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Residential community

Community composed mostly of residents

Summary

Community composed mostly of residents

Field	Value
t	社區	s=社区	p=shèqū
mong		monr=ꭓoriyalal	mon=хороолол
uig	مەھەللە	uly=mehelle
lang1	kk	lang1_content=الەۋمەتتىك اۋماعىәлеуметтің аумағыkk
lang2	ky	lang2_content=قوومدۇق قونۇشۇкоомдук конушуky

A **residential community ** is a community, usually a small town or city, that is composed mostly of residents, as opposed to commercial businesses and/or industrial facilities, all three of which are considered to be the three main types of occupants of the typical community.

Residential communities are typically communities that help support more commercial or industrial communities with consumers and workers. That phenomenon is probably because some people prefer not to live in an urban or industrial area, but rather a suburban or rural setting. For that reason, they are also called dormitory towns, bedroom communities, or commuter towns.

An example of residential community would include a small town or city outside a larger city or a large town located near a smaller but more commercially- or industrially-centered town or city, for instance Taitou in Gaocun, Wuqing, and Tianjin, China.

China

In the People's Republic of China, a community (), also called residential unit or residential quarter () or neighbourhood () or residential community (), is an urban residential area and its residents administrated by a subdistrict (). Communities are generally organized around a territory consisting of 100 to 700 households.

History

The reform that created residential communities as local government in their current form was called shèqū (社区). Originally, these organizations consisted of participating citizens and chiefs, the latter ones being installed by the central governance. Shequ represented an attempt to restructure the relationship between state and urban community in China.

The social anthropologist Fei Xiaotong is considered the first to have proposed the introduction of the idea of shequ in China. The introduction of shequ started after the collapse of the previously existing social institutions (danwei) during the mid-1990s. Shequ were supposed to relieve the state of certain duties and responsibilities by transferring them to citizens participating in the shequ. They take over responsibilities which in democratic states are assumed by organisations of the civil community.

Local government

Each community has a community committee, neighborhood committee or residents' committee (). The creation, adjustment or dissolution of a community committee is decided by the subdistrict government. A community committee is directly elected and consists of 5 to 9 members; it is responsible to the residents assembly, which consists of all residents in the community who are at or above the age of 18.

References

A Dictionary of Current Chinese (Seventh Edition)]].. (1 September 2016). [[The Commercial Press]].. zh-hans. 【社区】 shèqū 名{...}2我国城镇按地理位置划分的居民区
(May 2014). 外语教学与研究出版社. Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.. zh-hans. 【社区】 shèqū 名{...}在我国特指城市街道办事处或居民委员会活动范围内的地区。
"Organic Law of the Urban Residents Committees of the People's Republic of China".
Heberer, Thomas/Schubert, Gunter: Politische Partizipation und Regimelegitimität in China. Band I: Der Urbane Raum, Wiesbaden: VSVerlag 2008, pp 15-24,47-70,189-203.
Heberer, Thomas/Derichs, Claudia: Einführung in die politischen Systeme Ostasiens. VR China, Hongkong, Japana, Nordkorea, Südkorea, Taiwan (2): VSVerlag 2008, pp119-144.

Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

society-of-china human-habitats types-of-communities types-of-administrative-division villages-in-china communities-of-china

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