MikulskiMarylandJanuary 3, 1995January 3, 2005
105th
106th
107th
108th
109thDebbie StabenowMichiganJanuary 3, 2005January 3, 2007
110thPatty MurrayWashingtonJanuary 3, 2007January 3, 2017
111th
112th
113th
114th
115thTammy BaldwinWisconsinJanuary 3, 2017*Incumbent*
116th
117th
118th
119th

Deputy caucus secretary

On December 8, 2022, Sen. Brian Schatz of Hawaii was elected to the newly created position of deputy caucus secretary, assuming the office at the beginning of the 118th Congress on January 3, 2023. This was an elevation from his previous leadership role as Senate Democratic chief deputy whip. On January 3, 2025, Chris Murphy was also appointed to this position.

Notes

References

Bibliography

  • Donald A. Ritchie (ed) (1999). Minutes of the Senate Democratic Conference: Fifty-eighth through Eighty-eighth Congress, 1903-1964. Washington, D.C. GPO. Available online in PDF or text format.

References

  1. "U.S. Senate: Leadership & Officers".
  2. (2024-12-04). "Durbin Announces Senate Democratic Whip Operations For 119th Congress".
  3. "Rules for the Democratic Conference".
  4. (January 20, 2021). "Schumer becomes new Senate majority leader". The Hill.
  5. "Conference Secretaries".
  6. "Senate Democratic Caucus Organized".
  7. "Schumer reelected as Senate majority leader".
  8. Hagen, Lisa. (2024-12-03). "Chris Murphy to join Senate leadership ranks in next Congress".
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