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Ruminococcus

Genus of bacteria

Gram staining of the Intestinimonas massiliensis strain GD2T

Ruminococcus is a genus of bacteria in the class Clostridia. They are anaerobic, Gram-positive gut microbes. One or more species in this genus are found in significant numbers in the human gut microbiota. The type species is R. flavefaciens. As usual, bacteria taxonomy is in flux, with Clostridia being paraphyletic, and some erroneous members of Ruminococcus being reassigned to a new genus Blautia on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequences.

One of the most highly cited papers involving the genus Ruminococcus is a paper describing interspecies hydrogen transfer between Ruminococcus albus and Wolinella succinogenes.

In 1972, Ruminococcus bromii was reportedly found in the human gut, which was the first of several species discovered. They may play a role in plant cell wall breakdown in the colon.

One study found that R. albus, R. callidus, and R. bromii are less abundant in people with inflammatory bowel disease. Ruminococcus are also less abundant in patients with Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. R. gnavus is associated with Crohn's disease.

Phylogeny

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)

120 marker proteins based GTDB 09-RS220

References

"Ruminococcus".
(August 2008). "Reclassification of Clostridium coccoides, Ruminococcus hansenii, Ruminococcus hydrogenotrophicus, Ruminococcus luti, Ruminococcus productus and Ruminococcus schinkii as Blautia coccoides gen. nov., comb. nov., Blautia hansenii comb. nov., Blautia hydrogenotrophica comb. nov., Blautia luti comb. nov., Blautia producta comb. nov., Blautia schinkii comb. nov. and description of Blautia wexlerae sp. nov., isolated from human faeces". Society for General Microbiology.
(June 1973). "Glucose fermentation products in Ruminococcus albus grown in continuous culture with Vibrio succinogenes: changes caused by interspecies transfer of H 2". Journal of Bacteriology.
(September 2014). "The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota". FEMS Microbiology Reviews.
(2012). "Ruminococcus bromii is a keystone species for the degradation of resistant starch in the human colon". The ISME Journal.
(February 2017). "Host-microbial Cross-talk in Inflammatory Bowel Disease". Immune Network.
(May 2017). "Parkinson's disease and Parkinson's disease medications have distinct signatures of the gut microbiome.". Movement Disorders.
(Jan 2018). "The fecal microbiome of ALS patients.". Neurobiol Aging.
(Sep 2017). "Gut inflammation and dysbiosis in human motor neuron disease.". Physiol Rep.
(2019-06-25). "Ruminococcus gnavus, a member of the human gut microbiome associated with Crohn's disease, produces an inflammatory polysaccharide". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
(August 2023). "Microbe Profile: Ruminococcus gnavus: the yin and yang of human gut symbionts". Microbiology.
A.C. Parte. "Ruminococcus". [[List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]] (LPSN).
"GTDB release 09-RS220".
"bac120_r220.sp_labels".
"Taxon History".

Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

eubacteriales gut-flora-bacteria bacteria-genera

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