Ragnar Granit

Early life and education

Ragnar Arthur Granit was born on 30 October 1900 in Riihimäki, Finland, at the time part of the Russian Empire, into a Swedish-speaking Finnish family. Granit was raised in Oulunkylä, a suburb of the Finnish capital of Helsinki, and attended the Svenska normallyceum in Helsinki.

Granit graduated from the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Helsinki in 1927.

Career and research

In 1940, when Finland became the target of a massive Soviet attack during the Winter War, Granit sought refuge – and peaceful surroundings for his studies and research work – in Stockholm, the capital of neighbouring Sweden, at the age of 40. In 1941, Granit received Swedish citizenship, which made it possible for him to live and continue with his work without having to worry about the Continuation War, which lasted in Finland until 1944. Granit was proud of his Finland-Swedish roots and remained a patriotic Finland-Swede throughout his life, maintaining homes in both Finland and Sweden after the Moscow Armistice ended the Continuation War and secured Finnish independence.

Granit was professor of neurophysiology at the Karolinska Institute from 1946 to his retirement in 1967.

Awards and honors

Granit was elected an International Member of the American Philosophical Society in 1954. In 1960, Granit was elected a Foreign Member of the Royal Society (ForMemRS).

In 1967 he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He was elected an International Member of the United States National Academy of Sciences the following year. In 1971, he was elected an International Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

Death

Granit died on 12 March 1991 in Stockholm at the age of 90. Granit and his wife Marguerite, who died the same year, were buried in a church cemetery on the Finnish island of Korpo.

References

References

1. (1995). "Ragnar Granit. 30 October 1900-11 March 1991". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society.
2. {{BLF. 5660. Ragnar Granit
3. (1999). "The Nobel Chronicles". [[The Lancet]].
4. (1967). "Nobel Prize: Three Named for Medicine, Physiology Award". Science.
5. (1985). "Haldan Keffer Hartline. 22 December 1903-18 March 1983". [[Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society]].
6. (2000). "Ragnar Granit 100 Years – Memories and Reflections". [[Journal of the History of the Neurosciences]].
7. (1991-03-12). "Ragnar Granit - Biographical".
8. (2012-03-28). "Ragnar Granit Seura - Ragnar Granit Sällskapet".
9. "APS Member History".
10. Granit said that he was a "fifty-fifty" Finnish and Swedish Nobel laureate.[http://www.kansallisbiografia.fi/english/?id=5660 Ragnar Granit] in the ''[[National Biography of Finland]]'': "There have since been occasional arguments about how many of the observations that led to the Nobel Prize were made only after Granit arrived in Sweden and about whether he is 'a Finnish or a Swedish Nobel laureate'. Granit commented diplomatically on the matter by saying "fifty-fifty". When he received his Nobel Prize, Granit was indeed a Swede by citizenship; but a significant amount of his experimental work had been done in Oxford and Helsinki, and even in Stockholm his colleagues were still mostly Finns."
11. "Ragnar Granit".
12. "Ragnar Arthur Granit".