Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside

Extraction

Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside can be isolated from de-fatted (hexane extraction) flaxseed by extraction of the lignan polymer precursor with a water/acetone mixture, followed by acetone removal and alkaline hydrolysis.

Studies on biological effects

Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside slows the growth of human breast cancer in mice.

Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside may be manipulated by different CYP enzymes in Eukaryotes. Due to its inherent size of 687Da, it will not pass the Blood–Brain Barrier (which is somewhat limited to molecules smaller than 500Da). For example, in one Histology group of adult patients with malignant glioma (Grade IV), consuming Secoisolariciresinol, resulted in 'poorer' survival outcomes, while the Grade III patients resulted in more positive outcomes (SDG with vitamin E).

In rabbits, SDG reduced hypercholesterolemic atherosclerosis and this effect was associated with a decrease in serum cholesterol, LDL-C, and lipid peroxidation product and an increase in HDL-C and antioxidant reserve.

SDG has been shown to counter oxidative stress in human colonic epithelial tissue and protect against mtDNA damage in vitro, by H2O2 exposure, in a dose-dependent manner, and counters (in-vitro) oxidative stress on heart cells caused by Iron overload.

References

References

1. Adolphe, J. L., Whiting, S. J., Juurlink, B. H. J., Thorpe, L. U., & Alcorn, J.. (2010). "Health effects with consumption of the flax lignan secoisolariciresinol diglucoside". The British Journal of Nutrition.
2. C. Strandås, A. Kamal-Eldin, R. Andersson and P. Åman. (2008). "Phenolic glucosides in bread containing flaxseed". Food Chemistry.
3. (1991). "Mammalian lignan production from various foods". Nutrition and Cancer.
4. "Process for recovering secoisolariciresinol diglycoside from de-fatted flaxseed".
5. Chen. (2009). "Flaxseed and Pure Secoisolariciresinol Diglucoside, but Not Flaxseed Hull, Reduce Human Breast Tumor Growth (MCF-7) in Athymic Mice". The Journal of Nutrition.
6. (2010). "Daily intake of antioxidants in relation to survival among adult patients diagnosed with malignant glioma". BMC Cancer.
7. (1999). "Reduction of Serum Cholesterol and Hypercholesterolemic Atherosclerosis in Rabbits by Secoisolariciresinol Diglucoside Isolated from Flaxseed". Circulation.
8. (2015). "Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside abrogates oxidative stress-induced damage in cardiac iron overload condition". PLOS ONE.