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Scenella

Genus of molluscs (fossil)

Helcionellinae Wenz, 1938
Hampilinae Kobayashi, 1958
Securiconidae Missarzhevsky, 1989

Scenella is an extinct genus of fossil invertebrate animal which is generally considered to be a mollusc; at various times it has been suggested that this genus belongs with the gastropods, the monoplacophorans, or the helcionellids, although no firm association with any of these classes has been established. An affinity with the hydrozoa (as a flotation device) has been considered, A gastropod affinity is defended on the basis of six pairs of internal muscle scars, whilst the serially-repeated nature of these scars suggests to other authors a monoplacophoran affinity.

Description

The shell of Scenella is elongated along its anterior-posterior axis, and comprises concentric rings around a conical central peak. Radial and concentric corrugations exist in some species. Some specimens are preserved as organic films, others appear to have been infilled with calcite. They are usually preserved point-upwards, with their long axes consistently oriented; this probably represents their most stable position under their depositional current. Soft parts have never been reported in association with Scenella, suggesting that the preserved fragments separated quickly from the associated tissue prior to burial.

Fossil occurrence

Scenella lived from the Cambrian to the Ordovician. Its remains have been found in Antarctica, Asia, Europe, and North America. Individual fossils are common throughout the Burgess Shale, where they often occur in dense aggregations.{{cite journal

Taxonomy

Scenella is the only genus in the family Scenellidae. This family has no subfamilies and Scenella is the type genus of the family Scenellidae.

The taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005 categorizes Scenellidae in the superfamilia Scenelloidea within the Paleozoic molluscs of uncertain systematic position.

Species

Species in the genus Scenella include:

Species	Authority	Range
Scenella affinis	Ulrich and Schfield, 1897
Scenella amii	(Matthew, 1902) Babcock and Robinson 1988	Burgess Shale (Mid Cambrian, )
Scenella anomala	(Billings, 1865) Wagner 2008
Scenella augusta	(Billings, 1865) Wagner 2008
Scenella barrandei	(Linnarsson, 1879) (Bergerg-Madsen and Peel, 1986){{Cite journal	vauthors = BERGERG-MADSEN V, PEEL JS
Scenella beloitensis	Ulrich and Scofield (1897)
Scenella clotho	Walcott, 1936
Scenella compressa	Ulrich and Scofield (1897)
Scenella conica	Whiteaves, 1884
Scenella conula	(Walcott, 1884)
Scenella conicum	(Whitfield, 1886) Ulrich and Scofield (1897)
Scenella hujingtanensis	Yu, 1979
Scenella magnifica	Ulrich and Scofield (1897)
S.? mira	Vasil’yeva, 1994
Scenella montrealensis	Billings (1865)
Scenella obtusa	(Sardeson, 1892) Ulrich and Scofield (1897)
Scenella orithyia	(Billings, 1865) Ulrich and Scofield (1897)
Scenella pretensa	Raymond, 1905
Scenella radialis	Ulrich and Scofield (1897)
Scenella radians	Babcock & Robinson
Scenella radiata	Yu, 1979
Scenella reticulata	(Billings, 1872) (type)
Scenella retusa	(Ford, 1873)
Scenella unicarinata	(Kobayashi, 1934) Wagner 2008
Scenella varians	Walcott 1908
Scenella venillia	(Billings, 1865) Wagner 2008
Scenella tenuistriata	Chapman, 1911	Mid Cambrian

References

[[Samuel Almon Miller. Miller S. A.]] (after October 1889). North American geology and palaeontology: 389.
3-925919-72-4. ISSN 0076-2997. 397 pp.
(February 2019). "Reevaluation of the systematic position of Scenella". Lethaia.
Landing. (1992). "''Scenella'' and "A Chondrophorine (Medusoid Hydrozoan) from the Basal Cambrian (Placentian) of Newfoundland"". Journal of Paleontology.
Rasetti. (1954). "Internal Shell Structures in the Middle Cambrian Gastropod Scenella and the Problematic Genus Stenothecoides". Journal of Paleontology.
[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=7864 ''Scenella'']. [[Paleobiology Database]], accessed 16 August 2009.
Billings. (1872). "On some fossils from the primordial rocks of Newfoundland". Nat. Can..
Ford. (1873). "On some new species of fossils from the Primordial or Potsdam group of Rensselaer County, New York (lower Potsdam)". American Journal of Science.
[[Frederick Chapman (palaeontologist). Chapman F.]] (1911). "New or Little Known Victorian Fossils in the National Museum". ''Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria'', Melbourne [https://archive.org/details/proceedingsofroy23roya '''23''']: [https://archive.org/stream/proceedingsofroy23roya#page/n427/mode/2up 305]-324. plate 58-61.; ''Scenella tenuistriata'' at [https://archive.org/stream/proceedingsofroy23roya#page/312/mode/2up 313]-314, [https://archive.org/stream/proceedingsofroy23roya#page/n450/mode/1up plate LIX.] figure 18 a,b.

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burgess-shale-fossils scenellidae prehistoric-mollusc-genera cambrian-invertebrates ordovician-invertebrates extinct-animals-of-antarctica paleozoic-animals-of-asia prehistoric-animals-of-europe paleozoic-animals-of-north-america cambrian-series-2-first-appearances late-ordovician-extinctions paleozoic-life-of-ontario paleozoic-life-of-newfoundland-and-labrador paleozoic-life-of-quebec taxa-named-by-elkanah-billings

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