Qawmi madrasa

History

Qawmi educational practices originate from the traditional Muslim educational system of Bangladesh. During the British colonial period, these types of madrasahs were called "Khariji," or outside of government. Later, the term "Qawmi" emerged from the word "qom" (meaning "the public")—stemming from the fact that Qawmi madrasahs reject state funding and instead rely on donations from the public.

After 1971, some Qawmi madrasahs began to modernize their teaching, such as by switching the language of instruction from Urdu to Bengali and adding some English language and mathematics lessons. In 1978, a government body called the "Non-government Education Board" was established in an attempt to co-ordinate these madrasahs, of which 2,043 registered with that board by 1998.

The later part of the 20th century saw a major largely unregulated growth in the whole madrasah sector, which expanded from roughly 4,100 schools in 1986 to potentially as many as 64,000 schools by 2005.

The Befaqul Mudarressin of Bangladesh Qawmi Madrasah Education Board was formed in 2004.

Qawmi education systems

There are two major Qawmi educational systems: those that use the old Dars-i-Nizami curriculum and those that have a modified Nizami curriculum (such as by including the English language and the subject of mathematics).

The Dars-i-Nizami system originated from early eighteenth century India. There is some controversy regarding movements to "reform" the system, with some calling the move "an 'anti-Islamic' conspiracy, alleging that these are a means to secularise madrasas and rob them of their Islamic identity"—though reformers generally contest that they do not want secularization and that they are not a conspiracy.

In general, Qawmi primary education lasts six years, though it does not differentiate students by progressive grade levels. While the Qawmi primary level covers all subjects found in other madrasah systems, there is no specific time-sequence or order by which subjects are taught, as would be expected in grade-based systems. Thus, imposing class-graduated terminology on the Qawmi system may not be meaningful.

Befaqul Mudarressin of Bangladesh Qawmi Madrasah Education Board

In 2004, many Qawmi madrasahs began organizing together under an umbrella organization called the Befaqul Mudarressin (also transliterated as Wafaq ul Madaris) of Bangladesh Qawmi Madrasah Education Board, based in Dhaka, including seven smaller private Madrasah education boards. It is an extension of the process that formed the Wafaq ul Madaris Al-Arabia, Pakistan in 1957.

The board was founded to assure a standardized curriculum and to provide a centralized examination. Membership with the board is voluntary, though required for degree accreditation by the Befaqul Mudarressin.

It is organized under a three-tiered representative system led an executive body. The second tier committee comprises senior madrasahs, followed a third tier of ordinary member schools.

Statistics

As of 2008, the board oversees almost 9000 madrasahs at the following levels:

Qawmi schools

The following are some of the notable Qawmi madrasahs in Bangladesh:

• Islamic Online Madrasah (IOM) — is the largest online madrasah in the Asia
• [[File:Gawhardanga Madrasa.webp|thumb]]Befaqul Madarisil Qawmia Gawhardanga Bangladesh — is the Board Of Qawmi
• Al-Jamiatul Arabia Kachemul Uloom Kazirhat Hifz Madrasah and Orphanage - also known as "Kazirhat Madrasah"
• Al-Jamiatul Ahlia Darul Ulum Moinul Islam — also known as "Hathazari Madrasah"
• Jamia Islamia Yunusia, Brahmanbaria
• Jamia sharyah seirajul ulum and nur shishosadan, Brahmanbaria
• Jamia Madania Angura Muhammedpur (Jamia Angura), Beanibazar, Sylhet - Also known as Banglar Deobond.
• Jamia Tawakkulia Renga Madrasah in Sylhet
• Jamiatul Uloom Al-Islamia Lalkhan Bazar — also known as "Lalkhan Bazar Madrasah"
• Jamia Qurania Arabia Lalbagh
• Jamia Millia Madania Arabia Mirpur Azma Mohila Madrasa - "Center of Girls Madrasa"
• Al-Jamiah Al-Islamiah Patiya
• Al-Jamiatul Arabia Lil Banina Wal Banat — also known as "Haildhar Madrasah"
• Madrasa Management Software for Full Web Base Qawmi Academy Management Software by GreenBangla21

Footnotes

• Bano (2008) seems to somewhat misquote Ahmed (2005), which is cited just before this note.
• While two sources cited say there are about 4000 Qawmi madrasas, my editorial judgement based upon research is that the 4000 school figure is far too conservative; moreover, the 15,000 madrasah figure is 4 years newer.

References

References

1. Riaz, Ali. (2008). "Faithful Education: Madrassahs in South Asia". [[Rutgers University Press]].
2. Hasan, Zeeshan. ''[http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=72723 Market solutions for Qawmi madrasas]''.
3. "Recognizing Qaumi Madrasas in Bangladesh: Boon or a Bane?".
4. "Qawmi Madrasa Dawrae Hadith gets recognition".
5. Sikand, Yoginder ''[http://www.dailymuslims.com/Education/Madrasah/614.html Maulana Tariq Rashid Firangi Mahali on Dars-e Nizami and Madrasa Reform in South Asia] {{webarchive. link. (6 January 2009 '')
6. Ahmad, Mumtaz. ''[http://www.globalwebpost.com/farooqm/study_res/bangladesh/mumtaz_madrassah.pdf Madrassa Education in Pakistan and Bangladesh] {{webarchive. link. (11 July 2011 .'' Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies: Honolulu. 2005.)
7. Mohammad Niaz Asadullah, Nazmul Chaudhury, and Syed Rashed Al-Zayed Josh. ''[http://siteresources.worldbank.org/EXTDEVDIALOGUE/Resources/BangladeshMadrasaReportFinal.pdf Secondary School Madrasas in Bangladesh]''. The World Bank. Draft: 15 March 2009.
8. Abdalla, Amr, et al. ''{{usurped
9. "[http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=82099 Qawmi madrasas under watch]." ''The Daily Star.'' Tuesday, 31 March 2009
10. Ahmed, Samina. ''[http://www.crisisgroup.org/en/publication-type/speeches/2005/testimony-of-samina-ahmed-to-us-senate-foreign-relations-committee.aspx Testimony of Samina Ahmed to U.S. Senate Foreign Relations Committee] {{webarchive. link. (3 March 2011 ''. 19 April 2005.)
11. Ellis, Tiffany. [http://www.ipcs.org/pdf_file/issue/656053960IPCS-SpecialReport47-Tiffany.pdf Madrasas in Bangladesh] IPCS SPECIAL REPORT. No 47. August 2007.
12. Bano, Masooda. ''[http://epapers.bham.ac.uk/1548/1/Bano_StateMadrasaBangladesh.pdf Allowing for Diversity: State-Madrasa Relations in Bangladesh]''. Religions and Development, Working Paper 13. 2008.
13. Siddiqi, ABM Saiful Islam. (2012). "Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh". [[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]].