Rolls-Royce Trent 800

Development

By 1990, as Boeing was studying the enlarged 767-X, Rolls-Royce was proposing its Trent engine with a larger 110 in fan driven by a new, bigger LP turbine, a modified IP compressor and no exhaust mixer.

Certification was applied for on 2 April 1992. Certification was granted by the EASA on 27 January 1995. The Trent 800 entered service on the Boeing 777 in 1996,

After being rebuffed by British Airways who selected the GE90 for their initial batch of Boeing 777s, Rolls-Royce launched the Trent 800 in September 1991 with a £250 million ($432.5 million) order from Thai Airways for their 15 Boeing 777s, with first deliveries for January 1996. In 1995, the Trent 800 won a large order from Singapore Airlines, a traditional Pratt & Whitney customer. The Singapore order was followed by large orders from American Airlines and Delta Air Lines. British Airways announced in September 1998 that it was returning to Rolls-Royce for its second batch of 777s, and did so again in April 2007. By July 1999, Rolls had won 45% of all engine orders for the 777. The Trent 800 later reached a 40% share of the engine market on the 777 variants for which it is available. The last Trent 800-powered 777 was delivered in 2010.

Rolls-Royce had unsuccessfully offered the Trent 8104 for the second-generation 777 (originally 777-X, eventually produced for the -300ER, -200LR, 777-200LRF and 777F). However Boeing selected GE Aviation as the exclusive engine supplier for the second-generation 777 with high-output derivatives of the General Electric GE90, and again for the third-generation Boeing 777X (-8, -9) which will be equipped by the General Electric GE9X.

As of 2014, Rolls-Royce is offering an upgraded version of the engine, known as the Trent 800EP. It incorporates technology from Trent 1000 and Trent XWB engines including elliptical leading edges on intermediate- and high-pressure compressor blades. Rolls-Royce claims that it provides a 0.7% fuel-burn benefit.

Design

The Trent 800 is an axial flow, high bypass turbofan with three coaxial shafts. The fan is driven by a 5-stage axial LP turbine (3300 rpm), the 8-stage IP compressor (7000 rpm) and the 6-stage HP compressor (10611 rpm) are each powered by a single stage turbine. It has an annular combustor with 24 fuel nozzles and is controlled by an EEC. The engine has a 6.4:1 bypass ratio in cruise and an overall pressure ratio of 33.9 to 40.7:1 at sea level, for a 340.6 – take-off thrust. The 280 cm fan has 26 diffusion bonded, wide chord titanium fan blades.

The Trent 800 is the lightest Boeing 777 engine, with a 8000 lb weight saving over the GE90 and 5,400-6,500 lb over the PW4000. and the PW4000 is 16,260 lb.

Japanese Kawasaki Heavy Industries (KHI) and Marubeni Corporation are risk and revenue sharing partners on the Trent 800.

Incidents

On 17 January 2008, a British Airways Boeing 777-236ER, operating as British Airways Flight 38 (BA038) from Beijing to London, crash-landed at Heathrow after both Trent 800 engines lost power during the aircraft's final approach. The subsequent investigation found that ice released from the fuel system had accumulated on the fuel-oil heat exchanger, leading to a restriction of fuel flow to the engines. On 26 November 2008, Delta Air Lines Flight 18 from Shanghai to Atlanta, a Trent 895-powered Boeing 777, experienced an "uncommanded rollback" of one engine while in cruise at 39,000 ft. The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) concluded the cause of both incidents was the same - ice clogging the inlet side of the fuel-oil heat exchanger (FOHE) of the affected engines.

These incidents, along with a similar incident in May 2009 involving an Airbus A330 with Rolls Royce Trent-700 engines, resulted in Airworthiness Directives mandating the replacement of the fuel-oil heat exchangers in similar Rolls Royce Trent series engines. Rolls-Royce developed a modification to prevent the problem recurring that involved replacing a face plate that had many small protruding tubes with one that is flat.

Variants

• RB211 Trent 875-17 (Trent 875-17): Certified 27 January 1995, pressure ratio of 33.9, takeoff thrust of 76,580 lbf.
• RB211 Trent 877-17 (Trent 877-17): Certified 27 January 1995, pressure ratio of 34.7, takeoff thrust of 78,910 lbf.
• RB211 Trent 884-17 (Trent 884-17): Certified 27 January 1995, pressure ratio of 37.5, takeoff thrust of 85,430 lbf.
• RB211 Trent 884B-17 (Trent 884B-17): Certified 26 November 1999, pressure ratio of 37.5, takeoff thrust of 85,430 lbf.
• RB211 Trent 892-17 (Trent 892-17): Certified 13 November 1996, pressure ratio of 39.6, takeoff thrust of 91,450 lbf.
• RB211 Trent 892B-17 (Trent 892B-17): Certified 16 April 1997, pressure ratio of 39.6, takeoff thrust of 91,450 lbf.
• RB211 Trent 895-17 (Trent 895-17): Certified 22 June 1999, pressure ratio of 40.7, takeoff thrust of 92,940 lbf.

Engines on display

• A Trent 800 is on display at the Rolls-Royce Heritage Trust Collection, Derby
• A Trent 800 is on display at the Imperial War Museum Duxford, in the first hall

Specifications (Trent 800)

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References

References

1. (16 April 1990). "Rolls-Royce to Enlarge Trent Engine Fan For 767-X But Retain Much Commonality".
2. (14 September 1992). "Rolls ties global strategy to trent engine family".
3. (21 February 2019). "Type-Certificate Data Sheet No. E.047". EASA.
4. Norris, Guy. (3 June 1998). "Rolls-Royce completes Trent 8104 design and waits for 777-X". Flightglobal.
5. (16 September 1991). "Rolls-Royce Launches Trent 800 Engine With Order to Equip Thai Airways 777s".
6. Norris, Guy. (11 September 1996). "A coming of age".
7. Harrison, Michael. (8 July 1999). "Blow to Rolls as Boeing picks US rival". [[The Independent]].
8. "Rolls-Royce Trent 800". Rolls-Royce.
9. Broderick, Sean. (29 September 2017). "Trent 800 Aftermarket To Waver Slightly Through 2021". MRO network.
10. Dubois, Thierry. (15 July 2014). "Rolls-Royce Upgrades In-service Trent Engines". AINonline.
11. (23 June 2016). "Type Certificate Data Sheet E00049EN". FAA.
12. (23 January 2012). "TCDS E46NE". FAA.
13. (2006). "Powerful partner in Japan". Rolls-Royce.
14. (12 March 2009). "Rolls-Royce to modify Trent as tests replicate BA 777 icing". [[Flight International]].
15. Rosenker, Mark V.. (11 March 2009). "NTSB Safety Recommendation Number A-09-19-20". U.S. [[NTSB]].
16. "Airworthiness Directives; Rolls-Royce plc RB211-Trent 500, 700, and 800 Series Turbofan Engines".
17. (12 March 2009). "Rolls-Royce: Trent 800 fix only part of broader icing issue". [[Flight International]].
18. Kaminsky-Morrow, David. (9 February 2010). "Rolls-Royce: Trent modification will 'eliminate' fuel-ice risk". FlightGlobal.
19. (13 February 2001). "Aero-engines—Rolls-Royce Trent". [[Jane's Information Group.