Saint-Gaudens, Haute-Garonne

History

Saint-Gaudens has been inhabited since ancient times (traces of the Iron Age and of Roman occupation) and was originally called Mas-Saint-Pierre, before taking the name of the young shepherd, Gaudens, martyred by the Visigoths at the end of the 5th century for refusing to renounce his faith.

The town later developed around the 11th century Romanesque church. It was granted its city charter in 1202 and became the capital of the Nébouzan area, protected by solid ramparts. As an important regional marketplace, Saint-Gaudens became the economic capital of the Comminges.

The town was damaged by Protestant forces under Montgomery in 1569, and became the seat of the Nébouzan Assembly after coming under the control of the French crown in 1607. The name was changed briefly to "Mont-Unité" during the Revolution and the area later became part of the Haute-Garonne department. In 1974 it absorbed the former commune Lieoux, which was re-established as a separate commune in 2008.

Population

|graph-pos = bottom |1793 |4000 |1800 |4155 |1806 |5054 |1821 |5428 |1831 |6179 |1836 |6020 |1841 |5459 |1846 |5056 |1851 |4692 |1856 |4905 |1861 |4975 |1866 |5166 |1872 |5669 |1876 |5955 |1881 |6312 |1886 |6602 |1891 |7007 |1896 |6651 |1901 |7277 |1906 |7120 |1911 |7127 |1921 |6429 |1926 |6516 |1931 |6392 |1936 |6385 |1946 |7944 |1954 |8023 |1962 |10581 |1968 |11682 |1975 |12148 |1982 |11644 |1990 |11266 |1999 |10845 |2007 |11152 |2012 |11199 |2017 |11517

Sights

The Collegiate Church of St. Peter and St. Gaudens, with its cloister and chapter house, this was one of the most important religious buildings in the Comminges. It was home to a college of canons ordinary, a community founded by Bishop Bertrand. The 11th century romanesque church, built on the typical Pyrenean plan as a basilica with a nave and two aisles, stands on the site of an earlier construction. It was extended in the 12th and 13th centuries with the construction of the cloister and chapter house. The lateral north door was added in the 16th century.

Several tall buildings are reminders of the city's medieval period, with plain façades to which balconies were added at the end of the 19th century. Other buildings, including some town houses, date back to the 18th century, and are decorated with stone carvings. Some buildings have façades with pediments, friezes and cornices, mouldings, and gabled dormer windows. On Boulevard Bepmale the façades that face the Sun, with a view of the Pyrenees, have balconies and galleries up to their very top floors.

Sport

St Gaudens has a Rugby League (Rugby XIII) team playing in the French Championship, the Saint-Gaudens Bears.

St Gaudens also hosts a popular rugby union team (Rugby XV) SSGL (Stade Saint-Gaudinois Luchonnais XV).

The Open International Féminin Midi-Pyrénées Saint-Gaudens Comminges, an ITF Women's Circuit tennis tournament, is held in Saint-Gaudens.

The 2014 Tour de France cycle race began stage 17 in Saint Gaudens, with a 124.5 km route to Saint-Lary.

International relations

Saint-Gaudens is twinned with:

• France Avranches, France
• Spain Barbastro, Spain
• Spain Vielha e Mijaran, Spain

Notable people

• Christophe Avezac (born 1977), footballer
• Yves Giraud-Cabantous (1904–1973), racing driver
• Maelle Millet (born 2004), rhythmic gymnast

Climate

|Jan record high C = 22.8 |Feb record high C = 24.4 |Mar record high C = 26.5 |Apr record high C = 29.0 |May record high C = 31.4 |Jun record high C = 37.3 |Jul record high C = 39.3 |Aug record high C = 39.4 |Sep record high C = 34.6 |Oct record high C = 31.7 |Nov record high C = 26.1 |Dec record high C = 23.4 |Jan record low C = -12.3 |Feb record low C = -11.6 |Mar record low C = -9.5 |Apr record low C = -3.5 |May record low C = -0.9 |Jun record low C = 1.7 |Jul record low C = 6.0 |Aug record low C = 4.8 |Sep record low C = 1.3 |Oct record low C = -3.6 |Nov record low C = -8.8 |Dec record low C = -12.5 | access-date = August 21, 2022}}}}

References

References

1. (2 December 2020). "Répertoire national des élus: les maires".
2. [https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/jo/id/JORFCONT000000021467 Modifications aux circonscriptions administratives territoriales (fusion de communes)], ''[[Journal officiel de la République française]]'' n° 0153, 30 June 1974, p. 6900.
3. [https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/eli/arrete/2008/2/1/IOCB0803808A/jo/texte Arrêté du 1er février 2008 portant modification aux circonscriptions administratives territoriales], ''Légifrance]''.
4. {{Cassini-Ehess. 31835. Saint-Gaudens
5. [https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4515315?geo=COM-31483#ancre-POP_T1 Population en historique depuis 1968], INSEE